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    • Architecture 19 [-]
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  • CC0 Creative Commons - No Rights Reserved icon

    Block of Aquia Creek sandstone removed from the East Front of US Capitol

    Commissioned by
    Architect of the Capitol, American, founded 1793
    Date
    1824-1826
    On View
    Concourse 3, C3 053
    Exhibition
    Slavery and Freedom
    Medium
    sandstone
    Dimensions
    Overall with Weight: 15 3/4 × 21 1/4 × 14 1/2 in., 318 lb. (40 × 54 × 36.8 cm, 144.2 kg)
    Caption
    Enslaved African Americans, leased out by their slave owners, mined sandstone from local quarries and built the United States Capitol, the White House, and the Smithsonian Castle. Congress, the institution that guarded the peoples’ freedom, held sessions in a building constructed by forced labor, and the legislators would have witnessed lines of shackled slaves marching by daily en route to the Deep South. The block was quarried near Aquia Creek, Virginia, by free and enslaved workers and used in the construction of the Capitol building in 1824.
    Source: Nancy Bercaw, Curator, Slavery and Freedom
    Description
    A rectangular block of sandstone. One short side of the block has a smooth, finished surface. The other five sides are rough-hewn and pitted, showing evidence of quarry tool markings, softened by weathering. One of the long sides has mechanical tool markings across the surface, forming a cross-hatch pattern. The block predominantly is beige, with reddish-brown veins of color running lengthwise. The smooth side shows most clearly the variegation of reddish-brown strata. There is a loss at the lower-left corner of the smooth side.
    Place used
    Washington, District of Columbia, United States, North and Central America
    Place collected
    Aquia Creek, Stafford County, Virginia, United States, North and Central America
    Classification
    Slavery and Freedom Objects
    Buildings and Structures
    Type
    blocks (shaped masses)
    structural elements and structural element components
    Topic
    Architecture
    Building Arts
    Free communities of color
    Government
    Labor
    Local and regional
    Politics
    Slave hire system
    U.S. History, 1815-1861
    Credit Line
    Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture
    Object number
    2013.182
    Restrictions & Rights
    No Known Copyright Restrictions
    Usage
    CC0
    GUID
    http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/fd591da1639-8f87-43bb-9128-5c8ee6561cac
  • CC0 Creative Commons - No Rights Reserved icon

    Building brick from the White House

    Created by
    Kale, Jeremiah, American, active late 18th century
    Unidentified Man or Men
    Unidentified Woman or Women
    Used by
    The White House, founded 1792
    Owned by
    McCulloch, William Moore, American, 1901 - 1980
    Date
    1793-1797; removed 1950
    Medium
    building brick and mortar
    Dimensions
    H x W x D: 2 5/16 × 8 1/2 × 4 in. (5.9 × 21.6 × 10.2 cm)
    Description
    A clay brick that was once part of the structure of the White House. The brick is a standard solid style brick, slightly uneven in shape. It is a reddish-brown color, and is covered with faint remnants of white-colored mortar on all sides. A chunk of mortar protrudes off the surface at the corner of one of the brick's long, narrow sides.
    Place used
    The White House, Washington, District of Columbia, United States, North and Central America
    Classification
    Slavery and Freedom Objects
    Buildings and Structures
    Type
    blocks (shaped masses)
    Topic
    Architecture
    Building Arts
    Free communities of color
    Government
    Labor
    Local and regional
    Politics
    Slave hire system
    Slavery
    U.S. History, 1783-1815
    Credit Line
    Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture, Gift of James F. Dicke, II
    Object number
    2013.232.1
    Restrictions & Rights
    No Known Copyright Restrictions
    Usage
    CC0
    GUID
    http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/fd55e43d433-d9d1-4f46-957b-f19f31a0b93c
  • CC0 Creative Commons - No Rights Reserved icon

