NMAAHC Collections Search

Cabinet card portrait of John R. Bell

Photograph by: Hinkle, David, American, 1837 - 1916
Subject of: Bell, John R., American, died 1898
Signed by: Bell, John R., American, died 1898
Subject of: Nields, Henry C., American, 1838 - 1880

Medium: photographic gelatin and silver on photographic paper on card mount
Dimensions: H x W (image): 5 7/8 × 4 1/8 in. (15 × 10.4 cm); H x W (sheet): 6 1/2 × 4 1/4 in. (16.5 × 10.8 cm)

Type: cabinet photographs; gelatin silver prints; portraits

Place captured: Germantown, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States, North and Central America

Date: 1885

Caption: John R. Bell was a steward on the Battleship Maine. Bell officially joined the Navy in 1871, although he may have begun his service as a servant to a naval officer during the Civil War. Prior to the Maine, he served on the St. Louis and Lancaster. He was known as a very kind man, beloved by the sailors on the ships he served. When the Maine was lost in Havana harbor in 1898, Bell was one of the missing men whose body was never recovered from the wreckage.
Description: A black-and-white cabinet card portrait of John R. Bell. He is pictured from the waist up and is looking directly at the camera. He has a mustache and goatee and is wearing a dark colored naval jacket over a dark colored necktie and white shirt. The jacket is double breasted with large buttons. A tie tack in the shape of an anchor adorns his necktie. The back of the photograph is inscribed "to Paul," and signed by John R. Bell, dated "Christmas 1885." A second inscription reads, "John R. Bell, with Lieutenant Commander Henry C. Neilds USN, Christmas 1885." The back also has the photographer’s mark, [Hinkle / 4739 & 41 / MAIN STREET GERMANTOWN PA.], at center.

Topic: African American; Military; Photography; Slavery

Credit Line: Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture, Gift of the Liljenquist Family

Object number: 2018.43.7

Restrictions & Rights: Public domain

See more items in: National Museum of African American History and Culture Collection
Collection title: Liljenquist Family Collection
Classification: Slavery and Freedom Objects; Media Arts-Photography

Data Source: National Museum of African American History and Culture

Lantern Slide of the slave dealers, Birch & Co., in Alexandria, Virginia

Photograph by: Brady, Mathew, American, 1822 - 1896
Manufactured by: McAllister, Thomas H., American, 1824 - 1898
Subject of: Price, Birch & Co., American, 1858 - 1861; United States Army, American, founded 1775

Medium: albumen, sodium chloride, silver nitrate, glass, metal, ink on paper, adhesive
Dimensions: H x W (image): 2 11/16 × 2 7/8 in. (6.8 × 7.3 cm); H x W x D (slide and mount): 3 1/4 × 4 1/8 × 1/4 in. (8.2 × 10.5 × 0.6 cm)

Type: lantern slides

Place captured: Alexandria, Virginia, United States, North and Central America

Date: 1862

Description: Lantern slide of the slave trading firm of Price, Birch, & Co. of Alexandria, Virginia. The slide depicts a three story building is set to the right of the slide. A sign on the building reads “PRICE BIRCH & CO. / DEALERS IN SLAVES.” A tree is at the center of the image. Arrayed in the foreground are a horse, covered wagon and 10 soldiers. The soldiers appear to be both white and African American, with a group of four black soldiers grouped together on the left and one standing alone back against the wall. All the men are in full uniform, including hats, rifles, and swords. Printed vertically on the left of the image is “T.H. McALLISTER, Manufacturing Optician,.” Printed vertically on the right side of the image is “49 NASSAU STREET, NEW YORK.” A paper label is adhered to the back of the slide. Handwritten vertically in ink is “0290 Price, Birch & Co.’s Slave Pen / Alex. Va” The slide is in a metal frame.

Topic: African American; American South; Business; Domestic slave trade; Photography; Slavery; United States Colored Troops; United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865

Credit Line: Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture, Gift of the Liljenquist Family

Object number: 2018.43.6

Restrictions & Rights: Public domain

See more items in: National Museum of African American History and Culture Collection
Collection title: Liljenquist Family Collection
Classification: Slavery and Freedom Objects; Media Arts-Photography

Data Source: National Museum of African American History and Culture

Socket bayonet modified with a hooked tip

Created by: Unidentified

Medium: steel
Dimensions: H x W x D: 2 1/2 × 20 × 1 in. (6.4 × 50.8 × 2.5 cm)

Type: bayonets

Date: 1861-1865

Description: This socket bayonet has been modified so that the point is curved into a hook. The letters "US" are engraved at the blade shoulder, just above the socket. The bayonet has a locking ring and bore socket typical of socket bayonets.

