Directed by

Garrett, Kent, American, born 1941

Produced by

Greaves, William, American, 1926 - 2014

National Educational Television, American, 1954 - 1970

Owned by

Bowser, Pearl, American, born 1931

Subject of

Bennett, L. Howard

Medium

16mm Film (a): acetate film;

Dimensions

Duration: 50 Minutes

Length (Film): 1,800 Feet

Type

motion pictures (information artifacts)

Place filmed

H? Chí Minh, Thành Ph?, H? Chí Minh, Viet Nam, Asia

Camp Hansen, Okinawa, Japan, Asia

Arlington County, Virginia, United States, North and Central America

Place made

5708 Arundel Ave., Rockville, Montgomery County, Maryland, United States, North and Central America

Date

1971

Caption

The Black G.I. is a two-part documentary episode of the television series Black Journal. It focuses on the experiences of African-American soldiers in the Vietnam War. This film features frank and open discussions from soldiers, ranked officers, and politicians about the racism that defined the different experiences black soldiers had in this war.

Description

This preservation 16mm color film is an hour-long documentary segment of Episode No. 22 of the NET (National Educational Television) television program, Black Journal; a weekly public television newsmagazine in the late 1960s/early 1970s that examined the many issues pertinent to the black American experience at the time. It was originally broadcast on March 30, 1970, and is believed to have been filmed over the course of 1969. Episode No. 22 of Black Journal was directed by Stan Lathan, while the "Black G.I." segment was directed by Kent Garrett. Executive Produced by William Greaves.

Contains: 16mm Film (a), Original 1,600 foot Film Reel (b), and Original 1,600 foot Film Canister (c).

2012.79.1.51.1a: 16mm film. This film opens with a narration over images of African American men in the history of the US military. The first moving image section shows African American men fighting during World War II. The narrator discusses the irony of African American men fighting for freedom in Europe while not enjoying the same freedoms in the US. There are multiple shots of the Tuskegee Airmen. Eleanor Roosevelt pins (unknown) medal on African American soldier. Next, newsreel footage of Joe Louis arriving at an airbase and greeting black troops. The narrator then talks about the desegregation of the US military during the Korean War and points out the lack of black soldiers in leadership positions. Color footage marks the transition of the narration to coverage of the Vietnam War. Two African American soldiers in civilian clothing with soul power patches can be seen dapping. Series of brief excerpts from interviews of black soldiers play, each stating their position on being black and in the military during the Vietnam War. The narrator reveals the disproportionate percentage of black men who are killed in action versus their white counterparts. There are multiple shots of combat and post-combat footage in Vietnamese rice fields and footage of riverside villages. Two sailors patrol a river and discuss their experience in Vietnam thus far and what they'll do when they get home. They discuss their mission and how to be black while being in the military. A girl group performs at the USO in Saigon. Tanks and amored personnel carriers patrol suspected enemy locations along border with North Vietnam. Sailors on a patrol boat open fire at the river bank and a confederate flag can be seen flying from a flag pole on board. Black sailors discuss cultural challenges of being in the Navy and the lack entertainment geared towards black musical tastes of the time. One sailor talks about being disciplined for getting into an altercation after a white sailor ripped his tape player from the wall for playing soul music. The narrator reveals that an all white court martial found the sailor, Bobby Jenkins, guilty of assault, demoted him and docked his pay. A sailor relays that he and other African Americans met with the Assistant Secretary of Defense for civil rights to discuss their poor treatment and were promised changes by the Assistant Secretary. The sailors talk about how some local Vietnamese have adopted some of the negative perceptions of African Americans, which some black sailors believe they learned from some white members of the military. The sailors discuss how their hands are tied when it comes to standing up for their rights as sailors on a patrol boat dap and salute the camera with black/soul power fists. Air Force fighter pilot, John Bordeaux, discusses his personal experience of not facing the same discrimination expressed by other African American military personnel. Two black career Army officers, Davis and Rogers, discuss the systematic discrimination they've faced; in particular, they recall incidents of being passed over for promotions despite strong credentials. Brigadier General Frederick E. Davison, the first African American combat general, rejects the assertion that an African American who succeeds in the military is an Uncle Tom and discusses the many actions that the Army has taken to ensure equal treatment and opportunities. A cover of "Sittin' on a Dock in the Bay" plays over a montage of black soldiers in the field. A group of black Marines in a mess hall at Camp Hansen, Okinawa discuss the unfair treatment they've experienced, such as being forced to wear a collared shirt with their dashikis and not being allowed to wear their hair in an afro. One marine relates an incident in which they were violently confronted after returning from a USO show that primarily featured soul music. There is a series of shots of shops in Koza "Four Corners", Okinawa geared towards African American soldiers. Another group of soldiers discuss their dissatisfaction with being drafted to fight in Vietnam despite social and economic discrimination at home, and being harassed and targeted as being "troublesome" if they decide to attend country music night at local clubs. L. Howard Bennett, Deputy Assistant Secretary for Civil Rights, discusses how black soldiers complaining about the lack of soul music are expressing grievances beyond simply entertainment selection and dissatisfaction with communcation in the chain of command. He also states his opinion that black soldiers fighting for the US puts them in a better position to demand equal rights at home.