    Building brick from the White House

    Created by
    Kale, Jeremiah, American, active late 18th century
    Unidentified Man or Men
    Unidentified Woman or Women
    Used by
    The White House, founded 1792
    Owned by
    McCulloch, William Moore, American, 1901 - 1980
    Date
    1793-1797; removed 1950
    Medium
    building brick and mortar
    Dimensions
    H x W x D: 2 5/16 × 8 3/16 × 4 in. (5.9 × 20.8 × 10.2 cm)
    Description
    A red clay brick that was once part of the structure of the White House. The brick is a standard solid style brick, slightly uneven in shape. It is a reddish-brown color, and is covered with faint remnants of white-colored mortar on all sides. There are slight losses at two corners.
    Place used
    The White House, Washington, District of Columbia, United States, North and Central America
    Classification
    Slavery and Freedom Objects
    Buildings and Structures
    Type
    blocks (shaped masses)
    Topic
    Architecture
    Building Arts
    Free communities of color
    Government
    Labor
    Local and regional
    Politics
    Slave hire system
    Slavery
    U.S. History, 1783-1815
    Credit Line
    Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture, Gift of James F. Dicke, II
    Object number
    2013.232.2
    Restrictions & Rights
    Public domain
    Usage
    CC0
    GUID
    http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/fd50d6a28eb-359b-48b8-bb5e-21ac2dbbe2e8
  • CC0 Creative Commons - No Rights Reserved icon

    Door with rescue markings from Hurricane Katrina

    Manufactured by
    Unidentified
    Date
    before 2005; altered September 12, 2005
    On View
    Concourse 1, C1 053
    Exhibition
    A Changing America: 1968 and Beyond
    Medium
    Wood, glass, and paint
    Dimensions
    H x W x D: 83 3/8 × 36 1/2 × 2 1/4 in., 72 lb. (211.8 × 92.7 × 5.7 cm, 32.7 kg)
    Description
    Wooden door with frosted glass. The door is: 83 1/4" high, 35 3/4" wide, 1 3/4" thick, glass inside is 59 1/2" high, 23 1/2" wide; the frosted glass (with the Katrina markings on it) begins at 17 1/2" from the bottom and extends to 6" from the top, and 6” from each side. Markings include FEMA chart painted on it after the building’s inspection by a rescue crew.
    Place collected
    Broadmoor neighborhood, New Orleans, Orleans Parish, Louisiana, United States, North and Central America
    Classification
    Buildings and Structures
    Type
    doors
    Topic
    Communities
    Race relations
    U.S. History, 2001-
    Credit Line
    Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture
    Object number
    2014.93
    Restrictions & Rights
    No Known Copyright Restrictions
    Usage
    CC0
    GUID
    http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/fd5213f4c08-2005-48de-9e70-fb8ca94d8fca
  • CC0 Creative Commons - No Rights Reserved icon

    Cabin from Point of Pines Plantation in Charleston County, South Carolina

    Created by
    Point of Pines Plantation, American
    Date
    1853
    On View
    Concourse 3, C3 053
    Exhibition
    Slavery and Freedom
    Medium
    yellow pine, lath, and cypress shingles
    Dimensions
    H x W x D: 73 x 246 x 186 in. (185.4 x 624.8 x 472.4 cm)
    Caption
    The cabin was originally a two room, hall-and-parlor cabin with a loft accessible by ladder. The cabin had one door and three windows. A back door and an extra room were added after emancipation.
    The Point of Pines Plantation Slave Cabin was one of two remaining slave dwellings on Edisto Island in 2013. The cabin was built on Charles Bailey's Point of Pines plantation in 1853 along with approximately nine other cabins of identical type. The lumber used to build the cabin was machine cut and shipped to the island. At this point, the cabins were assembled most likely by enslaved carpenters. The cabin is a one-story, rectangular, weatherboard clad building with a side gable roof which also acts as the overhanging porch roof. There is a single, exterior brick chimney on the west elevation.It was listed in the National Register November 28, 1986.
    Description
    The cabin is a one-story, two-room, rectangular, weatherboard clad building with an extended side gable roof which acts as the overhanging porch roof and a brick /masonry fireplace on the west elevation. The structure is a timber frame, meaning a heavy timber mortise and tenon, structure. It is composed of 6”x 6” sills of Southern Yellow Pine, 3” x 4” studs with 4” x 6” braces, topped with 4” x 6” plates and 3” x 4” rafters all of Southern Yellow Pine. Rafters are covered with lath and the structure originally had a cypress shingle roof; some pieces of shingles survive in the roof frame. The exterior was covered by Southern Yellow pine lap siding and painted with whitewash.
    Place collected
    Edisto Island, Charleston County, South Carolina, United States, North and Central America
    Classification
    Slavery and Freedom Objects
    Buildings and Structures
    Type
    cabins (houses)
    Topic
    American South
    Architecture
    Building Arts
    Communities
    Domestic life
    Emancipation
    Housing
    Reconstruction, U.S. History, 1865-1877
    Slavery
    U.S. History, 1815-1861
    U.S. History, Civil War, 1861-1865
    Credit Line
    Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture, Gift of The Edisto Island Historic Preservation Society
    Object number
    2013.57
    Restrictions & Rights
    No Known Copyright Restrictions
    Usage
    CC0
    GUID
    http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/fd549eeb381-fb49-44be-8743-e05c70cb74c2
  • Façade of James M. Baxter Terrace Housing Project

