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  • Topic
    • Activism 29 [-]
    • Young Lords Movement 25 [-]
    • Decolonization 24 [-]
    • Political organizations 24 [-]
    • Politics 23 [-]
    • U.S. History, 1969-2001 18 [-]
    • Resistance 11 [-]
    • Communities 9 [-]
    • Multilingual communication 9 [-]
    • Justice 7 [-]
    • African American - Latinx Solidarity 5 [-]
    • Photography 5 [-]
    • Urban life 5 [-]
    • Education 4 [-]
    • Group identity 4 [-]
    • Prisons 4 [-]
    • Social reform 4 [-]
    • Black power 3 [-]
    • Colonies 3 [-]
    • Jazz (Music) 3 [-]
    • Nuyorican Movement 3 [-]
    • Poverty 3 [-]
    • Race relations 3 [-]
    • Singers (Musicians) 3 [-]
    • Slavery 3 [-]
    • Spanish colonialism 3 [-]
    • Housing 2 [-]
    • Instrumentalists (Musicians) 2 [-]
    • Labor unions 2 [-]
    • Latin jazz (Music) 2 [-]
    • Nightlife 2 [-]
    • Poor People's Campaign 2 [-]
    • Salsa (Music) 2 [-]
    • Suffrage 2 [-]
    • U.S. History, 1961-1969 2 [-]
    • Violence 2 [-]
    • Agriculture 1 [-]
    • Athletes 1 [-]
    • Children 1 [-]
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    • Dance 1 [-]
    • Dinners and dining 1 [-]
    • Discrimination 1 [-]
    • Finance 1 [-]
    • Freedom 1 [-]
    • Funeral rites and ceremonies 1 [-]
    • Funk (Music) 1 [-]
    • Gesture 1 [-]
    • Graphic arts 1 [-]
    • Health 1 [-]
    • Humanitarianism 1 [-]
    • International affairs 1 [-]
    • Law 1 [-]
    • Mass media 1 [-]
    • Men 1 [-]
    • Migrations 1 [-]
    • Military 1 [-]
    • Music 1 [-]
    • Poetry 1 [-]
    • Race 1 [-]
    • Religion 1 [-]
    • Religious groups 1 [-]
    • Rock and roll (Music) 1 [-]
    • Soul (Music) 1 [-]
    • Spanish-American War (1898) 1 [-]
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    • Track and field 1 [-]
    • Vietnam War, 1961-1975 1 [-]
    • Women 1 [-]
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  • Name
    • Young Lords Party 26 [-]
    • Palante 6 [-]
    • Maristany, Hiram 5 [-]
    • Puerto Rican Nationalist Party 5 [-]
    • Black Panther Party 4 [-]
    • Oliver, Denise 3 [-]
    • Rose, Jesse Steve 3 [-]
    • Campos, Pedro Albizu 2 [-]
    • Colón, William 2 [-]
    • Feliciano, Carlos 2 [-]
    • Freedman, Jill 2 [-]
    • Guzmán, Pablo 2 [-]
    • Jimenez, Jose Cha Cha 2 [-]
    • Luciano, Felipe 2 [-]
    • Miranda, Ismael 2 [-]
    • Poor People's Campaign 2 [-]
    • Puerto Rican Student Union 2 [-]
    • Roldán, Julio 2 [-]
    • Aponte, Carlos 1 [-]
    • Bastian, Eddie 1 [-]
    • Betancourt, Justo 1 [-]
    • Bird, Joan 1 [-]
    • Boward, Walter Howard 1 [-]
    • Cobham, Billy 1 [-]
    • Columbia University 1 [-]
    • Communist Party of the United States of America 1 [-]
    • Davila, Anibal 1 [-]
    • DeGraffe, Luis 1 [-]
    • Diaz, Jose 1 [-]
    • El Gran Combo de Puerto Rico 1 [-]
    • Fania All Stars 1 [-]
    • Fania Records, Inc. 1 [-]
    • Flores, Herman 1 [-]
    • Garcia, Georgie 1 [-]
    • Gonzalez, Gloria 1 [-]
    • González, Juan 1 [-]
    • Hammer, Jan 1 [-]
    • Hewitt, Raymond Masai 1 [-]
    • Hilliard, David 1 [-]
    • Hunter College 1 [-]
    • International Union of Operating Engineers Local 137 1 [-]
    • Keating, Edward M. 1 [-]
    • Kennedy, Robert Francis 1 [-]
    • Lavoe, Héctor 1 [-]
    • Leavitt, Raphy 1 [-]
    • Lemus, Georgie 1 [-]
    • Lewis, Carl 1 [-]
    • Machito 1 [-]
    • Machito and Graciela 1 [-]
    • Manu Dibango 1 [-]
    • Moore, Raymond Lavon 1 [-]
    • N.G. Slater Corp. 1 [-]
    • Ortiz, Juan Fi 1 [-]
    • Pacheco, Johnny 1 [-]
    • Palmieri, Eddie 1 [-]
    • Pan American Sports Organization 1 [-]
    • Perez, David 1 [-]
    • Ramparts 1 [-]
    • Rey, Fausto 1 [-]
    • Rosa, Tony 1 [-]
    • Rosario, Charlie 1 [-]
    • Rudd, Mark 1 [-]
    • Santamaría Rodríguez, Ramón 1 [-]
    • Santana, Jorge 1 [-]
    • Seale, Bobby 1 [-]
    • The East Village Other 1 [-]
    • Thomas, Hannibal 1 [-]
    • Torres, Gabriel 1 [-]
    • Turco, Arthur F. 1 [-]
    • Típica 73 1 [-]
    • United Spanish War Veterans 1 [-]
    • Viera, Rafael 1 [-]
    • Young Communist League 1 [-]
    • Zapata, Emiliano 1 [-]
    Search More Names
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  • Object Type
    • Photographs 10 [-]
    • Newspapers 8 [-]
    • Buttons (information artifacts) 7 [-]
    • Fliers (printed matter) 4 [-]
    • Portraits 4 [-]
    • Forms (documents) 3 [-]
    • Medals 2 [-]
    • Magazines (periodicals) 1 [-]
    • Pamphlets 1 [-]
    • Phonograph records 1 [-]
    • Political posters 1 [-]
    • Posters 1 [-]
    • Record covers 1 [-]
    • schedules (time plans) 1 [-]
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  • Date
    • 1860s 1 [-]
    • 1870s 2 [-]
    • 1900s 1 [-]
    • 1960s 12 [-]
    • 1970s 30 [-]
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  • Place
    • North and Central America 41 [-]
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    • Caribbean 40 [-]
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    • Moscow 1 [-]
    • Newark 1 [-]
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    • Ponce 1 [-]
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    • Tompkins Park 1 [-]
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  • On View
    • Yes 2 [-]
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  • Media Type
    • Maps 5 [-]
    • Images 29 [-]
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  • Open Access (CC0)
    • Yes 3 [-]
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    Included:
  • place: "Puerto Rico"
Your search found 41 result(s).
Print
  • Flier advertising an Anti-Facism Rally