2012.79.1.51.1b: Original 1,600 foot film reel.

2012.79.1.51.1c: Original 1,600 foot film canister. The metal film canister has two sticker labels; each from a different film services company.

Topic

African American

Film

Gesture

Mass media

Military

Race discrimination

Race relations

Television

Vietnam War, 1961-1975

Credit Line

Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture, Gift of Pearl Bowser

Object number

2012.79.1.51.2ab

Restrictions & Rights

© National Educational Television

See more items in

National Museum of African American History and Culture Collection

Collection title

Pearl Bowser Collection

Classification

Media Arts-Film and Video

Data Source

National Museum of African American History and Culture

Directed by

Garrett, Kent, American, born 1941

Produced by

Greaves, William, American, 1926 - 2014

National Educational Television, American, 1954 - 1970

Owned by

Bowser, Pearl, American, born 1931

Subject of

Bennett, L. Howard

Medium

16mm Film (a): acetate film;

Dimensions

Duration: 50 Minutes

Length (Film): 1,800 Feet

Type

motion pictures (information artifacts)

Place filmed

H? Chí Minh, Thành Ph?, H? Chí Minh, Viet Nam, Asia

Camp Hansen, Okinawa, Japan, Asia

Arlington County, Virginia, United States, North and Central America

Place made

5708 Arundel Ave., Rockville, Montgomery County, Marlyland, United States, North and Central America

Date

1971

Caption

The Black G.I. is a two-part documentary episode of the television series Black Journal. It focuses on the experiences of African-American soldiers in the Vietnam War. This film features frank and open discussions from soldiers, ranked officers, and politicians about the racism that defined the different experiences black soldiers had in this war.

Description

This preservation 16mm color film is an hour-long documentary segment of Episode No. 22 of the NET (National Educational Television) television program, Black Journal; a weekly public television newsmagazine in the late 1960s/early 1970s that examined the many issues pertinent to the black American experience at the time. It was originally broadcast on March 30, 1970, and is believed to have been filmed over the course of 1969. Episode No. 22 of Black Journal was directed by Stan Lathan, while the "Black G.I." segment was directed by Kent Garrett. Executive Produced by William Greaves.

Contains: 16mm Film (a), Original 1,600 foot Film Reel (b), and Original 1,600 foot Film Canister (c).