    Created by
    Newark Housing Authority, American, founded 1938
    Date
    1939-1941
    On View
    Concourse 1, C1 053
    Exhibition
    A Changing America: 1968 and Beyond
    Medium
    brick and metal
    Dimensions
    H x W: 135 1/2 x 118 in. (344.2 x 299.7 cm)
    Description
    Architectural elements that make up the dismantled façade of one entrance door to one building in the James M. Baxter Terrace Housing Project in Newark, NJ. The elements salvaged include: painted metal door, brick door frame, signs, and security light.
    Place used
    Newark, Essex County, New Jersey, United States, North and Central America
    Classification
    Buildings and Structures
    Type
    facades
    Topic
    Domestic life
    Housing
    Poverty
    U.S. History, 1933-1945
    Urban life
    Credit Line
    Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture
    Object number
    2012.4.1-.7
    Restrictions & Rights
    No Known Copyright Restrictions
    Usage
    CC0
    GUID
    http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/fd56ad401e2-bebe-4f49-897c-1747c7f73605
  • CC0 Creative Commons - No Rights Reserved icon

    Brick from the chimney at Whitehead Plantation

    Created by
    Unidentified Man or Men
    Subject of
    Turner, Nat, American, 1800 - 1831
    Whitehead, Margaret, American, 1813 - 1831
    Date
    ca. 1800
    On View
    Concourse 3, C3 053
    Exhibition
    Slavery and Freedom
    Medium
    clay brick
    Dimensions
    H x W x D: 2 3/4 x 4 x 8 1/16 in. (7 x 10.2 x 20.5 cm)
    Description
    A reddish brown clay rectangular brick formerly used on the chimney of a house. The brick has several deep fissures and long cracks. There are large chunks missing, including at two different corners and in several places along one of the long side edges.
    Place collected
    Southampton County, Virginia, United States, North and Central America
    Classification
    Slavery and Freedom Objects
    Buildings and Structures
    Type
    blocks (shaped masses)
    Topic
    Architecture
    Building Arts
    Resistance
    Slavery
    U.S. History, 1815-1861
    Violence
    Credit Line
    Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture
    Object number
    2012.81
    Restrictions & Rights
    No Known Copyright Restrictions
    Usage
    CC0
    GUID
    http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/fd5137c2b95-9395-4149-93fe-382b60c79b30
  • Toilet and sink for cell from Camp A at Angola prison

    Manufactured by
    Forte and Tablada Inc., American, founded 1961
    Commissioned by
    Louisiana State Penitentiary at Angola, American, founded 1835
    Date
    ca. 1972
    On View
    Community/Third Floor, 3 051
    Exhibition
    Power of Place
    Medium
    steel and fiberglass, paint, wax
    Dimensions
    H x W x D (With back plumbing attached): 36 3/4 × 15 × 38 in. (93.3 × 38.1 × 96.5 cm)
    Description
    A toilet and sink combination for cell no. 3 from Camp A at Angola prison. The sink is above the toilet seat typically where a toilet reservoir is. The sink has small faucet with two knobs on either side. Attached to the back of the toilet are long threaded bolts and piping for attachment to plumbing system as well as for mounting to the cell’s wall.
    Place collected
    West Feliciana Parish, Louisiana, United States, North and Central America
    Classification
    Buildings and Structures
    Type
    cells
    toilets
    Topic
    American South
    Architecture
    Prisons
    Credit Line
    Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture, Donated by Louisiana Department of Public Safety and Corrections and Louisiana State Penitentiary at Angola
    Object number
    2013.26.2.3.1a-f
    Restrictions & Rights
    No Known Copyright Restrictions
    Usage
    CC0
    GUID
    http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/fd52d2c0c3b-3b7a-4ab3-9329-ad6d14900786
  • Jones-Hall-Sims House built by Richard Jones