Topic: African American; Military; Slavery; United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865

Credit Line: Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture, Gift from the Liljenquist Family Collection

Object number: 2015.222.12

Restrictions & Rights: No Known Copyright Restrictions

See more items in: National Museum of African American History and Culture Collection
Collection title: Liljenquist Family Collection
Classification: Slavery and Freedom Objects; Tools and Equipment-Military

Data Source: National Museum of African American History and Culture

Slavery Days Song and Chorus Sung by Harrigan & Hart

Published by: Wm. A. Pond & Co., American, founded 1871
Created by: Braham, David, British, 1834 - 1905
Written by: Harrigan, Edward, American, 1844 - 1911
Subject of: Hart, Tony, American, 1855 - 1891

Medium: ink on paper
Dimensions: H x W: 13 3/8 x 10 1/4 in. (34 x 26 cm)

Type: sheet music

Date: 1876

Description: Sheet music with cover with title "Slavery Days Song and Chorus Sung by Harrigan & Hart" and Cover illustrated with two seated men and basket of cotton.; printed ink on paper

Topic: African American; Minstrel (Music); Slavery; Stereotypes

Credit Line: Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture, Gift from the Liljenquist Family Collection

Object number: 2011.51.16

Restrictions & Rights: Public domain

See more items in: National Museum of African American History and Culture Collection
Collection title: Liljenquist Family Collection
Classification: Slavery and Freedom Objects; Documents and Published Materials-Sheet music

Data Source: National Museum of African American History and Culture

Bill of sale for a 42-year-old man named Isaac to John Rouzee

Owned by: Rouzee Family, American

Medium: ink on paper
Dimensions: L x W: 7 1/2 x 7 3/8 in. (19.1 x 18.7 cm)

Type: financial records; bills of sale

Place made: Essex County, Virginia, United States, North and Central America

Date: October 24, 1810

Caption: This document is from a collection of financial papers related to the plantation operations of several generations of the Rouzee Family in Essex County, Virginia. The papers date from the 1790s through 1860.
Description: A bill of sale for a 42-year-old "negro man named Isaac." Isaac was sold by William A. Lane to John Rouzee. The signature of Lane appears in the bottom right corner next to the word "seal," which is circled in ink. The signature of a witness, Daniel Branin, appears in the lower left corner. On the reverse is written, "Bill of Sale for negro Isack." The document is handwritten in black ink.
Transcription Center Status: Transcribed by digital volunteers

Topic: African American; Agriculture; Business; Domestic slave trade; Finance; Men

Credit Line: Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture, Gift of Liljenquist Family

Object number: 2011.104.1

Restrictions & Rights: Public domain

See more items in: National Museum of African American History and Culture Collection
Collection title: Liljenquist Family Collection
Portfolio/Series: Rouzee Family Papers
Classification: Slavery and Freedom Objects; Documents and Published Materials-Business and Legal Documents

Data Source: National Museum of African American History and Culture

Payment receipt to Rosa Gray for the hire of an enslaved man, Cook

Owned by: Rouzee Family, American

Medium: ink on paper
Dimensions: L x W: 4 3/4 x 8 1/4 in. (12.1 x 21 cm)

Type: financial records; receipts

Place made: Essex County, Virginia, United States, North and Central America

Date: January 28, 1813

Caption: This document is from a collection of financial papers related to the plantation operations of several generations of the Rouzee Family in Essex County, Virginia. The papers date from the 1790s through 1860.
Description: A receipt for payment by Edward Rouzee to Rosa Gray for "hire of negro man Cook the property of Gray in year 1811." The receipt is signed in the bottom right corner by William Noel for Rosa Gray. The document is handwritten in black ink. The paper is torn unevenly at the bottom.
Transcription Center Status: Transcribed by digital volunteers

Topic: African American; Agriculture; Business; Finance; Slave hire system; Slavery

Credit Line: Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture, Gift of Liljenquist Family