    Created by
    Unidentified
    Subject of
    Bird, Joan, American, born 1949
    Hilliard, David, American, born 1942
    Jimenez, Jose Cha Cha, born 1948
    Hewitt, Raymond Masai, American, 1942 - 1988
    Rudd, Mark, American, born 1947
    Thomas, Hannibal, American, born 1947
    Turco, Arthur F. Jr., American, born 1943
    Black Panther Party, American, 1966 - 1982
    Young Lords Party, American, founded 1969
    Date
    1968
    Medium
    ink on paper
    Dimensions
    H x W (Sheet): 11 × 8 1/2 in. (27.9 × 21.6 cm)
    Description
    A flier advertising an anti-fascism rally. The flier is white with black typewritten text and features a black-and-white picture of Joan Bird after she was beaten by police. The flier reads [CAPITALISM + RACISM = FASCISM / COME AND HEAR / David Hilliard / Chief of Staff BPP / Ray Maasai Hewitt / Central Committee BPP / Cha Cha Jimenez / Chairman of Young Lords / Mark Rudd SDS / Hannibal Thomas Harlem 5 / Arthur Turco Attorney / Citywide Welfare Rights Groups / FREE THE PANTHERS / FREE FOOD / BAR-B-Q / POTATO SALAD / PUNCH / ENTERTAINMENT / POETRY--MUSIC--DANCERS / SUNDAY JUNE 15th 1:00PM / MOUNT MORRIS PARK, 5th AVE and 124nd ST. / FREE!!! NO CHARGE!!! FREE!!!]. The caption under the photograph reads [JOAN BIRD, BRUTALIZED AND ORTURED BY THE PIGS / AT THE TIME OF HER ARREST / Fascism will breed nothing but more fascism / unless the people are organized in one united / front. / The people and the people alone are the / motive force in the making of world history.] The back of the flier is blank except for the stamp that reads [JUN 1968].
    Place used
    Harlem, New York City, New York, United States, North and Central America
    Cultural Place
    Puerto Rico, United States, Caribbean, Latin America, North and Central America
    Classification
    Memorabilia and Ephemera-Political and Activist Ephemera
    Movement
    African American - Latinx Solidarity
    Young Lords Movement
    Type
    fliers (printed matter)
    Topic
    Activism
    Black power
    Dance
    Foodways
    Justice
    Music
    Poetry
    Race discrimination
    Urban life
    Violence
    Credit Line
    Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture
    Object number
    2015.97.27.211
    Restrictions & Rights
    Public domain
    Usage
    Not determined
    GUID
    http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/fd5e36cce7e-4eb4-4e72-918b-8489056886f6
  • Latin-Soul-Rock

    Recorded by
    Fania All Stars, founded 1968
    Published by
    Fania Records, Inc., founded 1964
    Recorded by
    Pacheco, Johnny, Dominican, born 1935
    Manu Dibango, Cameroonian, 1933 - 2020
    Betancourt, Justo, Cuban, born 1940
    Colón, William, American, born 1950
    Miranda, Ismael, Puerto Rican, born 1950
    Mongo Santamaría, Cuban American, 1917 - 2003
    Santana, Jorge, Mexican American, 1951 - 2020
    Hammer, Jan, Czechoslovakian American, born 1948
    Cobham, Billy, Panamanian American, born 1944
    Date
    1973; published 1974
    Medium
    vinyl and cardboard, with ink on paper (fiber product)
    Description
    A record album with the title "Fania All Stars Latin-Soul-Rock." The album consists of a single vinyl (2015.195.1a), which features a green-and-brown label with a notched center hole. The top half of the label has the words [FANIA / FANIA ALL STARS / LATIN—SOUL—ROCK]. The bottom half of the label lists the songs as well as their respective artists and track length. Side A features songs such as “Viva Tirado,” “Chanchullo,” “Smoke,” “There You Go,” and “Mama Guela;” while Side B lists songs such as “El Raton,” “Soul Makossa” and “Congo Bongo.”
    An album jacket (2015.195.1b) accompanies the vinyl record. The front cover of the album jacket is black, with white writings. On the top, [FANIA ALL STARS / latin ~ soul ~ rock / How It Was! How It Ended! How It Was Going To Be!] is printed. Below, there is a collage of 13 photographs of performances. Inside the album jacket is white and features a New York Post article entitled “‘Our Latin Thing’ Draws 40, 000.” The second page has a six grayscale photographs of performances. [Live at Yankee Stadium, Aug. 24, 1973] is printed in white letters. Below, there is a large color photograph of a performance; a smaller photograph is embedded in the bottom right-hand corner of the larger photo.
    Some of the persons credited in the production and distribution of this album include: Pete "Conde" Rodriguez, Paquito Navarro, Cheo Feliciano, Santos Colon, Ismael Quintana, Hector Colon, Dick Sugar, Bobby Cruz, Ray Barretto, Larry Harlow, Roberto Roena, Jerry Masucci, Edmund Newton, Bobby Valentin, Lee Marshall, Tom Monaster and Ron Levine.
    Place made
    Bronx, Bronx, New York, United States, North and Central America
    Puerto Rico, United States, North and Central America
    Classification
    Media Arts-Audio Recordings
    Type
    record covers
    long-playing records
    Topic
    Funk (Music)
    Instrumentalists (Musicians)
    Jazz (Music)
    Rock and roll (Music)
    Salsa (Music)
    Singers (Musicians)
    Soul (Music)
    Credit Line
    Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture
    Object number
    2015.195.1ab
    Restrictions & Rights
    © 1974 Fania Records. Permission required for use.
    Usage
    Usage conditions apply
    GUID
    http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/fd5613c4a9e-8bea-4e09-82c5-4cc7b1c517eb
  • Descripton of the Department of Black and Puerto Rican Studies at Hunter College