    Created by
    Jones, Richard, American, born ca. 1810
    Date
    ca. 1874
    On View
    Concourse 2, C 2053
    Exhibition
    Defending Freedom, Defining Freedom: The Era of Segregation, 1876-1968
    Medium
    wood
    Dimensions
    H x W x D (overall): 264 × 266 × 172 in. (670.6 × 675.6 × 436.9 cm)
    H (roof to peak): 76 in. (193 cm)
    Description
    These are the surviving elements of the Jones-Hall-Sims House, a two-story log cabin built by formerly enslaved members of the Jones family. The body of the house is composed of heavy timbers fit together with saddle notches. The side gable roof is lightly framed. There is one (1) entrance to the house, at the proper right of the house's front side. This same side of the house has three (3) window openings, one on the lower level at proper left, one at upper left and one at upper right. On the back side of the house are four (4) window openings. Three (3) original joists remain between the first and second levels of the house. Inside the house, at center back, painted wood planks form a partition wall. Behind the partition wall are stairs leading to the former second level. Below the stairs is a small closet space accessible through a white-painted door in the partition wall. A small section of original chinking has been installed in between timbers on the second story interior wall of the house. The lower timbers of the house, having been directly exposed to the soil for decades, required full or partial replacement. This home was located in Jonesville, near what is now Poolesville, Maryland.
    Place used
    6 Jonesville Terrace, Jonesville, Montgomery County, Maryland, United States, North and Central America
    Classification
    Slavery and Freedom Objects
    Buildings and Structures
    Type
    houses
    Topic
    Building Arts
    Communities
    Domestic life
    Emancipation
    Housing
    Reconstruction, U.S. History, 1865-1877
    Credit Line
    Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture, Donated by Bradley and Shannon Rhoderick
    Object number
    2009.25.1
    Restrictions & Rights
    No Known Copyright Restrictions
    Usage
    CC0
    GUID
    http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/fd5c8f078ab-af4f-48f2-a2ce-0f496eb9562f
  • CC0 Creative Commons - No Rights Reserved icon

    Corona panel designed for NMAAHC (Type A: 65% opacity)

    Designed by
    Freelon Adjaye Bond/SmithGroup, American, founded 2008
    Adjaye, David, British, born 1966
    Bond, J. Max Jr., American, 1935 - 2009
    Freelon, Philip G., American, 1953 - 2019
    SmithGroupJJR, American, founded 1853
    Manufactured by
    Peerless Pattern Works, Inc., founded 1923
    Morel Industries, founded 1917
    Dura Industries, American, ca. 1985
    Northstar Contracting, Inc., American
    Date
    ca. 2013
    Medium
    cast aluminum coated with vinyl paint
    Dimensions
    H x W x D: 63 × 41 1/4 × 1 1/2 in. (160 × 104.8 × 3.8 cm)
    Description
    An openwork cast aluminum panel of the type used to fabricate the cladding that covers the exterior of the National Museum of African American History and Culture, located on the National Mall in Washington, DC. The panel's bronze color is the final finish, and is the same as the color of the panels installed on the NMAAHC building. Panels were constructed in differing levels of opacity or thickness, in order to regulate the amount of light that enters the building. Panels with varying levels of opacity are used on each side of the building. This panel is the Type A design, with an opacity or density of 65% (35% open). The panel sometimes is referred to as a "corona panel," because these panels encapsulate the stacked upper levels of the building's design, referred to as the "corona" levels by the architects. The stacked shape of the building itself was designed to relfect the stacked top portions of Yoruba carved wood columns by Olowe of Ise found on traditional buildings in Nigeria. This top portion is known as a "capital" in architectural vocabulary, and the architects also use the words "crown" and "corona" to refer to the design inspiration they gained from this top portion of Yoruba column. This panel was fabricated at the same time as the panels installed on the building.
    Place collected
    Washington, District of Columbia, United States, North and Central America
    Classification
    Buildings and Structures
    Type
    facades
    Topic
    African diaspora
    Architecture
    Design
    Local and regional
    Ornamentation
    Credit Line
    Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture
    Object number
    2016.41.1
    Restrictions & Rights
    No Known Copyright Restrictions
    Usage
    CC0
    GUID
    http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/fd5a4e2a8e9-1fc3-41b6-88ad-f57a25aab423
  • CC0 Creative Commons - No Rights Reserved icon

    Corona panel designed for NMAAHC (Type C: 75% opacity)