Object number: 2011.104.10

Restrictions & Rights: Public domain

See more items in: National Museum of African American History and Culture Collection
Collection title: Liljenquist Family Collection
Portfolio/Series: Rouzee Family Papers
Classification: Slavery and Freedom Objects; Documents and Published Materials-Business and Legal Documents

Data Source: National Museum of African American History and Culture

Memorandum of enslaved men and women hired or not hired for 1794

Owned by: Rouzee Family, American

Medium: ink on paper
Dimensions: L x W: 8 5/8 x 4 1/2 in. (21.9 x 11.4 cm)

Type: financial records

Place made: Essex County, Virginia, United States, North and Central America

Date: 1794

Caption: This document is from a collection of financial papers related to the plantation operations of several generations of the Rouzee Family in Essex County, Virginia. The papers date from the 1790s through 1860.
Description: A document titled at the top "Memorandum." Written in a vertical column, the document lists names and monetary values. Some names have the notation "not Hired." On the reverse is written "Memorandum Negro hires 1794] in the center and "Bond for the year 1794" along the lower left side. The document is handwritten in black ink.
Transcription Center Status: Transcribed by digital volunteers

Topic: African American; Agriculture; Business; Finance; Slave hire system; Slavery

Credit Line: Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture, Gift of Liljenquist Family

Object number: 2011.104.11

Restrictions & Rights: Public domain

See more items in: National Museum of African American History and Culture Collection
Collection title: Liljenquist Family Collection
Portfolio/Series: Rouzee Family Papers
Classification: Slavery and Freedom Objects; Documents and Published Materials-Business and Legal Documents

Data Source: National Museum of African American History and Culture

Receipt for purchase of a man named Ned by Edward Rouzee from an estate sale

Owned by: Rouzee Family, American

Medium: ink on paper
Dimensions: L x W: 10 5/8 x 7 1/2 in. (27 x 19.1 cm)

Type: financial records; receipts

Place made: Essex County, Virginia, United States, North and Central America

Date: September 18, 1817

Caption: This document is from a collection of financial papers related to the plantation operations of several generations of the Rouzee Family in Essex County, Virginia. The papers date from the 1790s through 1860.
Description: A receipt written by Th. Matthews for the payment by Mr. Edward Rouzee of the amount of twenty (20) dollars for "his purchase of Ned at the sale of Henry [illegible] Estate." A one-page, single-sided document of handwritten black ink on paper. The paper is torn along the bottom edge.
Transcription Center Status: Transcribed by digital volunteers

Topic: African American; Agriculture; Business; Domestic slave trade; Finance; Men

Credit Line: Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture, Gift of Liljenquist Family

Object number: 2011.104.13

Restrictions & Rights: Public domain

See more items in: National Museum of African American History and Culture Collection
Collection title: Liljenquist Family Collection
Portfolio/Series: Rouzee Family Papers
Classification: Slavery and Freedom Objects; Documents and Published Materials-Business and Legal Documents

Data Source: National Museum of African American History and Culture

Letter and payment receipt for hire of enslaved persons owned by Apphia Rouzee

Owned by: Rouzee Family, American

Medium: ink on paper
Dimensions: L x W: 6 x 7 3/4 in. (15.2 x 19.7 cm)

Type: business letters; financial records

Place made: Essex County, Virginia, United States, North and Central America

Date: January 1, 1802

Caption: This document is from a collection of financial papers related to the plantation operations of several generations of the Rouzee Family in Essex County, Virginia. The papers date from the 1790s through 1860.
Description: A letter written by Apphia Rouzee to Mr. Evan Brown in care of William Noel stating "you must hire out all the negros to the best advantage for this yeare and send by him all the cash you have received." The letter is dated January 1, 1802. On the reverse, in a different hand, is a note dated January 2, 1802 recording a payment of one hundred and twenty four (124) pounds and two (2) pence received from Evan Brown and signed by William Noel. The paper is torn on two sides and there are two tears in the center. The paper has been folded and creased many times.
Transcription Center Status: Transcribed by digital volunteers

Topic: African American; Agriculture; Business; Finance; Slave hire system; Slavery

Credit Line: Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture, Gift of Liljenquist Family