2012.79.1.51.1a: 16mm film. This film opens with a narration over images of African American men in the history of the US military. The first moving image section shows African American men fighting during World War II. The narrator discusses the irony of African American men fighting for freedom in Europe while not enjoying the same freedoms in the US. There are multiple shots of the Tuskegee Airmen. Eleanor Roosevelt pins (unknown) medal on African American soldier. Next, newsreel footage of Joe Louis arriving at an airbase and greeting black troops. The narrator then talks about the desegregation of the US military during the Korean War and points out the lack of black soldiers in leadership positions. Color footage marks the transition of the narration to coverage of the Vietnam War. Two African American soldiers in civilian clothing with soul power patches can be seen dapping. Series of brief excerpts from interviews of black soldiers play, each stating their position on being black and in the military during the Vietnam War. The narrator reveals the disproportionate percentage of black men who are killed in action versus their white counterparts. There are multiple shots of combat and post-combat footage in Vietnamese rice fields and footage of riverside villages. Two sailors patrol a river and discuss their experience in Vietnam thus far and what they'll do when they get home. They discuss their mission and how to be black while being in the military. A girl group performs at the USO in Saigon. Tanks and amored personnel carriers patrol suspected enemy locations along border with North Vietnam. Sailors on a patrol boat open fire at the river bank and a confederate flag can be seen flying from a flag pole on board. Black sailors discuss cultural challenges of being in the Navy and the lack entertainment geared towards black musical tastes of the time. One sailor talks about being disciplined for getting into an altercation after a white sailor ripped his tape player from the wall for playing soul music. The narrator reveals that an all white court martial found the sailor, Bobby Jenkins, guilty of assault, demoted him and docked his pay. A sailor relays that he and other African Americans met with the Assistant Secretary of Defense for civil rights to discuss their poor treatment and were promised changes by the Assistant Secretary. The sailors talk about how some local Vietnamese have adopted some of the negative perceptions of African Americans, which some black sailors believe they learned from some white members of the military. The sailors discuss how their hands are tied when it comes to standing up for their rights as sailors on a patrol boat dap and salute the camera with black/soul power fists. Air Force fighter pilot, John Bordeaux, discusses his personal experience of not facing the same discrimination expressed by other African American military personnel. Two black career Army officers, Davis and Rogers, discuss the systematic discrimination they've faced; in particular, they recall incidents of being passed over for promotions despite strong credentials. Brigadier General Frederick E. Davison, the first African American combat general, rejects the assertion that an African American who succeeds in the military is an Uncle Tom and discusses the many actions that the Army has taken to ensure equal treatment and opportunities. A cover of "Sittin' on a Dock in the Bay" plays over a montage of black soldiers in the field. A group of black Marines in a mess hall at Camp Hansen, Okinawa discuss the unfair treatment they've experienced, such as being forced to wear a collared shirt with their dashikis and not being allowed to wear their hair in an afro. One marine relates an incident in which they were violently confronted after returning from a USO show that primarily featured soul music. There is a series of shots of shops in Koza "Four Corners", Okinawa geared towards African American soldiers. Another group of soldiers discuss their dissatisfaction with being drafted to fight in Vietnam despite social and economic discrimination at home, and being harassed and targeted as being "troublesome" if they decide to attend country music night at local clubs. L. Howard Bennett, Deputy Assistant Secretary for Civil Rights, discusses how black soldiers complaining about the lack of soul music are expressing grievances beyond simply entertainment selection and dissatisfaction with communcation in the chain of command. He also states his opinion that black soldiers fighting for the US puts them in a better position to demand equal rights at home.

2012.79.1.51.1b: Original 1,600 foot film reel.

2012.79.1.51.1c: Original 1,600 foot film canister. The metal film canister has two sticker labels; each from a different film services company.

Topic

African American

Film

Gesture

Mass media

Military

Race discrimination

Race relations

Television

Vietnam War, 1961-1975

Credit Line

Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture, Gift of Pearl Bowser

Object number

2012.79.1.51.3ab

Restrictions & Rights

© National Educational Television

See more items in

National Museum of African American History and Culture Collection

Collection title

Pearl Bowser Collection

Classification

Media Arts-Film and Video

Data Source

National Museum of African American History and Culture

Directed by

Garrett, Kent, American, born 1941

Produced by

Greaves, William, American, 1926 - 2014

National Educational Television, American, 1954 - 1970

Owned by

Bowser, Pearl, American, born 1931

Subject of

Bennett, L. Howard

Medium

16mm Film (a): acetate film;

Dimensions

Duration: 50 Minutes

Length (Film): 1,800 Feet

Type

motion pictures (information artifacts)

Place filmed

H? Chí Minh, Thành Ph?, H? Chí Minh, Viet Nam, Asia

Camp Hansen, Okinawa, Japan, Asia

Arlington County, Virginia, United States, North and Central America

Place made

5708 Arundel Ave., Rockville, Montgomery County, Maryland, United States, North and Central America

Date

1971

Caption

The Black G.I. is a two-part documentary episode of the television series Black Journal. It focuses on the experiences of African-American soldiers in the Vietnam War. This film features frank and open discussions from soldiers, ranked officers, and politicians about the racism that defined the different experiences black soldiers had in this war.

Description

This preservation 16mm color film is an hour-long documentary segment of Episode No. 22 of the NET (National Educational Television) television program, Black Journal; a weekly public television newsmagazine in the late 1960s/early 1970s that examined the many issues pertinent to the black American experience at the time. It was originally broadcast on March 30, 1970, and is believed to have been filmed over the course of 1969. Episode No. 22 of Black Journal was directed by Stan Lathan, while the "Black G.I." segment was directed by Kent Garrett. Executive Produced by William Greaves.

Contains: 16mm Film (a), Original 1,600 foot Film Reel (b), and Original 1,600 foot Film Canister (c).