    Designed by
    Freelon Adjaye Bond/SmithGroup, American, founded 2008
    Adjaye, David, British, born 1966
    Bond, J. Max Jr., American, 1935 - 2009
    Freelon, Philip G., American, 1953 - 2019
    SmithGroupJJR, American, founded 1853
    Manufactured by
    Peerless Pattern Works, Inc., founded 1923
    Morel Industries, founded 1917
    Dura Industries, American, ca. 1985
    Northstar Contracting, Inc., American
    Date
    ca. 2013
    Medium
    cast aluminum coated with vinyl paint
    Dimensions
    H x W x D: 63 × 41 1/4 × 1 1/2 in. (160 × 104.8 × 3.8 cm)
    Description
    An openwork cast aluminum panel of the type used to fabricate the cladding that covers the exterior of the National Museum of African American History and Culture, located on the National Mall in Washington, DC. The panel's bronze color is the final finish, a Custom Artisan 3.5 in a 5-coat Kynar system, a costum Valspare mixture used for each layer of the 5-coats, and is the same as the color of the panels installed on the NMAAHC building. Panels with varying levels of opacity are used on each side of the building, to regulate the amount of light that enters the building. This panel is the Type C design, with an opacity or density of 75% (25% open). This panel was fabricated at the same time as the panels installed on the building.
    The tooling for the Corona panels was made at Peerless Pattern Works in Portland, Oregon. The panels were cast at Morel Industries in Portland, Oregon. After painting, the panels were sent to Cleveland, Ohio to Northstar Contracting for assembly onto carrier frames prior to installation on site.
    The panel sometimes is referred to as a "corona panel," because these panels encapsulate the stacked upper levels of the building's design, referred to as the "corona" levels by the architects. The stacked shape of the building itself was designed to relfect the stacked top portions of Yoruba carved wood columns by Olowe of Ise found on traditional buildings in Nigeria. This top portion is known as a "capital" in architectural vocabulary, and the architects also use the words "crown" and "corona" to refer to the design inspiration they gained from this top portion of Yoruba column.
    Place collected
    Washington, District of Columbia, United States, North and Central America
    Classification
    Buildings and Structures
    Type
    facades
    Topic
    African diaspora
    Architecture
    Design
    Local and regional
    Ornamentation
    Credit Line
    Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture
    Object number
    2016.41.2
    Restrictions & Rights
    No Known Copyright Restrictions
    Usage
    CC0
    GUID
    http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/fd5385cf384-e5d4-4a20-bc02-d280991ecb86
  • CC0 Creative Commons - No Rights Reserved icon

    Corona panel designed for NMAAHC (Type E: 85% opacity)

    Designed by
    Freelon Adjaye Bond/SmithGroup, American, founded 2008
    Adjaye, David, British, born 1966
    Bond, J. Max Jr., American, 1935 - 2009
    Freelon, Philip G., American, 1953 - 2019
    SmithGroupJJR, American, founded 1853
    Manufactured by
    Peerless Pattern Works, Inc., founded 1923
    Morel Industries, founded 1917
    Dura Industries, American, ca. 1985
    Northstar Contracting, Inc., American
    Date
    ca. 2013
    Medium
    cast aluminum coated with vinyl paint
    Dimensions
    H x W x D: 63 × 41 1/4 × 1 1/2 in. (160 × 104.8 × 3.8 cm)
    Description
    An openwork cast aluminum panel of the type used to fabricate the cladding that covers the exterior of the National Museum of African American History and Culture, located on the National Mall in Washington, DC. The panel's bronze color is the final finish, a Custom Artisan 3.5 in a 5-coat Kynar system, a costum Valspare mixture used for each layer of the 5-coats, and is the same as the color of the panels installed on the NMAAHC building. Panels with varying levels of opacity are used on each side of the building, to regulate the amount of light that enters the building. This panel is the Type E design, with an opacity or density of 85% (15% open). This panel was fabricated at the same time as the panels installed on the building.
    The tooling for the Corona panels was made at Peerless Pattern Works in Portland, Oregon. The panels were cast at Morel Industries in Portland, Oregon. After painting, the panels were sent to Cleveland, Ohio to Northstar Contracting for assembly onto carrier frames prior to installation on site.
    The panel sometimes is referred to as a "corona panel," because these panels encapsulate the stacked upper levels of the building's design, referred to as the "corona" levels by the architects. The stacked shape of the building itself was designed to relfect the stacked top portions of Yoruba carved wood columns by Olowe of Ise found on traditional buildings in Nigeria. This top portion is known as a "capital" in architectural vocabulary, and the architects also use the words "crown" and "corona" to refer to the design inspiration they gained from this top portion of Yoruba column.
    Place collected
    Washington, District of Columbia, United States, North and Central America
    Classification
    Buildings and Structures
    Type
    facades
    Topic
    African diaspora
    Architecture
    Design
    Local and regional
    Ornamentation
    Credit Line
    Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture
    Object number
    2016.41.3
    Restrictions & Rights
    No Known Copyright Restrictions
    Usage
    CC0
    GUID
    http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/fd5b7bfff85-dbf9-4e99-8f07-286ff3756efe
  • CC0 Creative Commons - No Rights Reserved icon