    Created by
    Hunter College, American, founded 1870
    Date
    1972
    Medium
    ink on paper
    Dimensions
    H x W (Sheet): 11 × 8 1/2 in. (27.9 × 21.6 cm)
    Description
    A document outlining the requirements for a major in Black and Puerto Rican Studies produced by the Department of Black and Puerto Rican Studies at Hunter College. The document consists of two pages, with typewritten text in black ink on the front of each page only. Text at the top reads [HUNTER COLLEGE OF THE CITY UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK / DEPARTMENT OF BLACK AND PUERTO RICAN STUDIES] followed by [Major in Black and Puerto Rican Studies], underlined. The content of the document is divided into several sections for [Basic Courses], [The Major in Black and Puerto Rican Studies], [Economic (sic) and Politics], [History and Sociology], [Literature, Language and Culture], [Third World and General Courses]. On the bottom of the second page is a handwritten note that reads, [JULY 1972].
    Place used
    New York City, New York, United States, North and Central America
    Place depicted
    Africa
    Puerto Rico, United States, Caribbean, Latin America, North and Central America
    Classification
    Memorabilia and Ephemera-Political and Activist Ephemera
    Movement
    Nuyorican Movement
    Type
    fliers (printed matter)
    Topic
    Black power
    Education
    Credit Line
    Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture
    Object number
    2015.97.27.157
    Restrictions & Rights
    No Known Copyright Restrictions
    Usage
    Not determined
    GUID
    http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/fd5114d90d3-b184-411d-b718-203687907074
  • Flyer advertising a concert featuring Raphy Leavitt y La Selecta

    Created by
    Unidentified
    Subject of
    Leavitt, Raphy, Puerto Rican, 1948 - 2015
    Palmieri, Eddie, American, born 1936
    Miranda, Ismael, Puerto Rican, born 1950
    Machito and Graciela, Cuban American, 1944 - 1975
    Machito, Cuban American, 1908 - 1984
    Típica 73, American, 1973 - 1982
    Date
    1972
    Medium
    ink on paper
    Dimensions
    H x W (Sheet): 11 × 8 1/2 in. (27.9 × 21.6 cm)
    Description
    This flyer advertises a concert featuring Raphy Leavitt y La Selecta. The flyer is pink with black white and orange text and features photographs of Eddie Palmieri, La Selecta, Ismael Miranda, Machito & Graciela, and La Tipicia 73. The flyer reads [ACT 1 / The most / beautiful / room in the world / PROUDLY PRESENTS / DIRECT FROM / PUERTO RICO / RAPHY LEAVITT / Y LA SELECTA / ONE NIGHT / ONLY / SUNDAY, OCTOBER 22 VETERANS DAY EVE 5PM-4AM / FEATURING / EDDIE PALMIERI / RAPHY LEAVITT Y LA SELECTA]. Below the photographs, text reads [EXTRA ADDED ATTRACTION / GEORGE VIDAL and his "AFRO-CUBAN REVUE"]. The back of the flyer is blank except for the text written in the bottom right corner that reads [OCT 22, 1972].
    Place used
    New York City, Bronx County, New York, United States, North and Central America
    Cultural Place
    Puerto Rico, United States, Caribbean, Latin America, North and Central America
    Cuba, Caribbean, Latin America, North and Central America
    Classification
    Memorabilia and Ephemera-Political and Activist Ephemera
    Movement
    Nuyorican Movement
    Type
    fliers (printed matter)
    Topic
    Communities
    Jazz (Music)
    Latin jazz (Music)
    Nightlife
    Singers (Musicians)
    Credit Line
    Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture
    Object number
    2015.97.27.281
    Restrictions & Rights
    Unknown - Restrictions Possible
    Usage
    Usage conditions apply
    GUID
    http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/fd5fe72034e-5a3f-4a00-aded-12c0295a8216
  • Schedule of courses for Black and Puerto Rican Studies

    Created by
    Unidentified
    Date
    July 1972
    Medium
    ink on paper
    Dimensions
    H x W (Sheet): 11 × 8 1/2 in. (27.9 × 21.6 cm)
    Description
    A mimeographed document with the Schedule of Courses for fall 1972 semester, issued by the Department of Black and Puerto Rican studies at Hunter College. The schedule is on white paper with purple typewritten text that reads, [DEPARTMENT OF BLACK AND PUERTO RICAN STUDIES / SCHEDULE OF COURSES - FALL '72 / EVENING SESSIONS / 29 101 Swahili 1 M 7:40-845 W 7:20-8:45 Kassamali / 29 104 Swahili 4 M 5:30-6:30 W 5:50-7:10 Kassamali / 29 201 African History M 5:30-6:30 W 5:40-7:10 Clarke / 29 204 African World of the 20th Cent. T 7:40-8:45 Th 7:20-8:45 Fierce / 29 206 Afro-American Literature...]. Handwritten on the bottom right is the date, [July 1972]. The back is blank.
    Place depicted
    Africa
    Puerto Rico, United States, Caribbean, Latin America, North and Central America
    Classification
    Memorabilia and Ephemera-Political and Activist Ephemera
    Movement
    Nuyorican Movement
    African American - Latinx Solidarity
    Type
    schedules (time plans)
    Topic
    Black power
    Education
    Credit Line
    Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture
    Object number
    2015.97.27.160
    Restrictions & Rights
    No Known Copyright Restrictions
    Usage
    Not determined
    GUID
    http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/fd52ea222d1-2ac7-412d-af76-129551072752
  • Flier advertising concert featuring Willie Colon, Eddie Bastian and Hector Lavoe

