Issued by

French Republic, French, founded 1792

Designed by

Bartholomé, Albert, French, 1848 - 1928

Received by

Cpl. McVey,, Lawrence Leslie Sr., American, 1897 - 1968

Subject of

369th Infantry Regiment, American, 1913 - 1945

Medium

bronze, ribbon and metal

Dimensions

H x W: 4 1/4 x 1 1/2 x 1/8 in. (10.8 x 3.8 x 0.3 cm)

Type

medals

Place made

France, Europe

Date

1918

Caption

Due to racial tension within the US Army, the 369th Infantry Regiment was assigned to the French Army for the duration of US involvement in World War I. Formed from the 15th New York National Guard Regiment and nicknamed the "Harlem Hellfighters," the 369th was the first African American regiment to reach the battlefields of World War I and the first Allied troops to reach the banks of the Rhine. Upon completion of the 369th’s service in the war, the regiment had spent 191 days in combat, the longest of any American regiment. In appreciation for their actions in the Maison-en-Champagne campaign, the 369th was awarded the Croix de Guerre by the French Government for acts of bravery in conflicts against the enemy. In addition to this honor, 171 individual members of the 369th Regiment were awarded the Croix de Guerre and the Legion of Honor. The 369th Regiment finished their service in Europe and returned to the US in February 1919.

Description

Florentine bronze cross patée, with two crossed swords between the arms. The center of the front side shows the symbolic profile of the French Republic: a young woman wearing a Phrygian cap. The words [REPUBLIC FRANCAISE] (French Republic) encircle the portrait. The cross is suspended by a green ribbon with seven narrow vertical red stripes. A bronze star affixed to the ribbon indicates McVey was honored at the regiment or brigade level. The back of the medal has the dates of World War I, [1914 / 1918].

Topic

African American

Military

World War I

Credit Line

Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture, Gift of Gina R. McVey, Granddaughter

Object number

2011.108.9.1

Restrictions & Rights

No Known Copyright Restrictions

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National Museum of African American History and Culture Collection

Classification

Awards and Medals

Exhibition

Double Victory: The African American Military Experience

On View

NMAAHC (1400 Constitution Ave NW), National Mall Location, Community/Third Floor, 3 053

Data Source

National Museum of African American History and Culture

Commissioned by

United States Department of the Treasury, American, founded 1789

Subject of

Tuskegee Airmen, 1941 - 1946

Created by

United States Mint, American, founded 1792

Medium

gold

Dimensions

2 15/16 × 2 15/16 × 3/16 in. (7.5 × 7.5 × 0.5 cm)

Type

medals

Date

2007

Caption

The Congressional Gold Medal is the highest civilian recognition awarded by the U.S. Congress. This medal was presented to the Tuskegee Airmen, African American pilots flying for the U.S. Army Air Forces during World War II. Awarded on March 29, 2007, the medal recognized their “unique military record that inspired revolutionary reform in the Armed Forces.”

Description

A gold medal featuring three men in profile in the center, with "TUSKEGEE AIRMEN" at top and an eagle with spread wings at the bottom.

Topic

African American

Civil Rights

Military

Tuskegee Airmen

World War II

Credit Line

Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture

Object number

2007.8

Restrictions & Rights

No Known Copyright Restrictions

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National Museum of African American History and Culture Collection

Classification

Awards and Medals

Exhibition

Double Victory: The African American Military Experience

On View

NMAAHC (1400 Constitution Ave NW), National Mall Location, Community/Third Floor, 3 053

Data Source

National Museum of African American History and Culture

Created by

Barker, J. N., American

Subject of

Barnaby, Robert, American, born 1807

Medium

ink on paper

Dimensions

H x W: 8 1/2 x 10 3/8 in. (21.6 x 26.4 cm)

Type

citizenship papers

Place made

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States, North and Central America

Date

April 21, 1834

Description

Originally issued in 1826, this is an official copy of an early manuscript Seaman's Protection Certificate for Robert Barnaby (April 21, 1834). The certificate describes him as as "a Citizen of the United States of America," with "black complexion, black eyes, wooly hair."

Topic

African American

Free communities of color

Military

United States--History--War of 1812

Credit Line

Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture

Object number

2009.14.3

Restrictions & Rights

No Known Copyright Restrictions

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National Museum of African American History and Culture Collection

Classification

Slavery and Freedom Objects

Documents and Published Materials-Business and Legal Documents

Exhibition

Double Victory: The African American Military Experience

On View

NMAAHC (1400 Constitution Ave NW), National Mall Location, Community/Third Floor, 3 053

Data Source

National Museum of African American History and Culture

Created by

Unidentified

Subject of

Simbo, Prince, American, ca. 1737 - 1810

Freeman, Sampson, American

Medium

ink on paper

Dimensions

H x W: 4 11/16 x 8 5/16 in. (11.9 x 21.1 cm)

Type

receipts

Place made

Hartford, Hartford County, Connecticut, United States, North and Central America

Date

April 21, 1778

Description

One page, quatro receipt, written on both sides in black ink.