2012.79.1.51.1a: 16mm film. This film opens with a narration over images of African American men in the history of the US military. The first moving image section shows African American men fighting during World War II. The narrator discusses the irony of African American men fighting for freedom in Europe while not enjoying the same freedoms in the US. There are multiple shots of the Tuskegee Airmen. Eleanor Roosevelt pins (unknown) medal on African American soldier. Next, newsreel footage of Joe Louis arriving at an airbase and greeting black troops. The narrator then talks about the desegregation of the US military during the Korean War and points out the lack of black soldiers in leadership positions. Color footage marks the transition of the narration to coverage of the Vietnam War. Two African American soldiers in civilian clothing with soul power patches can be seen dapping. Series of brief excerpts from interviews of black soldiers play, each stating their position on being black and in the military during the Vietnam War. The narrator reveals the disproportionate percentage of black men who are killed in action versus their white counterparts. There are multiple shots of combat and post-combat footage in Vietnamese rice fields and footage of riverside villages. Two sailors patrol a river and discuss their experience in Vietnam thus far and what they'll do when they get home. They discuss their mission and how to be black while being in the military. A girl group performs at the USO in Saigon. Tanks and amored personnel carriers patrol suspected enemy locations along border with North Vietnam. Sailors on a patrol boat open fire at the river bank and a confederate flag can be seen flying from a flag pole on board. Black sailors discuss cultural challenges of being in the Navy and the lack entertainment geared towards black musical tastes of the time. One sailor talks about being disciplined for getting into an altercation after a white sailor ripped his tape player from the wall for playing soul music. The narrator reveals that an all white court martial found the sailor, Bobby Jenkins, guilty of assault, demoted him and docked his pay. A sailor relays that he and other African Americans met with the Assistant Secretary of Defense for civil rights to discuss their poor treatment and were promised changes by the Assistant Secretary. The sailors talk about how some local Vietnamese have adopted some of the negative perceptions of African Americans, which some black sailors believe they learned from some white members of the military. The sailors discuss how their hands are tied when it comes to standing up for their rights as sailors on a patrol boat dap and salute the camera with black/soul power fists. Air Force fighter pilot, John Bordeaux, discusses his personal experience of not facing the same discrimination expressed by other African American military personnel. Two black career Army officers, Davis and Rogers, discuss the systematic discrimination they've faced; in particular, they recall incidents of being passed over for promotions despite strong credentials. Brigadier General Frederick E. Davison, the first African American combat general, rejects the assertion that an African American who succeeds in the military is an Uncle Tom and discusses the many actions that the Army has taken to ensure equal treatment and opportunities. A cover of "Sittin' on a Dock in the Bay" plays over a montage of black soldiers in the field. A group of black Marines in a mess hall at Camp Hansen, Okinawa discuss the unfair treatment they've experienced, such as being forced to wear a collared shirt with their dashikis and not being allowed to wear their hair in an afro. One marine relates an incident in which they were violently confronted after returning from a USO show that primarily featured soul music. There is a series of shots of shops in Koza "Four Corners", Okinawa geared towards African American soldiers. Another group of soldiers discuss their dissatisfaction with being drafted to fight in Vietnam despite social and economic discrimination at home, and being harassed and targeted as being "troublesome" if they decide to attend country music night at local clubs. L. Howard Bennett, Deputy Assistant Secretary for Civil Rights, discusses how black soldiers complaining about the lack of soul music are expressing grievances beyond simply entertainment selection and dissatisfaction with communcation in the chain of command. He also states his opinion that black soldiers fighting for the US puts them in a better position to demand equal rights at home.

2012.79.1.51.1b: Original 1,600 foot film reel.

2012.79.1.51.1c: Original 1,600 foot film canister. The metal film canister has two sticker labels; each from a different film services company.

Topic

African American

Film

Gesture

Mass media

Military

Race discrimination

Race relations

Television

Vietnam War, 1961-1975

Credit Line

Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture, Gift of Pearl Bowser

Object number

2012.79.1.51.4ab

Restrictions & Rights

© National Educational Television

See more items in

National Museum of African American History and Culture Collection

Collection title

Pearl Bowser Collection

Classification

Media Arts-Film and Video

Data Source

National Museum of African American History and Culture

Created by

Civil Rights History Project, American, founded 2009

Interview of

Rosenburg, John J. D., born 1931

Rosenburg, Jean, American

Interviewed by

Cline, David P. Ph. D., American, born 1969

Subject of

Quakers, English, founded c. 1650

National Socialist German Workers' Party

Wilmington College, American, founded 1870

United States Department of Justice Civil Rights Division, American, founded 1957

Federal Bureau of Investigation, American, founded 1908

Duke University, American, founded 1838

United States Air Force, American, founded 1947

University of North Carolina School of Law, American, founded 1845

Doar, John Andrew, American, 1921 - 2014

Turnbow, Hartman, American, 1905 - 1988

Voting Rights Act, American, founded 1965

Appalachian Citizens' Law Center, American, founded 2002

Medium

digital

Dimensions

Duration: 02:36:57

Type

video recordings

oral histories

Place collected

Prestonburg, Floyd County, Kentucky, United States, North and Central America

Place depicted

Pennsylvania, United States, North and Central America

Germany, Europe

Gastonia, Gaston County, North Carolina, United States, North and Central America