    Designed by
    Rosario, Charlie, American
    Subject of
    El Gran Combo de Puerto Rico, Puerto Rican, founded 1962
    Colón, William, American, born 1950
    Lavoe, Héctor, Puerto Rican, 1946 - 1993
    Rey, Fausto, Dominican, born 1951
    Bastian, Eddie, Dominican
    Date
    1972
    Medium
    ink on paper
    Dimensions
    H x W (Sheet): 11 × 8 1/2 in. (27.9 × 21.6 cm)
    Description
    This flier advertises a concert featuring Willie Colon, Hector Lavoe and Eddie Bastian from the El Gran Combo de Puerto Rico. The flier is white with green and red text. The flier reads [EL GRAN COMBO / DIRECT FROM PUERTO RICO / SATURDAY SEPTEMBER 23 / AT THE FABULOUS / TROCADERO BALLROOM / 179 DYCKMAN STREET / WEST MANHATTAN--UPTOWN / WILLIE COLON / And His Orchestra / featuring Hector La Voe / EDDIE BASTIAN / and His 12 Piece Band / from Santo Domingo / EXTRA ADDED ATTRACTION / FAUSTO REY / CONINUOUS MUSIC FROM 9 P.M. TO 4 A.M. / FOR INFORMAITON AND RESERVATION PLEASE CALL / 454-3530 or LO 9-0700 / ESTA POR EL LIBRO / poster design/ charlie rosario]. On the left of the flier is a large illustrated book with a green cover and illustrations of men and women's faces in orange. The back of the flier is blank except for the text written at the bottom that reads [SEPT 1972].
    Place used
    New York City, New York, United States, North and Central America
    Cultural Place
    Puerto Rico, United States, Caribbean, Latin America, North and Central America
    Dominican Republic, Caribbean, Latin America, North and Central America
    Classification
    Memorabilia and Ephemera-Political and Activist Ephemera
    Type
    fliers (printed matter)
    Topic
    Instrumentalists (Musicians)
    Jazz (Music)
    Latin jazz (Music)
    Nightlife
    Salsa (Music)
    Singers (Musicians)
    Credit Line
    Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture
    Object number
    2015.97.27.279
    Restrictions & Rights
    Unknown - Restrictions Possible
    Usage
    Usage conditions apply
    GUID
    http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/fd54e2be35e-5378-4d5b-9da6-e41f13f17693
  • Resurrection City: Untitled

    Photograph by
    Freedman, Jill, American, born 1939
    Subject of
    Poor People's Campaign, American, 1967 - 1968
    Unidentified Man or Men
    Senator Robert F. Kennedy, American, 1925 - 1968
    Date
    1968; printed September 2017
    Medium
    silver and photographic gelatin and photographic paper
    Dimensions
    H x W (Image): 12 15/16 × 9 in. (32.8 × 22.9 cm)
    H x W (Sheet): 14 × 10 7/8 in. (35.5 × 27.7 cm)
    Description
    A silver gelatin print depicting a black-and-white image of a man wearing a shirt and tie and smoking a cigarette. The man wears his jacket over his head. A partially obstructed pinback button attached to his shirt or jacket reads [WE MOURN OUR LOSS / 1925 / 1968 / ROBERT F. KENNEDY] with an image of Kennedy appearing at center. The man holds a small flag of Puerto Rico in his right hand. The print is signed on the back in graphite [Jill Freedman].
    Place captured
    Washington, District of Columbia, United States, North and Central America
    Place depicted
    Puerto Rico, United States, Caribbean, Latin America, North and Central America
    Portfolio/Series
    Resurrection City
    Classification
    Media Arts-Photography
    Movement
    African American - Latinx Solidarity
    Poor People's Campaign
    Type
    gelatin silver prints
    portraits
    Topic
    Activism
    Local and regional
    Politics
    Poverty
    Race relations
    U.S. History, 1961-1969
    Credit Line
    Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture
    Object number
    2017.81.6
    Restrictions & Rights
    © Jill Freedman
    Usage
    Usage conditions apply
    GUID
    http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/fd59d5b8038-3200-4dad-a3ad-7dd694ec505f
  • CC0 Creative Commons - No Rights Reserved icon

    Young Lords Party: Health, Food, Housing, Education

    Created by
    Young Lords Party, American, founded 1969
    Designed by
    Unidentified
    Date
    ca. 1971
    Medium
    ink on paper
    Dimensions
    H x W: 28 × 17 3/4 in. (71.1 × 45.1 cm)
    Description
    A Young Lords Party poster. The poster has a black background with white text and a graphic of four purple automatic rifles. Across the top center of the poster, white text reads: [Young Lords Party]. Below the text, the four purple automatic rifles are pictured in a vertical stack. The rifles are oriented horizontally and each rifle has text, in white, across the forestock reading [Health] on the top rifle, [Food] on the second, [Housing] on the third, and [Education] on the bottom. The word [Struggle] is featured in gray text on the magazine of each rifle. In the top right corner of the poster is a logo for the Young Lords Party. The logo is a circle with the Puerto Rican flag in the background and an automatic rifle at center. The letters [YLP] are across the bottom of the logo. The back of the poster is blank.
    Place printed
    New York City, New York, United States, North and Central America
    Cultural Place
    Puerto Rico, United States, Caribbean, Latin America, North and Central America
    Classification
    Memorabilia and Ephemera-Political and Activist Ephemera
    Movement
    Young Lords Movement
    Type
    political posters
    Topic
    Activism
    Communities
    Education
    Graphic design
    Health
    Housing
    Identity
    Political organizations
    Resistance
    Social reform
    U.S. History, 1969-2001
    Urban life
    Credit Line
    Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture purchased with funds provided by the Latino Initiatives Pool
    Object number
    2018.35.3
    Restrictions & Rights
    Public domain
    Usage
    CC0
    GUID
    http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/fd54abfe8b9-a9e2-45a2-915c-f5e70dd6e151
  • Liberate Puerto Rico Now!