Topic

African American

Military

Slavery

United States--History--Revolution, 1775-1783

Credit Line

Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture

Object number

2009.14.7

Restrictions & Rights

public domain

See more items in

National Museum of African American History and Culture Collection

Classification

Slavery and Freedom Objects

Documents and Published Materials-Business and Legal Documents

Exhibition

Double Victory: The African American Military Experience

On View

NMAAHC (1400 Constitution Ave NW), National Mall Location, Community/Third Floor, 3 053

Data Source

National Museum of African American History and Culture

Manufactured by

United States Navy, American, founded 1775

Worn by

DuFau, Lorenzo A., American, 1920 - 2015

Medium

wool, cloth tape, and plastic buttons

Dimensions

H x W x D (on form): 27 1/2 × 25 × 11 in. (69.9 × 63.5 × 27.9 cm)

H x W (flat): 27 1/4 × 17 in. (69.2 × 43.2 cm)

Type

pullovers

military uniforms

Date

1944-1945

Description

A navy blue wool US Navy dress uniform jumper worn by Lorenzo DuFau during World War II. The jumper is a pullover style sweater made from a very dark blue thick fulled wool and features a traditional sailor collar and fitted sleeves with gathered cuffs. It has a blue twill tape drawstring in the waist that protrudes from two holes at the center front of the hem. Two (2) white five-pointed stars are machine embroidered with one in each corner of the back of the collar. The edge of the collar and the fitted cuffs are trimmed with three (3) rows of white tape. The cuffs close with two (2) black plastic buttons each. An anchor is engraved into the face of the buttons. There is one (1) welted watch pocket at the proper left breast. Sewn at the proper right breast is a Ruptured Duck diamond-shaped patch of blue wool with a yellow machine-embroidered design of a spread eagle inside a circle, given for honorable discharge. A first class signalman's patch made from blue wool with machine embroidery of a white eagle over crossed signal flags above three (3) red chevrons is sewn on the upper arm of the proper right sleeve. The jumper is not lined. White stamped text that is severely deteriorated can be seen on the interior proper right back above the hem reading "DU FAU USA". A cream tag with blue printed text is hand sewn on the proper left back interior hem reading "LORENZO DUFAU".

Topic

African American

Clothing and dress

Military

Race relations

World War II

Credit Line

Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture, Gift of Lorenzo A. DuFau

Object number

2009.5.1

Restrictions & Rights

No Known Copyright Restrictions

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National Museum of African American History and Culture Collection

Classification

Clothing-Historical

Exhibition

Double Victory: The African American Military Experience

On View

NMAAHC (1400 Constitution Ave NW), National Mall Location, Community/Third Floor, 3 053

Data Source

National Museum of African American History and Culture

Manufactured by

United States Navy, American, founded 1775

Owned by

DuFau, Lorenzo A., American, 1920 - 2015

Medium

metal and ribbon

Dimensions

H x W x D: 3 × 2 3/16 × 3/16 in. (7.6 × 5.5 × 0.5 cm)

Type

medals

Date

1985

Description

A US military American Campaign service medal awarded to Lorenzo A. DuFau, who served in the US Navy. The medal is round and depicts an airplane, large ship, and a submarine in front of a cityscape below the text "AMERICAN CAMPAIGN" on the front, with the reverse showing a standing American bald eagle with the text "UNITED / STATES OF / AMERICA / 1941 / 1945". The medal hangs on a metal loop from a ribbon of light blue, white, black, red, and navy blue stripes. A locking pin back is adhered to the back of the ribbon.

Topic

African American

Military

Race relations

World War II

Credit Line

Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture, Gift of Lorenzo A. DuFau

Object number

2009.5.2

Restrictions & Rights

No Known Copyright Restrictions

See more items in

National Museum of African American History and Culture Collection

Classification

Awards and Medals

Exhibition

Double Victory: The African American Military Experience

On View

NMAAHC (1400 Constitution Ave NW), National Mall Location, Community/Third Floor, 3 053

Data Source

National Museum of African American History and Culture

Manufactured by

United States Navy, American, founded 1775

Owned by

DuFau, Lorenzo A., American, 1920 - 2015

Medium

metal and ribbon

Dimensions

H x W x D: 3 × 1 7/16 × 3/16 in. (7.6 × 3.7 × 0.5 cm)

Type

medals

Date

1989

Description

A US military World War II Victory service medal awarded to Lorenzo A. DuFau, who served in the US Navy. The medal is round and depicts an allegorical figure of Liberation with the text "World War II" flanking her legs on the front and the text "FREEDOM / FROM FEAR AND WANT / FREEDOM OF SPEECH / AND RELIGION" encircled by the text "UNITED STATES OF AMERICA / 1941 1945". The medal hangs on a metal loop from a ribbon of a wide center red stripe surrounded by thin rainbow stripes. A locking pin back is adhered to the back of the ribbon.