Object number: 2011.104.14

Restrictions & Rights: Public domain

See more items in: National Museum of African American History and Culture Collection
Collection title: Liljenquist Family Collection
Portfolio/Series: Rouzee Family Papers
Classification: Slavery and Freedom Objects; Documents and Published Materials-Business and Legal Documents

Data Source: National Museum of African American History and Culture

Transcript of court record regarding payment for the hire of enslaved persons

Owned by: Rouzee Family, American

Medium: ink on paper
Dimensions: L x W: 10 5/8 x 7 1/2 in. (27 x 19.1 cm)

Type: financial records

Place made: Essex County, Virginia, United States, North and Central America

Date: September 18, 1817

Caption: This document is from a collection of financial papers related to the plantation operations of several generations of the Rouzee Family in Essex County, Virginia. The papers date from the 1790s through 1860.
Description: Transcript of a court document from the Essex County court office. It certifies that Apphia Rouzee has fully satisfied the bond owed William Webb and James Webb by paying to William Webb the sum of one thousand (1000) dollars for "the hires of the negroes in Culpepper [sic] County." At the bottom right, the document is signed by witnesses Thomas Wright Jr. and Wm. B. Matthews. A one page, single-sided document of handwritten black ink on paper. The back contains notes and a description of the document.
Transcription Center Status: Transcribed by digital volunteers

Topic: African American; Agriculture; Business; Finance; Law; Slave hire system; Slavery

Credit Line: Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture, Gift of Liljenquist Family

Object number: 2011.104.15

Restrictions & Rights: Public domain

See more items in: National Museum of African American History and Culture Collection
Collection title: Liljenquist Family Collection
Portfolio/Series: Rouzee Family Papers
Classification: Slavery and Freedom Objects; Documents and Published Materials-Business and Legal Documents

Data Source: National Museum of African American History and Culture

Transcript of court record regarding payment for hire of enslaved persons

Owned by: Rouzee Family, American

Medium: ink on paper
Dimensions: L x W: 12 1/8 x 7 1/4 in. (30.8 x 18.4 cm)

Type: financial records; transcripts

Place made: Essex County, Virginia, United States, North and Central America

Date: December 2, 1808

Caption: This document is from a collection of financial papers related to the plantation operations of several generations of the Rouzee Family in Essex County, Virginia. The papers date from the 1790s through 1860.
Description: A transcript of a court document testifying that William Webb of Essex County and John Dunn of Essex County are "held and firmly bound unto" Apphia Rouzee in the sum of two thousand (2000) dollars. At the bottom left is the signature of witness Dorothy Booker. At the bottom right and on the reverse are the signatures of Louis Booker and Anthony Robinson. The document is handwritten in black ink on both sides of a single page.
Transcription Center Status: Transcribed by digital volunteers

Topic: African American; Agriculture; Business; Finance; Law; Slave hire system; Slavery

Credit Line: Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture, Gift of Liljenquist Family

Object number: 2011.104.16

Restrictions & Rights: Public domain

See more items in: National Museum of African American History and Culture Collection
Collection title: Liljenquist Family Collection
Portfolio/Series: Rouzee Family Papers
Classification: Slavery and Freedom Objects; Documents and Published Materials-Business and Legal Documents

Data Source: National Museum of African American History and Culture

Payment receipt for the hiring of enslaved persons owned by Apphia Rouzee

Owned by: Rouzee Family, American

Medium: ink on paper
Dimensions: L x W: 6 1/4 x 8 1/4 in. (15.9 x 21 cm)

Type: financial records; receipts

Place made: Essex County, Virginia, United States, North and Central America

Date: January 2, 1802

Caption: This document is from a collection of financial papers related to the plantation operations of several generations of the Rouzee Family in Essex County, Virginia. The papers date from the 1790s through 1860.
Description: This payment receipt describes the amount and method of payment given to Mrs. Apphia Rouzee by Mr. William Noel for "Negroe Hire" for the year 1801 and prior to 1801 by Mr. Evan Brown. A one page, single-sided document of faded black ink handwritten on paper. On the back of the document is written "Evan Brown."
Transcription Center Status: Transcribed by digital volunteers

Topic: African American; Agriculture; Business; Finance; Slave hire system; Slavery

Credit Line: Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture, Gift of Liljenquist Family