    Created by
    Young Lords Party, American, founded 1969
    Subject of
    Columbia University, American, founded 1754
    Puerto Rican Student Union, American, 1969 - 1976
    Date
    1970
    Medium
    ink on paper (fiber product)
    Dimensions
    H x W: 29 × 20 1/4 in. (73.7 × 51.4 cm)
    Title
    Poster for a Young Lords Party student conference
    Caption
    Spearheaded by the Young Lords Party and the Puerto Rican Student Union, this two-day conference included lectures and workshops about Puerto Rican independence, education, unity among Latin Americans, the military, socialism, and other topics related to empowering Puerto Ricans in the United States. The event culminated in a march to Plaza Borinquena in the South Bronx to commemorate El Grito de Lares, the first major revolt against Spanish rule in Puerto Rico in 1868. The two-day conference was attended by 1,000 individuals.
    Description
    This poster shows a central figure silhouetted in black holding a rifle in one hand. Their other hand is raised towards the sky with a clenched fist. The figure stands on a red map of Puerto Rico. The heading on the poster reads: [LIBERATE PUERTO RICO NOW!] in red. The left side of the poster reads [THE / YOUNG / LORDS / PARTY / CALLS FOR / A / CONFERENCE / OF ALL / PUERTO / RICAN / STUDENTS] in black. The event information continues on the right side of the poster which reads [At Columbia / University / On September / 22 and 23 / 9:00 AM / to:/ ] in large black text. Smaller black text below this reads: [Establish LIBERATE / PUERTO RICO NOW / committees] A final block of black text below this reads: [Mobilize for MASS / DEMONSTRATION / at United Nations / Building on Oct. / 30 DAY of JAYUYA].
    The lower right-hand corner of the poster has a YLP circular logo marked. To the left of this mark is another mark of the address of the Ministry of information for the Young Lords Party.
    Place used
    New York City, New York, United States, North and Central America
    Cultural Place
    Puerto Rico, United States, Caribbean, Latin America, North and Central America
    Jayuya, Puerto Rico, United States, Caribbean, Latin America, North and Central America
    Classification
    Memorabilia and Ephemera-Political and Activist Ephemera
    Movement
    Young Lords Movement
    Topic
    Activism
    Decolonization
    Education
    Identity
    Politics
    Resistance
    U.S. History, 1969-2001
    Youth
    Credit Line
    Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture
    Object number
    2019.28.23
    Restrictions & Rights
    Unknown - Restrictions Possible
    Usage
    Usage conditions apply
    GUID
    http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/fd5c0e6a054-8d31-4718-84e7-74c8d57659c3
  • Resurrection City: Untitled

    Photograph by
    Freedman, Jill, American, born 1939
    Subject of
    Poor People's Campaign, American, 1967 - 1968
    Unidentified Man or Men
    Date
    1968; printed September 2017
    Medium
    silver and photographic gelatin and photographic paper
    Dimensions
    H x W (Image): 8 5/8 × 12 15/16 in. (21.9 × 32.9 cm)
    H x W (Sheet): 10 7/8 × 14 in. (27.7 × 35.5 cm)
    Title
    Photograph of six men advocating for more and better housing
    Description
    A silver gelatin print depicting a black-and-white image of six men standing and looking towards the camera. Several of the men to the left of frame hold a sign that reads [Bridgeton N. J. / Want more better / housing]. The man third from the right wears a striped shirt and two pinback buttons, one with the image of JFK and the other reading [POOR PEOPLE'S CAMPAIGN / PUERTORRIQUEÑOS MARCHAN and carries the Puerto Rican flag in his pocket. The print is signed on the back in graphite [Jill Freedman].
    Place captured
    Washington, District of Columbia, United States, North and Central America
    Place depicted
    Bridgeton, Cumberland County, New Jersey, United States, North and Central America
    Puerto Rico, United States, Caribbean, Latin America, North and Central America
    Portfolio/Series
    Resurrection City
    Classification
    Media Arts-Photography
    Movement
    African American - Latinx Solidarity
    Poor People's Campaign
    Type
    gelatin silver prints
    portraits
    Topic
    Activism
    Agriculture
    Housing
    Labor
    Local and regional
    Migrations
    Politics
    Poverty
    U.S. History, 1961-1969
    Credit Line
    Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture
    Object number
    2017.81.15
    Restrictions & Rights
    © Jill Freedman
    Usage
    Usage conditions apply
    GUID
    http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/fd55ae48d39-6234-4bbb-85a3-325db737e717
  • El Young Lord, Volume 1, Number 5

    Published by
    Young Lords Party, American, founded 1969
    Subject of
    Campos, Pedro Albizu, Puerto Rican, 1891 - 1965
    Zapata, Emiliano, Mexican, 1879 - 1919
    Jimenez, Jose Cha Cha, born 1948
    Puerto Rican Nationalist Party, Puerto Rican, founded 1922
    Date
    July 2, 1971
    Medium
    ink on paper
    Dimensions
    H x W x D: 18 × 11 9/16 in. (45.7 × 29.4 cm)
    Description
    El Young Lord newspaper, volume 1, number 5 from July 2, 1971. The front cover of the newspaper has a dark plum colored, central rectangle covering the whole of the page. In the lower two-thirds of the cover is a drawn graphic of a profile portrait of Pedro Albizu Campos. The profile is stylized with dark areas and negative spaces creating the contours of the face. In the lower right corner is the artist's signature [ANTHONY]. Above the image in the upper left is black text in Spanish that reads: ["PARA QUITARNOS LA PATRIA / PRIMERO TIENEN QUE QUITARNOS / LA VIDA" / PEDRO ALBIZU CAMPOS / 1890-1965]. At the top is the mast head in black with white text that reads: [EL YOUNG LORD / LATIN LIBERATION NEWS SERVICE / OFFICIAL ORGAN OF THE YOUNG LORDS / PUBLISHED WEEKLY / VOLUME 1 NUMBER 5 / 25 CENTS / MINISTRY OF INFORMATION / BOX 5024 / MILWAUKEE WISCONSIN 53204]. On either side of the mast head are black, graphic depictions of two men, the man on the left is Albizu Campos and the man on the right is Emiliano Zapata]. In the upper right quadrant above the central portrait and below the mast head is a black and white image of Jose Cha Cha Jimenez. The paper consists of fifteen pages in both English and Spanish.
    Place depicted
    Puerto Rico, United States, Caribbean, Latin America, North and Central America
    Place made
    Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States, North and Central America
    Cultural Place
    Puerto Rico, United States, Caribbean, Latin America, North and Central America
    Classification
    Documents and Published Materials-Published Works
    Memorabilia and Ephemera-Political and Activist Ephemera
    Movement
    Young Lords Movement
    Type
    newspapers
    Topic
    Activism
    Decolonization
    Multilingual communication
    Political organizations
    Politics
    U.S. History, 1969-2001
    Credit Line
    Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture
    Object number
    2014.109.7.11
    Restrictions & Rights
    Unknown - Restrictions Possible
    Usage
    Usage conditions apply
    GUID
    http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/fd5647ecae7-f95f-474a-a136-45fc3c150860
  • Palante, Volume 4, Number 24