    Corona panel designed for NMAAHC (Type F: 90% opacity)

    Designed by
    Freelon Adjaye Bond/SmithGroup, American, founded 2008
    Adjaye, David, British, born 1966
    Bond, J. Max Jr., American, 1935 - 2009
    Freelon, Philip G., American, 1953 - 2019
    SmithGroupJJR, American, founded 1853
    Manufactured by
    Peerless Pattern Works, Inc., founded 1923
    Morel Industries, founded 1917
    Dura Industries, American, ca. 1985
    Northstar Contracting, Inc., American
    Date
    ca. 2013
    Medium
    cast aluminum coated with vinyl paint
    Dimensions
    H x W x D: 63 × 41 1/4 × 1 1/2 in. (160 × 104.8 × 3.8 cm)
    Description
    An openwork cast aluminum panel of the type used to fabricate the cladding that covers the exterior of the National Museum of African American History and Culture, located on the National Mall in Washington, DC. The panel's bronze color is the final finish, a Custom Artisan 3.5 in a 5-coat Kynar system, a costum Valspare mixture used for each layer of the 5-coats, and is the same as the color of the panels installed on the NMAAHC building. Panels with varying levels of opacity are used on each side of the building, to regulate the amount of light that enters the building. This panel is the Type F design, with an opacity or density of 90% (10% open). This panel was fabricated at the same time as the panels installed on the building.
    The tooling for the Corona panels was made at Peerless Pattern Works in Portland, Oregon. The panels were cast at Morel Industries in Portland, Oregon. After painting, the panels were sent to Cleveland, Ohio to Northstar Contracting for assembly onto carrier frames prior to installation on site.
    The panel sometimes is referred to as a "corona panel," because these panels encapsulate the stacked upper levels of the building's design, referred to as the "corona" levels by the architects. The stacked shape of the building itself was designed to relfect the stacked top portions of Yoruba carved wood columns by Olowe of Ise found on traditional buildings in Nigeria. This top portion is known as a "capital" in architectural vocabulary, and the architects also use the words "crown" and "corona" to refer to the design inspiration they gained from this top portion of Yoruba column.
    Place collected
    Washington, District of Columbia, United States, North and Central America
    Classification
    Buildings and Structures
    Type
    facades
    Topic
    African diaspora
    Architecture
    Design
    Local and regional
    Ornamentation
    Credit Line
    Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture
    Object number
    2016.41.4
    Restrictions & Rights
    No Known Copyright Restrictions
    Usage
    CC0
    GUID
    http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/fd54572e6dc-5082-4900-8adc-dfe0ad1933b8
  • CC0 Creative Commons - No Rights Reserved icon

    Building brick from Spelman College's Upton Hall

    Created by
    Unidentified
    Used by
    Spelman College, American, founded 1881
    Date
    ca. 1905
    On View
    Concourse 2, C 2053
    Exhibition
    Defending Freedom, Defining Freedom: The Era of Segregation, 1876-1968
    Medium
    building brick
    Dimensions
    2 1/2 x 8 1/2 x 4 in. (6.4 x 21.6 x 10.2 cm)
    Description
    A clay brick that was once part of the structure of Spelman College's Upton Hall. The brick is a standard solid style brick, with slight irregularity because of a loss at one of the corners. The brick is a deep red color, and all sides of the brick are worn. There is no mortar residue except for a very small area on one of the brick's short sides.
    Place used
    Atlanta, Fulton County, Georgia, United States, North and Central America
    Classification
    Buildings and Structures
    Type
    blocks (shaped masses)
    Topic
    Architecture
    Education
    HBCUs (Historically Black Colleges and Universities)
    Segregation
    Women
    Credit Line
    Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture, Gift of Spelman College
    Object number
    2012.118
    Restrictions & Rights
    No Known Copyright Restrictions
    Usage
    CC0
    GUID
    http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/fd55a59ae1d-9ac3-4b9b-bb5b-0d0247718431
  • CC0 Creative Commons - No Rights Reserved icon