Georgia, United States, North and Central America

Alabama, United States, North and Central America

Mississippi, United States, North and Central America

Date

August 15, 2013

Description

The oral history consists of ten digital files: 2011.174.100.1a, 2011.174.100.1b, 2011.174.100.1c, 2011.174.100.1d, 2011.174.100.1e, 2011.174.100.1f, 2011.174.100.1g, 2011.174.100.1h, 2011.174.100.1i, and 2011.174.100.1j.

Jean and John Rosenberg, J. D. begin this interview with recollections of their families' backgrounds. Jean learned about social issues as she was raised by a Quaker family in Pennsylvania, and John's family fled Germany under threat from the Nazis. Jean attended Wilmington College and became a research analyst for the Department of Justice's Civil Rights Division. John grew up in Gastonia, North Carolina, where FBI agents kept tabs on his family, attended Duke University, served in the Air Force, and attended the University of North Carolina School of Law. He became an attorney with the Department of Justice's Civil Rights Division, which became effective after reorganization by John Doar. Much of this interview concerns Jean and John's work with the Civil Rights Division, including support for voter registration efforts in Georgia and Alabama, the investigation of the Hartman Turnbow case, in which a black activist was arrested for an arson attempt on his own home, and an effort to address a murder in Mississippi. John also addresses the effects of the Voting Rights Act in the South, the role of the lawyers in the Civil Rights Division in relation to the FBI and local law enforcement, and a variety of other cases and issues he dealt with. After retirement, the Rosenbergs founded the Appalachian Citizens Law Center.

LOC ID: afc2010039_crhp0100

Topic

African American

Activism

American South

Associations and institutions

Civil Rights

Education

Law

Military

Social reform

Suffrage

United States--History--1961-1969

United States--History--2001-

Credit Line

Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture in partnership with the American Folklife Center, Library of Congress

Object number

2011.174.100.1a-j

Restrictions & Rights

© Smithsonian National Museum of African American History & Culture and The American Folklife Center, Library of Congress

See more items in

National Museum of African American History and Culture Collection

Collection title

Civil Rights History Project

Classification

Media Arts-Film and Video

Data Source

National Museum of African American History and Culture

Created by

Civil Rights History Project, American, founded 2009

Interview of

Honorable Perry, Matthew J. Jr., American, 1921 - 2011

Interviewed by

Mosnier, Joseph Ph. D.

Subject of

South Carolina State University, American, founded 1896

NAACP Legal Defense and Education Fund, Inc., American, founded 1940

Medium

digital

Dimensions

Duration: 00:55:52

Type

video recordings

oral histories

Place collected

Columbia, Richland County, South Carolina, United States, North and Central America

Place depicted

Spartanburg, South Carolina, United States, North and Central America

Date

June 7, 2011

Description

The oral history consists of three digital files: 2011.174.24.1a, 2011.174.24.1b, and 2011.174.24.1c.

The Hon. Matthew J. Perry, Jr. [August 3, 1921-July 29, 2011] (At the time of the interview, he was still hearing cases for the United States District Court for the District of South Carolina, after taking senior status in 1995.) recalls serving in the military during World War II, and experiencing discrimination during the war. He remembers watching a trial that inspired him to go to the newly formed law school at South Carolina State College. He discusses his start as a trial lawyer in Spartanburg, South Carolina, the famous civil rights cases he argued, joining the NAACP Legal Defense Fund, and his admiration for the African American lawyers who mentored him.

LOC ID: afc2010039_crhp0024

Topic

African American

American South

Associations and institutions

Civil Rights

Education

Law

Military

Race discrimination

Social reform

World War II

Credit Line

Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture in partnership with the American Folklife Center, Library of Congress

Object number

2011.174.24.1abc

Restrictions & Rights

© Smithsonian National Museum of African American History & Culture and The American Folklife Center, Library of Congress

See more items in

National Museum of African American History and Culture Collection

Collection title

Civil Rights History Project

Classification

Media Arts-Film and Video

Data Source

National Museum of African American History and Culture

Created by

Civil Rights History Project, American, founded 2009

Interview of

Moldovan, Alfred MD, American, born 1921

Interviewed by

Mosnier, Joseph Ph. D.