    Published by
    Young Lords Party, American, founded 1969
    Subject of
    Palante, 1970 - 1972
    Date
    November 8, 1972
    Medium
    ink on paper
    Dimensions
    H x W x D: 16 13/16 × 11 11/16 in. (42.7 × 29.7 cm)
    Description
    A copy of Palante newspaper, volume 4, number 24. One half of the paper reads one way and is all in Spanish, the other reads in the opposite direction and is in all English. The middle page, a layout of all different photographs with a Spanish and English caption that reads: [Nixon You Liar, Sign The Ceasefire!]. One of the covers features a photograph of protestors. In the middle of the crowd is a banner with hand-painted text in Spanish. Above the photograph, in the upper half of the page, is large block type that reads: [PEACE IN VIETNAM OR / MORE OF NIXON'S LIES? / (SEE page 2) / At Home / (SEE PAGE 3) / Thousands Marched on Nov. 4]. At the top is the masthead, outlined in black, with black type that reads: [Puerto Rican Revolutionary Workers Organization / PALANTE / 25 / cents / (YOUNG LORDS PARTY) / Vol. 4 No. 24 New York Nov. 8 - Nov. 21, 1972 Bi-Monthly]. The masthead features a silhouette of the Young Lords Party logo on the left side. The logo includes type that reads: [TENGO PUERTO RICO / EN MI / CORAZON / YLP]. The bottom is a rectangle listing the volume and number, featured article titles, publisher information and postage. The interior consists of twenty-three pages.
    Place made
    New York City, New York, United States, North and Central America
    Place depicted
    Puerto Rico, United States, Caribbean, Latin America, North and Central America
    Cultural Place
    Puerto Rico, United States, Caribbean, Latin America, North and Central America
    Classification
    Documents and Published Materials-Published Works
    Memorabilia and Ephemera-Political and Activist Ephemera
    Movement
    Young Lords Movement
    Type
    newspapers
    Topic
    Activism
    Decolonization
    Multilingual communication
    Political organizations
    Politics
    Resistance
    U.S. History, 1969-2001
    Vietnam War, 1961-1975
    Credit Line
    Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture
    Object number
    2014.109.7.18
    Restrictions & Rights
    Unknown - Restrictions Possible
    Usage
    Usage conditions apply
    GUID
    http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/fd501cebe1c-77d1-4420-bef0-409944a195f9
  • Pinback button for the People's Church / Iglesia De La Gente

    Manufactured by
    Unidentified
    Subject of
    Young Lords Party, American, founded 1969
    Date
    1969
    Medium
    ink on paper with metal and plastic
    Dimensions
    H x W x D: 1 3/4 × 1 3/4 × 3/8 in. (4.4 × 4.4 × 1 cm)
    Caption
    In 1969, The Young Lords Party occupied The First Spanish Methodist Church in New York City after a minister refused the organization a space to work. The Young Lords called it the People's Church / Iglesias De la Gente to serve 3,000 community members. After eleven days police forcibly removed the activists from the church and arrested a hundred people.
    Description
    A pinback button for the People's Church / Iglesia De La Gente. The background of the button is light blue. At center there is a yellow cross with white accent behind it. A black chain is on either side of the cross. Black text around the top reads [People's Church]. black text around the bottom reads [Iglesias De La Gente]. The back of the button has a metal pin with a clasp.
    Place depicted
    New York City, New York, United States, North and Central America
    Cultural Place
    Puerto Rico, United States, Caribbean, Latin America, North and Central America
    Classification
    Memorabilia and Ephemera-Political and Activist Ephemera
    Movement
    Young Lords Movement
    Type
    buttons (information artifacts)
    Topic
    Activism
    Communities
    Decolonization
    Humanitarianism
    Identity
    Multilingual communication
    Religion
    Religious groups
    Credit Line
    Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture, Gift of T. Rasul Murray
    Object number
    2013.68.147
    Restrictions & Rights
    Public domain
    Usage
    Not determined
    GUID
    http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/fd5e407e23d-88fa-4833-ac26-9eb290449662
  • Photograph of the Young Lords Party rally

    Photograph by
    Maristany, Hiram, American, born 1945
    Subject of
    Young Lords Party, American, founded 1969
    Pablo Guzman
    Garcia, Georgie
    Flores, Herman
    Luciano, Felipe, American, born 1947
    Torres, Gabriel
    Lemus, Georgie
    Rosa, Tony
    Aponte, Carlos
    Diaz, Jose
    Unidentified Man or Men
    Unidentified Woman or Women
    Date
    July 26, 1969
    Medium
    silver and photographic gelatin on photographic paper
    Dimensions
    H x W (Image): 12 7/8 × 18 7/8 in. (32.7 × 47.9 cm)
    H x W (Sheet): 15 15/16 × 19 15/16 in. (40.5 × 50.6 cm)
    Description
    A black and white photograph of the Young Lords Rally at Tompkins Square Park in 1969. On stage from left to right are Georgie Garcia, Herman Flores, Felipe Luciano, Gabriel Torres, Unknown, Pablo “Yoruba” Guzmán, and Georgie Lemus. Unknown, Tony Rosa, Carlos Aponte, and Jose “Pi” Diaz stand from left to right in front of the stage. A large group of unidentified men and women sit in chairs below the stage. A Puerto Rican flag can be seen behind the stage.
    Place captured
    Tompkins Park, New York City, New York, New York, United States, North and Central America
    Cultural Place
    Puerto Rico, United States, Caribbean, Latin America, North and Central America
    Classification
    Media Arts-Photography
    Movement
    Young Lords Movement
    Type
    gelatin silver prints
    Topic
    Activism
    Communities
    Decolonization
    Photography
    Political organizations
    Resistance
    Urban life
    Credit Line
    Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture
    Object number
    2014.186.1
    Restrictions & Rights
    © Hiram Maristany
    Usage
    Usage conditions apply
    GUID
    http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/fd55947787a-439f-48fd-978b-c810880b70ea
  • Pinback button for the Young Lords Organization