    Swinging doors from Muse Bar, the home bar of Isaiah Muse

    Created by
    Unidentified
    Used by
    Muse, Isaiah, American, 1919 - 2012
    Date
    1970s
    On View
    Concourse 1, C1 053
    Exhibition
    A Changing America: 1968 and Beyond
    Medium
    wood and metal
    Dimensions
    H x W (overall): 41 × 16 in. (104.1 × 40.6 cm)
    H (inside edge door height): 40 3/4 in. (103.5 cm)
    H (outside edge door height): 37 1/4 in. (94.6 cm)
    Description
    A matched pair of swinging bar doors. The doors are wood with a natural, glossy varnish, and are louvered with fixed slats. The upper edge of each door curves upward towards the center edge, so that the inner height of the doors is greater than the outer height, where the doors would mount into the door frame. When mounted, the doors would swing freely and do not have any hooks or fasteners. The doors have metal mounting hardware on the upper and lower corners of the outer edges.
    Place used
    South Shore, Chicago, Cook County, Illinois, United States, North and Central America
    Classification
    Buildings and Structures
    Type
    cocktail lounges
    swinging doors
    Topic
    Domestic life
    Nightlife
    Segregation
    Social life and customs
    Urban life
    Credit Line
    Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture, Gift of Cassandra Fay Smith
    Object number
    2011.101.8ab
    Restrictions & Rights
    No Known Copyright Restrictions
    Usage
    CC0
    GUID
    http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/fd58c536330-27fa-4ec0-805e-870398c80823
  • Door with "WHITES ONLY" lettering

    Created by
    Unidentified
    Date
    1950s
    On View
    Concourse 2, C 2053
    Exhibition
    Defending Freedom, Defining Freedom: The Era of Segregation, 1876-1968
    Medium
    wood , glass
    Dimensions
    Overall with Weight: 78 x 32 x 2 in., 50 lb. (198.1 x 81.3 x 5.1 cm, 22.7 kg)
    Description
    A wood-framed glass door with chipped white paint on the wood. The door has three decals on the glass. The most prominent has the words: [WHITES ONLY] in white text, halfway down the door. Two others, above it, are for the National and Texas Restaurant Associations and are orange with black text.
    Place used
    Post, Garza County, Texas, United States, North and Central America
    Classification
    Buildings and Structures
    Type
    doors
    Topic
    American South
    Cooking and dining
    Race discrimination
    Segregation
    Credit Line
    Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture
    Object number
    2011.141
    Restrictions & Rights
    No Known Copyright Restrictions
    Usage
    CC0
    GUID
    http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/fd56565feb0-fe31-4c33-a841-bba155a997c8
  • CC0 Creative Commons - No Rights Reserved icon

    Building brick from Bethune-Cookman University's White Hall

    Created by
    Unidentified
    Used by
    Bethune-Cookman University, American, founded 1904
    Date
    ca. 1916
    On View
    Concourse 2, C 2053
    Exhibition
    Defending Freedom, Defining Freedom: The Era of Segregation, 1876-1968
    Medium
    building brick and mortar
    Dimensions
    3 x 8 x 4 in. (7.6 x 20.3 x 10.2 cm)
    Description
    A clay brick that was once part of the structure of Bethune-Cookman University's White Hall. The brick is a standard solid style brick, with some irregularity in shape because of a chunk of mortar affixed to the top side. The brick is a faintly reddish color, with a gray tinge from mortar residue. All sides of the brick are weathered and worn. The bottom has the least amount of mortar residue.
    Place used
    Daytona Beach, Volusia County, Florida, United States, North and Central America
    Classification
    Buildings and Structures
    Type
    blocks (shaped masses)
    Topic
    Architecture
    Education
    HBCUs (Historically Black Colleges and Universities)
    Segregation
    Credit Line
    Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture, Gift of Bethune-Cookman University
    Object number
    2012.97
    Restrictions & Rights
    No Known Copyright Restrictions
    Usage
    CC0
    GUID
    http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/fd5e99138d3-83f1-4f26-b767-c02ca0215371
  • CC0 Creative Commons - No Rights Reserved icon