Object number: 2011.104.17

Restrictions & Rights: Public domain

See more items in: National Museum of African American History and Culture Collection
Collection title: Liljenquist Family Collection
Portfolio/Series: Rouzee Family Papers
Classification: Slavery and Freedom Objects; Documents and Published Materials-Business and Legal Documents

Data Source: National Museum of African American History and Culture

List of bonds for the hire of enslaved persons given to Evan Brown to collect

Owned by: Rouzee Family, American

Medium: ink on paper
Dimensions: L x W: 13 x 8 in. (33 x 20.3 cm)

Type: financial records

Place made: Essex County, Virginia, United States, North and Central America

Date: 1794 - 1795

Caption: This document is from a collection of financial papers related to the plantation operations of several generations of the Rouzee Family in Essex County, Virginia. The papers date from the 1790s through 1860.
Description: This document is titled at the top "A List of Bonds Given to Mr. Evan Brown to Collect or put in Suit" and consists of lists of names, dates, and monetary amounts owed for the hire of enslaved persons. The document is divided into three separate lists and is signed by Evan Brown and witnessed by Ralph Rouzee on both the front and the back. A single page document of black ink on paper. Two lists are written on the front and one on the back.
Transcription Center Status: Transcribed by digital volunteers

Topic: African American; Agriculture; Business; Finance; Slave hire system; Slavery

Credit Line: Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture, Gift of Liljenquist Family

Object number: 2011.104.18

Restrictions & Rights: Public domain

See more items in: National Museum of African American History and Culture Collection
Collection title: Liljenquist Family Collection
Portfolio/Series: Rouzee Family Papers
Classification: Slavery and Freedom Objects; Documents and Published Materials-Business and Legal Documents

Data Source: National Museum of African American History and Culture

List of enslaved persons hired out by AB Rouzee for the year 1812

Owned by: Rouzee Family, American

Medium: ink on paper
Dimensions: L x W: 9 5/8 x 15 3/4 in. (24.4 x 40 cm)

Type: financial records

Place made: Essex County, Virginia, United States, North and Central America

Date: 1812

Caption: This document is from a collection of financial papers related to the plantation operations of several generations of the Rouzee Family in Essex County, Virginia. The papers date from the 1790s through 1860.
Description: This document is titled at the top, "A List of [illegible] A.B. Rouzee Negroes for 1812" and contains an itemized list of enslaved persons owned by the Rouzee family that were hired out during 1812. The list contains the name of the enslaved person, the person they were hired by, and the monetary or trade amount owed to the Rouzee family for their labor. The document is handwritten in black ink. On the reverse is written "List negro hire." The paper has been folded vertically multiple times.
Transcription Center Status: Transcribed by digital volunteers

Topic: African American; Agriculture; Business; Finance; Slave hire system; Slavery

Credit Line: Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture, Gift of Liljenquist Family

Object number: 2011.104.19

Restrictions & Rights: Public domain

See more items in: National Museum of African American History and Culture Collection
Collection title: Liljenquist Family Collection
Portfolio/Series: Rouzee Family Papers
Classification: Slavery and Freedom Objects; Documents and Published Materials-Business and Legal Documents

Data Source: National Museum of African American History and Culture

List of enslaved persons hired out by AB Rouzee for the year 1813

Owned by: Rouzee Family, American

Medium: ink on paper
Dimensions: L x W: 9 5/8 x 15 3/4 in. (24.4 x 40 cm)

Type: financial records

Place used: Essex County, Virginia, United States, North and Central America

Date: 1813

Caption: This document is from a collection of financial papers related to the plantation operations of several generations of the Rouzee Family in Essex County, Virginia. The papers date from the 1790s through 1860.
Description: This document is titled at the top, "A List of [illegible] A.B. Rouzee Negroes for 1813" and contains an itemized list of enslaved persons owned by the Rouzee family that were hired out during 1813. The list contains the name of the enslaved person, the person they were hired by, and the monetary or trade amount owed to the Rouzee family for their labor. The total owed is one hundred and eight (108) dollars. The document is handwritten in black ink. On the reverse is written "List negro hire." The paper has been folded vertically multiple times.
Transcription Center Status: Transcribed by digital volunteers

Topic: African American; Agriculture; Business; Finance; Slave hire system; Slavery

Credit Line: Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture, Gift of Liljenquist Family