    Manufactured by
    Unidentified
    Subject of
    Young Lords Party, American, founded 1969
    Date
    1970s
    On View
    Concourse 1, C1 053
    Exhibition
    A Changing America: 1968 and Beyond
    Medium
    ink on paper with metal and plastic
    Dimensions
    H x W x D: 1 1/2 × 1 1/2 × 1/4 in. (3.8 × 3.8 × 0.6 cm)
    Description
    A pinback button for the Young Lords Organization. The button has a white background and purple lettering in Spanish at the top that reads [Tengo Puerto Rico En Mi Corazon] (I have Puerto Rico in my heart). Below the text is a depiction of Puerto Rico with the Young Lords Symbol (a raised fist holding a gun) in front. Below the symbol, purple lettering reads [YLO]. The back of the button has a metal pin with a clasp.
    Place depicted
    Puerto Rico, United States, Caribbean, Latin America, North and Central America
    Place used
    Chicago, Cook County, Illinois, United States, North and Central America
    Classification
    Memorabilia and Ephemera-Political and Activist Ephemera
    Type
    buttons (information artifacts)
    Topic
    Activism
    Civil rights
    Decolonization
    Identity
    Resistance
    U.S. History, 1969-2001
    Credit Line
    Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture, Gift of T. Rasul Murray
    Object number
    2013.68.26
    Restrictions & Rights
    Unknown - Restrictions Possible
    Usage
    Usage conditions apply
    GUID
    http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/fd59adf3ac1-f260-48cb-86be-ae4517748d0a
  • Ramparts, Volume 9, Number 4

    Published by
    Keating, Edward M., American, 1925 - 2003
    Subject of
    Ramparts, American, 1962 - 1975
    Luciano, Felipe, American, born 1947
    Young Lords Party, American, founded 1969
    Date
    October 1970
    Medium
    ink on paper with metal
    Dimensions
    H x W x D: 10 15/16 × 8 7/16 × 1/8 in. (27.8 × 21.4 × 0.3 cm)
    Description
    A copy of Ramparts magazine, volume 9, number 4 from October 1970. The front cover of the magazine features a full page, color image of Felipe Luciano. He is featured looking to the left, wearing a beret with a button promoting the Young Lords Party. In the upper right corner of the image there is white text that reads: ["The Young Lords, / once a street gang, / have become the most / potent revolutionary / organization of / Puerto Rico youth / in the U.S."] Above the image is the mast head of the publication with text in blue, black, and red that reads: [October 1970 / How Harvard, Berkeley et al Set Up the Indonesian Massacre / Civil War in Ireland?; Middle Earth Art; $4 Woodstock.75¢ / Ramparts]. The interior of the magazine has black type on white paper and contains sixty-four pages.
    Place depicted
    Puerto Rico, United States, Caribbean, Latin America, North and Central America
    Classification
    Documents and Published Materials-Published Works
    Memorabilia and Ephemera-Political and Activist Ephemera
    Movement
    Young Lords Movement
    Type
    magazines (periodicals)
    Topic
    Activism
    Political organizations
    Politics
    U.S. History, 1969-2001
    Credit Line
    Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture
    Object number
    2014.109.7.9
    Restrictions & Rights
    © 1970 Ramparts Magazine, Inc. Permission required for use.
    Usage
    Usage conditions apply
    GUID
    http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/fd5f8172986-aad1-430a-962e-bd206353ee0b
  • Poster for the Young Lords Breakfast Program

    Created by
    Young Lords Party, American, founded 1969
    Subject of
    Unidentified Man or Men
    Unidentified Child or Children
    Date
    1969-1970
    Medium
    ink on paper
    Dimensions
    H x W: 22 1/8 × 17 1/8 in. (56.2 × 43.5 cm)
    Description
    A white poster with large, black and white photograph in the upper half. The photograph shows children sitting at tables with food and drinks. Adults wearing hats and black berets stand near and behind the tables. Below the photograph, in the lower half of the poster is black text that reads: [SUPPORT FREE BREAKFAST FOR OUR CHILDREN / YOUNG LORDS FEED HOT MEALS/ TO NEIGHBORHOOD CHILDREN EVERY DAY / we would like to feed more children / DONATIONS OF FOOD & MONEY ARE NEEDED/Young Lords Organization / 75 Park Ave., Newark 482-8313]. The back of the poster is blank.
    Place depicted
    Newark, Essex County, New Jersey, United States, North and Central America
    Cultural Place
    Puerto Rico, United States, Caribbean, Latin America, North and Central America
    Classification
    Memorabilia and Ephemera-Political and Activist Ephemera
    Movement
    Young Lords Movement
    Type
    posters
    Topic
    Activism
    Children
    Communities
    Cooking and dining
    Decolonization
    Political organizations
    Politics
    Poverty
    Social reform
    U.S. History, 1969-2001
    Credit Line
    Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture
    Object number
    2014.109.7.1
    Restrictions & Rights
    Unknown - Restrictions Possible
    Usage
    Usage conditions apply
    GUID
    http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/fd5e8ec1e39-6692-4381-b241-83c4326ca165
  • Photograph of a Young Lords Party march commemorating the Ponce massacre