    Brick from a cistern found at Florida A&M University

    Created by
    Unidentified
    Date
    ca. 1890
    On View
    Concourse 2, C 2053
    Exhibition
    Defending Freedom, Defining Freedom: The Era of Segregation, 1876-1968
    Medium
    building brick and mortar
    Dimensions
    Overall with Weight: 2 1/2 x 9 x 3 1/2 in., 4.5 lb. (6.4 x 22.9 x 8.9 cm, 2 kg)
    Description
    A clay brick that was once part of a cistern found on the campus of Florida A&M University. The brick appears to have been a standard solid style brick previously, but now it has an irregular shape, perhaps cut into its current shape when it was removed from the cistern. The front of the brick is a rich, reddish brown color, with irregular cuts across the surface. The proper right and bottom sides are covered with gray-colored mortar. The top, proper left and back sides of the brick are flat and weathered, with the appearance of retaining their original shape from when the brick was fired. The top side has regular incisions cut into its surface. At the proper-right corner, there is a small segment of an adjoining brick still attached to the mortar. The mortar is 3/8 inch thick on the bottom side and 3/4 inch thick on the right side.
    Place used
    Tallahassee, Leon County, Florida, United States, North and Central America
    Classification
    Buildings and Structures
    Type
    blocks (shaped masses)
    Topic
    Architecture
    Building Arts
    Education
    HBCUs (Historically Black Colleges and Universities)
    Segregation
    Credit Line
    Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture, Gift of Florida AandM University
    Object number
    2013.179
    Restrictions & Rights
    No Known Copyright Restrictions
    Usage
    CC0
    GUID
    http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/fd5e8afed24-a47f-44b1-abc9-a71de6c64007
  • CC0 Creative Commons - No Rights Reserved icon

    Guard tower from Camp H at Angola Prison

    Commissioned by
    Louisiana State Penitentiary at Angola, American, founded 1835
    Date
    1900-1950
    On View
    Concourse 2, C 2053
    Exhibition
    Defending Freedom, Defining Freedom: The Era of Segregation, 1876-1968
    Medium
    steel and concrete
    Dimensions
    255 × 108 × 84 in. (647.7 × 274.3 × 213.4 cm)
    Description
    A steel and concrete tower with external stairway that sits on a raised platform. The tower has a window on each of its four sides. A doorway is on the side closest to the metal stairs. The tower has a corrugated metal roof.
    Place collected
    West Feliciana Parish, Louisiana, United States, North and Central America
    Classification
    Buildings and Structures
    Type
    towers (single built works)
    Topic
    American South
    Labor
    Prisons
    Rural life
    Credit Line
    Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture, Donated by Louisiana Department of Public Safety and Corrections and Louisiana State Penitentiary at Angola
    Object number
    2013.26.1ab
    Restrictions & Rights
    No Known Copyright Restrictions
    Usage
    CC0
    GUID
    http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/fd567bdad19-19c6-4848-bb39-8f5a892afce2
  • Bars and door for prison cell no. 3 from Camp A at Angola prison

    Manufactured by
    Forte and Tablada Inc., American, founded 1961
    Commissioned by
    Louisiana State Penitentiary at Angola, American, founded 1835
    Date
    ca. 1972
    On View
    Community/Third Floor, 3 051
    Exhibition
    Power of Place
    Medium
    steel
    Dimensions
    H x W x D (assembled gate and bars ): 87 1/4 × 139 1/4 × 9 1/2 in. (221.6 × 353.7 × 24.1 cm)
    Description
    Bars and gate for prison cell from cell no. 3 of Camp A at Angola prison in Louisiana. The structure, which makes up the fourth wall of the prison cell and has a moveable gate, is made up of thirteen separate pieces that form one solid piece when assembled.
    Place collected
    West Feliciana Parish, Louisiana, United States, North and Central America
    Classification
    Buildings and Structures
    Type
    cells
    Topic
    American South
    Architecture
    Prisons
    Rural life
    Credit Line
    Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture, Donated by Louisiana Department of Public Safety and Corrections and Louisiana State Penitentiary at Angola
    Object number
    2013.26.2.1a-n
    Restrictions & Rights
    No Known Copyright Restrictions
    Usage
    CC0
    GUID
    http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/fd513b53f95-aec0-4838-875e-80faa57ccb8d

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National Museum of African American History and Culture
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1400 Constitution Ave NW, Washington, DC 20560

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