Subject of

United States Air Force, American, founded 1947

Medical Committee for Human Rights, American, founded 1964

Medium

digital

Dimensions

Duration: 00:58:31

Type

video recordings

oral histories

Place collected

New York City, New York, United States, North and Central America

Date

July 19, 2011

Description

The oral history consists of four digital files: 2011.174.36.1a, 2011.174.36.1b, 2011.174.36.1c, and 2011.174.36.1d.

Alfred Moldovan, MD remembers growing up in the Bronx and the influence of his parents, who were Jewish Hungarian immigrants. He recalls serving in the air force as a radio repairman during World War II and later attending medical school. He discusses founding the Medical Committee for Human Rights and traveling to the South to assist injured civil rights activists at events such as the Selma to Montgomery March.

LOC ID: afc2010039_crhp0036

Topic

African American

American South

Associations and institutions

Civil Rights

Education

Families

Medicine

Military

Race relations

United States--History--1961-1969

World War II

Credit Line

Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture in partnership with the American Folklife Center, Library of Congress

Object number

2011.174.36.1a-d

Restrictions & Rights

© Smithsonian National Museum of African American History & Culture and The American Folklife Center, Library of Congress

See more items in

National Museum of African American History and Culture Collection

Collection title

Civil Rights History Project

Classification

Media Arts-Film and Video

Data Source

National Museum of African American History and Culture

Created by

Civil Rights History Project, American, founded 2009

Interview of

Anderson, William G. D.O., American, born 1927

Interviewed by

Mosnier, Joseph Ph. D.

Subject of

United States Navy, American, founded 1775

Dr. King, Martin Luther Jr., American, 1929 - 1968

Rev. Abernathy, Ralph David, American, 1926 - 1990

Albany Movement, American, 1961 - 1962

Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee, American, 1960 - 1970s

Meet the Press, American, founded 1947

Pritchett, Laurie, American, 1926 - 2000

Medium

digital

Dimensions

Duration: 02:32:47

Type

video recordings

oral histories

Place collected

Detroit, Wayne County, Michigan, United States, North and Central America

Place depicted

Americus, Sumter County, Georgia, United States, North and Central America

Albany, Dougherty County, Georgia, United States, North and Central America

Date

July 26, 2011

Description

The oral history consists of six digital files: 2011.174.41.1a, 2011.174.41.1b, 2011.174.41.1c, 2011.174.41.1d, 2011.174.41.1e, and 2011.174.41.1f.

William Anderson, D.O. recalls growing up in Americus, Georgia, serving in the navy during World War II, and his friendships with the Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., and the Rev. Ralph D. Abernathy. He remembers opening his osteopath practice in Albany, Georgia, becoming a leader of the Albany Movement, and supporting protesters from the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC). He discusses his several arrests with King and Abernathy, appearing on Meet the Press, the closing of all public facilities in Albany, and his later friendship with Sheriff Laurie Pritchett.

LOC ID: afc2010039_crhp0041

Topic

African American

Activism

American South

Associations and institutions

Civil Rights

Medicine

Military

Social reform

United States--History--1961-1969

World War II

Credit Line

Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture in partnership with the American Folklife Center, Library of Congress

Object number

2011.174.41.1a-f

Restrictions & Rights

© Smithsonian National Museum of African American History & Culture and The American Folklife Center, Library of Congress

See more items in

National Museum of African American History and Culture Collection

Collection title

Civil Rights History Project

Classification

Media Arts-Film and Video

Data Source

National Museum of African American History and Culture

Created by

Civil Rights History Project, American, founded 2009

Interview of

Hayling, Robert Bagner D.D., American, 1929 - 2015

Interviewed by

Mosnier, Joseph Ph. D.

Subject of

United States Air Force, American, founded 1947

Meharry Medical College School of Dentistry, American, founded 1884

NAACP Youth Council, American, founded 1936

Ku Klux Klan, 3rd, American, founded 1946

National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, American, founded 1909

Southern Christian Leadership Conference, American, founded 1957

Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee, American, 1960 - 1970s

Medium

digital

Dimensions

Duration: 01:54:48

Type

video recordings

oral histories

Place collected

Saint Augustine, Saint Johns, Florida, United States, North and Central America

Nashville, Davidson County, Tennessee, United States, North and Central America

Place depicted

Cocoa, Brevard County, Florida, United States, North and Central America

Date

September 14, 2011

Description

The oral history consists of six digital files: 2011.174.48.1a, 2011.174.48.1b, 2011.174.48.1c, 2011.174.48.1d, 2011.174.48.1e, and 2011.174.48.1f.