    Photograph by
    Maristany, Hiram, American, born 1945
    Subject of
    Young Lords Party, American, founded 1969
    Prof. DeGraffe, Luis, American, 1949 - 2015
    Campos, Pedro Albizu, Puerto Rican, 1891 - 1965
    Puerto Rican Student Union, American, 1969 - 1976
    Puerto Rican Nationalist Party, Puerto Rican, founded 1922
    Unidentified Man or Men
    Unidentified Woman or Women
    Date
    March 21, 1971; printed 2014
    Medium
    silver and gelatin on photographic paper
    Dimensions
    H x W (Image): 15 3/4 × 19 5/8 in. (40 × 49.8 cm)
    H x W (Sheet): 16 × 19 7/8 in. (40.6 × 50.5 cm)
    Caption
    Young Lords photographer, Hiram Maristany captured this image on March 21, 1971 when the Young Lords Party organized a commemorative march for the 1937 Ponce Massacre in Ponce, Puerto Rico. More than 7,000 Young Lords Party members participated in the march, which culminated in a rally at Plaza Borinquena.
    Description
    This image shows a commemorative march held by the Young Lords in the Bronx on March 21, 1971. The participants march in organized lines down the center of a city street, their proper right arms held out to their sides. The photo is taken in the center of the street, facing the marchers. At the head of the column of marchers at the left side of the image is a man wearing a large overcoat and a beret with a [TENGO PUERTO RICO / EN MI / CORAZON] / [YLO] pin attached to the front. At the front of the column of marchers on the right side of the image is a woman in a beret and a leather jacket. She has a [TENGO PUERTO RICO / EN MI / CORAZON] / [YLO] pin attached to her right collar. Her beret has another [TENGO PUERTO RICO / EN MI / CORAZON] / [YLO] pin attached alongside a [YOUNG LORDS PARTY] pin with the Puerto Rican flag. A man in a beret and denim jacket marches behind her. At the back of the marchers visible in the photo, is a large banner that reads [FREE ALL / POLITCAL PRISONERS / NOW! / INMATES LIBERATION FRONT] with an image of Puerto Rican nationalist Pedro Albizu Campo displayed on the left-hand side of the banner. There are no marks or inscriptions, front or back.
    Place captured
    Bronx, New York, United States, North and Central America
    Cultural Place
    Ponce, Puerto Rico, United States, North and Central America
    Puerto Rico, United States, Caribbean, Latin America, North and Central America
    Classification
    Media Arts-Photography
    Movement
    Young Lords Movement
    Type
    gelatin silver prints
    Topic
    Activism
    Decolonization
    Justice
    Photography
    Political organizations
    Politics
    Prisons
    Race relations
    Resistance
    Credit Line
    Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture
    Object number
    2014.220.2
    Restrictions & Rights
    © Hiram Maristany. Permission required for use.
    Usage
    Usage conditions apply
    GUID
    http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/fd5ffb5801e-093e-4fe8-b3ce-986d388e9a44
  • Palante, Volume 3, Number 3

    Published by
    Young Lords Party, American, founded 1969
    Subject of
    Palante, 1970 - 1972
    González, Juan, born 1947
    Oliver, Denise, American, born 1947
    Ortiz, Juan Fi
    Gonzalez, Gloria
    Perez, David
    Pablo Guzman
    Date
    February 1971
    Medium
    ink on paper
    Dimensions
    H x W x D: 17 1/8 × 11 5/8 × 1/8 in. (43.5 × 29.5 × 0.3 cm)
    Description
    A copy of Palante newspaper, volume 3, number 3 with a blue background and a photograph on the front cover. The photograph features six people, the leaders of the Young Lords Party, including Juan Gonzalez, Juan "Fi" Ortiz, Gloria Gonzalez, Denise Oliver, David Perez, and Pablo "Yoruba" Guzman in front of a Puerto Rican flag. At the top of front is the mast head, outlined in black, with black text that reads: [PALANTE / 25 / cents / LATIN REVOLUTIONARY NEWS SERVICE / YOUNG LORDS PARTY]. The mast head features a silhouette of the logo of the Young Lords Party on the right side. The logo includes text: [TENGO PUERTO RICO / EN MI / CORAZON / YLP], translated as "I have Puerto Rico in my heart." The bottom fourth of the front is a caption listing the people in the image, as well as the volume and number, with a featured article title. The interior has black type and consists of twenty-three pages. The newspaper contains articles in both English and Spanish.
    Place made
    New York City, New York, United States, North and Central America
    Cultural Place
    Puerto Rico, United States, Caribbean, Latin America, North and Central America
    Classification
    Documents and Published Materials-Published Works
    Memorabilia and Ephemera-Political and Activist Ephemera
    Movement
    Young Lords Movement
    Type
    newspapers
    Topic
    Activism
    Communities
    Decolonization
    Multilingual communication
    Political organizations
    Politics
    U.S. History, 1969-2001
    Credit Line
    Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture
    Object number
    2014.109.7.10
    Restrictions & Rights
    Unknown - Restrictions Possible
    Usage
    Usage conditions apply
    GUID
    http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/fd5559f5abf-9c54-4b1d-848e-70a99ce49a22
  • Palante, Volume 3, Number 17

    Published by
    Young Lords Party, American, founded 1969
    Subject of
    Palante, 1970 - 1972
    Date
    October 9, 1971
    Medium
    ink on paper
    Dimensions
    H x W x D: 17 1/8 × 11 9/16 in. (43.5 × 29.4 cm)
    Description
    A copy of Palante newspaper, volume 3, number 17. The newspaper is printed in both English and Spanish. One half of the paper reads one way and is all in Spanish, the other reads in the opposite direction and is in all English. One cover side has a photograph of a man in a crowd holding a sign with an image of the Lares flag of 1868 and a man lying on top with arms outstretched, facing upward. Surrounding the image and the central text is a thin, black, patterned border. Central type starts in the upper left and extends to the lower right and reads [THE / STRUGGLE / FOR / THE / LIBERATION OF PUERTO / RICO CONTINUES... / JOIN US ON OCT. 30]. At the top is the masthead, outlined in black, with black type that reads: [PALANTE / 25 / cents / LATIN REVOLUTIONARY NEWS SERVICE / YOUNG LORDS PARTY]. The masthead features a silhouette of the Young Lords Party logo on the right side. The logo includes type that reads: [TENGO PUERTO RICO / EN MI / CORAZON / YLP]. The bottom of the front is a rectangle listing the volume and number, featured article titles, and date. The interior consists of twenty-three pages.
    Place made
    New York City, New York, United States, North and Central America
    Place depicted
    Puerto Rico, United States, Caribbean, Latin America, North and Central America
    Cultural Place
    Puerto Rico, United States, Caribbean, Latin America, North and Central America
    Classification
    Documents and Published Materials-Published Works
    Memorabilia and Ephemera-Political and Activist Ephemera
    Movement
    Young Lords Movement
    Type
    newspapers
    Topic
    Activism
    Decolonization
    Freedom
    Multilingual communication
    Political organizations
    Politics
    U.S. History, 1969-2001
    Credit Line
    Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture
    Object number
    2014.109.7.17
    Restrictions & Rights
    Unknown - Restrictions Possible
    Usage
    Usage conditions apply
    GUID
    http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/fd50bcb6aaa-31f4-4cf2-8c0f-2018b2c217df

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