Object number: 2011.104.20

Restrictions & Rights: Public domain

See more items in: National Museum of African American History and Culture Collection
Collection title: Liljenquist Family Collection
Portfolio/Series: Rouzee Family Papers
Classification: Slavery and Freedom Objects; Documents and Published Materials-Business and Legal Documents

Data Source: National Museum of African American History and Culture

List of bonds due for the hire of enslaved persons owned by Apphia Rouzee

Owned by: Rouzee Family, American

Medium: ink on paper
Dimensions: L x W: 7 x 8 1/4 in. (17.8 x 21 cm)

Type: financial records

Place made: Essex County, Virginia, United States, North and Central America

Date: 1805

Caption: This document is from a collection of financial papers related to the plantation operations of several generations of the Rouzee Family in Essex County, Virginia. The papers date from the 1790s through 1860.
Description: This document is titled at the top "List of Bonds due Apphia Rouzee for Negro Hire & Rent for the year 1805." The list consists of one column of names and a column of monetary amounts. The document is one page, single-sided, black ink handwritten on paper.
Transcription Center Status: Transcribed by digital volunteers

Topic: African American; Agriculture; Business; Finance; Slavery

Credit Line: Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture, Gift of Liljenquist Family

Object number: 2011.104.21

Restrictions & Rights: Public domain

See more items in: National Museum of African American History and Culture Collection
Collection title: Liljenquist Family Collection
Portfolio/Series: Rouzee Family Papers
Classification: Slavery and Freedom Objects; Documents and Published Materials-Business and Legal Documents

Data Source: National Museum of African American History and Culture

List of payments to Apphia Rouzee in account with John Rouzee

Owned by: Rouzee Family, American

Medium: ink on paper
Dimensions: L x W: 9 3/4 x 15 3/4 in. (24.8 x 40 cm)

Type: financial records

Place made: Essex County, Virginia, United States, North and Central America

Date: 1811-1813

Caption: This document is from a collection of financial papers related to the plantation operations of several generations of the Rouzee Family in Essex County, Virginia. The papers date from the 1790s through 1860.
Description: This document lists the amount of cash paid and on which dates to Mrs. Apphia B. Rouzee in account with John Rouzee, including amounts paid for the hiring out of enslaved persons in the years 1812 and 1813. The document is composed in columns for the dates, the methods of payment and description of the debt, and the amounts in pounds. The document consists of a single folded page with handwritten text in black ink.
Transcription Center Status: Transcribed by digital volunteers

Topic: African American; Agriculture; Business; Finance; Slave hire system; Slavery

Credit Line: Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture, Gift of Liljenquist Family

Object number: 2011.104.22

Restrictions & Rights: Public domain

See more items in: National Museum of African American History and Culture Collection
Collection title: Liljenquist Family Collection
Portfolio/Series: Rouzee Family Papers
Classification: Slavery and Freedom Objects; Documents and Published Materials-Business and Legal Documents

Data Source: National Museum of African American History and Culture

Account of hires of enslaved persons belonging to Apphia Rouzzee for 1812

Owned by: Rouzee Family, American

Medium: ink on paper
Dimensions: L x W: 9 3/4 x 15 3/4 in. (24.8 x 40 cm)

Type: financial records; accounts

Place depicted: Culpeper County, Virginia, United States, North and Central America
Place made: Essex County, Virginia, United States, North and Central America

Date: 1812-1813

Caption: This document is from a collection of financial papers related to the plantation operations of several generations of the Rouzee Family in Essex County, Virginia. The papers date from the 1790s through 1860.
Description: This document contains lists of enslaved persons owned by A.B. Rouzee and hired out in Culpeper, Virginia. The list at the top documents the hires for 1812 and the list below it documents the hires for 1813. The lists consist of the name of the enslaved person, the name of the person who hired the enslaved person, and the amount owed A.B. Rouzee for the labor or services provided by the enslaved person. The document consists of single, folded page handwritten in black ink. On the reverse is written "a/c of negro hire 1813."
Transcription Center Status: Transcribed by digital volunteers

Topic: African American; Agriculture; Business; Domestic slave trade; Finance; Slave hire system; Slavery

Credit Line: Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture, Gift of Liljenquist Family

Object number: 2011.104.23

Restrictions & Rights: Public domain

See more items in: National Museum of African American History and Culture Collection
Collection title: Liljenquist Family Collection
Portfolio/Series: Rouzee Family Papers
Classification: Slavery and Freedom Objects; Documents and Published Materials-Business and Legal Documents