Robert Hayling, D.D recalls serving in the air force during World War II, attending the Meharry Dental School, and participating in civil rights protests in Nashville, Tennessee. He remembers starting his dental practice in St. Augustine, Florida, leading the local National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) youth group, and the exclusion of African Americans from St. Augustine's 400th anniversary celebration, and being attacked by the Ku Klux Klan. He also discusses resigning from the NAACP, the support of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) and the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) for local protests, and his move to Cocoa, Florida.

LOC ID: afc2010039_crhp0048

Topic

African American

Activism

American South

Associations and institutions

Civil Rights

Hate crimes

Medicine

Military

Race discrimination

Social reform

World War II

Credit Line

Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture in partnership with the American Folklife Center, Library of Congress

Object number

2011.174.48.1a-f

Restrictions & Rights

© Smithsonian National Museum of African American History & Culture and The American Folklife Center, Library of Congress

See more items in

National Museum of African American History and Culture Collection

Collection title

Civil Rights History Project

Classification

Media Arts-Film and Video

Data Source

National Museum of African American History and Culture

Created by

Civil Rights History Project, American, founded 2009

Interview of

Strickland, William Lamar Ph. D., American, born 1937

Interviewed by

Mosnier, Joseph Ph. D.

Subject of

Boston Latin School, American, founded 1635

Harvard University, American, founded 1636

United States Marine Corps, American, founded 1775

X, Malcolm, American, 1925 - 1965

Northern Student Movement, American, founded 1961

Harding, Vincent Ph. D., American, 1931 - 2014

Medium

digital

Dimensions

Duration: 02:09:32

Type

video recordings

oral histories

Place collected

Amherst, Hampshire County, Massachusetts, United States, North and Central America

Place depicted

Boston, Suffolk County, Massachusetts, United States, North and Central America

Date

September 23, 2011

Description

The oral history consists of two digital files: 2011.174.58.1a and 2011.174.58.1b.

William Strickland, Ph. D. recalls growing up in Boston, Massachusetts, attending Boston Latin High School and Harvard University, and serving as a Marine. He remembers his friendship with Malcolm X, joining the Northern Student Movement, and his work with Vincent Harding and the Institute of the Black World. He also discusses the current research on Malcolm X and his opinions on politics.

LOC ID: afc2010039_crhp0055

Topic

African American

Activism

Associations and institutions

Civil Rights

Education

Military

Politics (Practical)

Social reform

United States--History--1953-1961

United States--History--1961-1969

Credit Line

Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture in partnership with the American Folklife Center, Library of Congress

Object number

2011.174.55.1ab

Restrictions & Rights

© Smithsonian National Museum of African American History & Culture and The American Folklife Center, Library of Congress

See more items in

National Museum of African American History and Culture Collection

Collection title

Civil Rights History Project

Classification

Media Arts-Film and Video

Data Source

National Museum of African American History and Culture

Created by

Civil Rights History Project, American, founded 2009

Interview of

Nell Sales, Ruby, American, born 1948

Interviewed by

Mosnier, Joseph Ph. D.

Subject of

Tuskegee Institute, American, founded 1881

Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee, American, 1960 - 1970s

Daniels, Jonathan Myrick

Medium

digital

Dimensions

Duration: 01:32:09

Type

video recordings

oral histories

Place collected

Atlanta, Fulton County, Georgia, United States, North and Central America

Place depicted

Columbus, Muscogee County, Georgia, United States, North and Central America

Hayneville, Lowndes County, Alabama, United States, North and Central America

Date

April 25, 2011

Description

The oral history consists of ten digital files: 2011.174.7.1a, 2011.174.7.1b, 2011.174.7.1c, 2011.174.7.1d, 2011.174.7.1e, 2011.174.7.1f, 2011.174.7.1g, 2011.174.7.1h, 2011.174.7.1i, and 2011.174.7.1j.

Ruby Sales discusses her father's military career, growing up in Columbus, Georgia, and attending the Tuskegee Institute. Her father was a Baptist minister and grew up in a racist and segregated society. Her grandmother was either born into slavery or right after it, and learned to read and write. She recalls joining the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC), the Selma to Montgomery March, registering voters in Lowndes County, Alabama, and her arrest in Hayneville, Alabama. She remembers the murder of Jonathan Daniels, a seminary student who saved her life, and discusses her opinions on African American history and the current rate of African Americans in prison.