Data Source: National Museum of African American History and Culture

Lists of enslaved persons hired out by the Rouzee family in 1811

Owned by: Rouzee Family, American

Medium: ink on paper
Dimensions: L x W: 12 7/8 x 8 in. (32.7 x 20.3 cm)

Type: financial records

Place made: Essex County, Virginia, United States, North and Central America

Date: 1811

Caption: This document is from a collection of financial papers related to the plantation operations of several generations of the Rouzee Family in Essex County, Virginia. The papers date from the 1790s through 1860.
Description: This document consists of three lists relating to the hire of enslaved persons in 1811. The first list is titled only "1811." Below the first list, the second list is titled "List of negro hires in Culpepper paid in advance." At the bottom of the page is a third list titled "Rouzee Negroes hired out for the year 1811." Each list consists of names of enslaved persons, the name of the person they were hired out to, and the amount due the enslaver for their labor or services. The document is a single page, handwritten in black ink. The right side of the paper is uneven. On the reverse, in the center of the page, is written, "List of negro hires 1811."
Transcription Center Status: Transcribed by digital volunteers

Topic: African American; Agriculture; Business; Finance; Slave hire system; Slavery

Credit Line: Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture, Gift of Liljenquist Family

Object number: 2011.104.24

Restrictions & Rights: Public domain

See more items in: National Museum of African American History and Culture Collection
Collection title: Liljenquist Family Collection
Portfolio/Series: Rouzee Family Papers
Classification: Slavery and Freedom Objects; Documents and Published Materials-Business and Legal Documents

Data Source: National Museum of African American History and Culture

Accounting record for the Rouzee family with notes on hires of enslaved persons

Owned by: Rouzee Family, American

Medium: ink on paper
Dimensions: L x W: 8 x 12 3/4 in. (20.3 x 32.4 cm)

Type: financial records

Place made: Essex County, Virginia, United States, North and Central America

Date: 1810-1811

Caption: This document is from a collection of financial papers related to the plantation operations of several generations of the Rouzee Family in Essex County, Virginia. The papers date from the 1790s through 1860.
Description: This document is an accounting record for the years 1810 and 1811 with some of the entries pertaining to the hiring out of enslaved persons and the amount due the enslavers for the labor or services performed. The document is a single page folded vertically multiple times and handwritten in black ink.
Transcription Center Status: Transcribed by digital volunteers

Topic: African American; Agriculture; Business; Finance; Slave hire system; Slavery

Credit Line: Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture, Gift of Liljenquist Family

Object number: 2011.104.25

Restrictions & Rights: Public domain

See more items in: National Museum of African American History and Culture Collection
Collection title: Liljenquist Family Collection
Portfolio/Series: Rouzee Family Papers
Classification: Slavery and Freedom Objects; Documents and Published Materials-Business and Legal Documents

Data Source: National Museum of African American History and Culture

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Cabinet card portrait of John R. Bell

Lantern Slide of the slave dealers, Birch & Co., in Alexandria, Virginia

Socket bayonet modified with a hooked tip

Slavery Days Song and Chorus Sung by Harrigan & Hart

Bill of sale for a 42-year-old man named Isaac to John Rouzee

Payment receipt to Rosa Gray for the hire of an enslaved man, Cook

Memorandum of enslaved men and women hired or not hired for 1794

Receipt for purchase of a man named Ned by Edward Rouzee from an estate sale

Letter and payment receipt for hire of enslaved persons owned by Apphia Rouzee

Transcript of court record regarding payment for the hire of enslaved persons

Transcript of court record regarding payment for hire of enslaved persons

Payment receipt for the hiring of enslaved persons owned by Apphia Rouzee

List of bonds for the hire of enslaved persons given to Evan Brown to collect

List of enslaved persons hired out by AB Rouzee for the year 1812

List of enslaved persons hired out by AB Rouzee for the year 1813

List of bonds due for the hire of enslaved persons owned by Apphia Rouzee

List of payments to Apphia Rouzee in account with John Rouzee

Account of hires of enslaved persons belonging to Apphia Rouzzee for 1812

Lists of enslaved persons hired out by the Rouzee family in 1811

Accounting record for the Rouzee family with notes on hires of enslaved persons

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