LOC ID: afc2010039_crhp0007

Topic

African American

Activism

American South

Associations and institutions

Civil Rights

Justice

Military

Politics (Practical)

Prisons

Religion

Segregation

Slavery

Social reform

Suffrage

Tuskegee Airmen

United States--History--1961-1969

Credit Line

Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture in partnership with the American Folklife Center, Library of Congress

Object number

2011.174.7.1a-j

Restrictions & Rights

© Smithsonian National Museum of African American History & Culture and The American Folklife Center, Library of Congress

See more items in

National Museum of African American History and Culture Collection

Collection title

Civil Rights History Project

Classification

Media Arts-Film and Video

Data Source

National Museum of African American History and Culture

Created by

Civil Rights History Project, American, founded 2009

Interview of

Dr. Geiger, H. Jack, American, born 1926

Interviewed by

Dittmer, John Ph. D., American, born 1939

Subject of

Medical Committee for Human Rights, American, founded 1964

Lee, Canada, American, 1907 - 1952

University of Wisconsin-Madison, American, founded 1848

United States Merchant Marine, American, founded 1775

Congress of Racial Equality, American, founded 1942

American Veterans Committee, American, 1943 - 2008

Case Western Reserve University, American, founded 1826

Tufts-Delta Health Center, American, founded 1965

Medium

digital

Dimensions

Duration: 03:31:47

Type

video recordings

oral histories

Place collected

New York City, New York, United States, North and Central America

Place depicted

Madison, Dane County, Wisconsin, United States, North and Central America

Chicago, Cook County, Illinois, United States, North and Central America

South Africa, Africa

Date

March 16, 2013

Description

The oral history consists of ten digital files: 2011.174.76.1a, 2011.174.76.1b, 2011.174.76.1c, 2011.174.76.1d, 2011.174.76.1e, 2011.174.76.1f, 2011.174.76.1g, and 2011.174.76.1h, 2011.174.76.1i, and 2011.174.76.1j.

Dr. Jack Geiger, (MD, MSciHyg) discusses his early life experiences and how he came to be a leading figure in the Medical Committee for Human Rights. He describes his childhood in New York City, where he found a mentor in actor Canada Lee, his college experience at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, and his time as a U.S. Merchant Marine. He discusses his involvement in the Congress of Racial Equality and the American Veterans Committee in Chicago during the late 1940s. While attending medical school at Case Western Reserve University, Geiger's interest in community-centered health grew, especially after a trip to South Africa. He eventually volunteered as a medical professional in Mississippi, where he helped to establish the Tufts-Delta Health Center in 1965.

LOC ID: afc2010039_crhp0076

Topic

African American

Activism

American South

Associations and institutions

Civil Rights

Education

Entertainers

Medicine

Military

Social reform

United States--History--1961-1969

Credit Line

Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture in partnership with the American Folklife Center, Library of Congress

Object number

2011.174.76.1a-j

Restrictions & Rights

© Smithsonian National Museum of African American History & Culture and The American Folklife Center, Library of Congress

See more items in

National Museum of African American History and Culture Collection

Collection title

Civil Rights History Project

Classification

Media Arts-Film and Video

Data Source

National Museum of African American History and Culture

Created by

Civil Rights History Project, American, founded 2009

Interview of

Caldwell, Ben R., American

Interviewed by

Cline, David P. Ph. D., American, born 1969

Subject of

L.A. Rebellion, American, 1967 - 1989

University of California, Los Angeles, American, founded 1919

Medium

digital

Dimensions

Duration: 02:07:24

Type

video recordings

oral histories

Place collected

Los Angeles, California, United States, North and Central America

Place depicted

New Mexico, United States, North and Central America

Date

April 11, 2013

Description

The oral history consists of six digital files: 2011.174.77.1a, 2011.174.77.1b, 2011.174.77.1c, 2011.174.77.1d, 2011.174.77.1e, and 2011.174.77.1f.

Ben Caldwell shares his family's history in the Southwest and his childhood experience in New Mexico. Caldwell describes his military service during the Vietnam War and how his experiences made him reflect on racial prejudices in the United States. He began studying art, and he eventually moved to Los Angeles, where he has been part of a black arts movement since the 1970s. He discusses the L.A. Rebellion, a collective of black filmmakers from UCLA, as well as various art projects in which he has been involved and documentary films he has produced.

LOC ID: afc2010039_crhp0077

Topic

African American

Activism

American West

Art

Associations and institutions

Civil Rights

Education

Film

Military

Social reform

United States--History--1969-2001

Vietnam War, 1961-1975

Credit Line

Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture in partnership with the American Folklife Center, Library of Congress

Object number

2011.174.77.1a-f

Restrictions & Rights

© Smithsonian National Museum of African American History & Culture and The American Folklife Center, Library of Congress

See more items in

National Museum of African American History and Culture Collection

Collection title

Civil Rights History Project

Classification

Media Arts-Film and Video

Data Source

National Museum of African American History and Culture