Topic

African American

Military

Race relations

World War II

Credit Line

Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture, Gift of Lorenzo A. DuFau

Object number

2009.5.3

Restrictions & Rights

No Known Copyright Restrictions

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National Museum of African American History and Culture Collection

Classification

Awards and Medals

Exhibition

Double Victory: The African American Military Experience

On View

NMAAHC (1400 Constitution Ave NW), National Mall Location, Community/Third Floor, 3 053

Data Source

National Museum of African American History and Culture

Manufactured by

United States Navy, American, founded 1775

Owned by

DuFau, Lorenzo A., American, 1920 - 2015

Medium

metal and ribbon

Dimensions

H x W x D: 3 × 1 7/16 × 1/4 in. (7.6 × 3.7 × 0.6 cm)

Type

medals

Date

1985

Description

A US military European-African-Middle Eastern Campaign service medal awarded to Lorenzo A. DuFau, who served in the US Navy. The medal is round and depicts a group of soldiers disembarking from a large ship below the text "EUROPEAN / AFRICAN MIDDLE / EASTERN CAMPAIGN" on the front, with the reverse showing a standing American bald eagle with the text "UNITED / STATES OF / AMERICA / 1941 / 1945". The medal hangs on a metal loop from a ribbon of green, brown, white, black, red, and navy blue stripes. A locking pin back is adhered to the back of the ribbon.

Topic

African American

Military

Race relations

World War II

Credit Line

Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture, Gift of Lorenzo A. DuFau

Object number

2009.5.4

Restrictions & Rights

No Known Copyright Restrictions

See more items in

National Museum of African American History and Culture Collection

Classification

Awards and Medals

Exhibition

Double Victory: The African American Military Experience

On View

NMAAHC (1400 Constitution Ave NW), National Mall Location, Community/Third Floor, 3 053

Data Source

National Museum of African American History and Culture

Manufactured by

Carl Zeiss, German, founded 1846

Used by

Robinson, Peter L. Sr., American, 1892 - 1979

Subject of

92d Infantry Division, American, 1917 - 1945

Medium

leather , glass and metal

Dimensions

without strap: 2 5/16 x 6 7/8 x 4 1/2 in. (5.9 x 17.5 x 11.4 cm)

with strap: 2 5/16 x 6 7/16 x 16 1/2 in. (5.9 x 16.4 x 41.9 cm)

Type

binoculars

Date

ca. 1917

Description

A set of black Zeiss-Stereo Day Marine Glass binoculars with Bausch & Lomb lenses and a brown leather strap.

Topic

African American

Military

World War I

Credit Line

Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture, Gift of Peter L. Robinson, Jr. and Marie Robinson Johnson

Object number

2010.18.2

Restrictions & Rights

Public domain

See more items in

National Museum of African American History and Culture Collection

Classification

Tools and Equipment-Military

Exhibition

Double Victory: The African American Military Experience

On View

NMAAHC (1400 Constitution Ave NW), National Mall Location, Community/Third Floor, 3 053

Data Source

National Museum of African American History and Culture

Manufactured by

Unidentified

Worn by

Robinson, Peter L. Sr., American, 1892 - 1979

Subject of

92d Infantry Division, American, 1917 - 1945

Medium

steel, leather, burlap, string and net

Dimensions

H x W: 5 x 11 1/2 x 12 in. (12.7 x 29.2 x 30.5 cm)

Type

helmets

Date

ca. 1917

Description

Steel helmet with leather chin strap and headband.

The exterior circumference of the headband fits inside of the helmet and is made of leather. There are slits every inch, in which cylindrical beads are inserted. The top portion is lined with a white burlap material and netting. The interior is lined with a shiny black fabric.

Topic

African American

Clothing and dress

Military

World War I

Credit Line

Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture, Gift of Peter L. Robinson, Jr. and Marie Robinson Johnson

Object number

2010.18.3ab

Restrictions & Rights

Public domain

See more items in

National Museum of African American History and Culture Collection

Classification

Clothing-Historical

Exhibition

Double Victory: The African American Military Experience

On View

NMAAHC (1400 Constitution Ave NW), National Mall Location, Community/Third Floor, 3 053

Data Source

National Museum of African American History and Culture

Manufactured by

Unidentified

Worn by

Robinson, Peter L. Sr., American, 1892 - 1979

Subject of

92d Infantry Division, American, 1917 - 1945

Medium

leather

Dimensions

2010.18.4a: 11 3/4 x 6 7/8 x 3 5/8 in. (29.8 x 17.5 x 9.2 cm)

2010.18.4b: 12 x 6 1/2 x 3 1/4 in. (30.5 x 16.5 x 8.3 cm)

Displayed together: 16 x 14 x 8 in. (40.6 x 35.6 x 20.3 cm)

Type

leggings

Date

ca. 1917

Description

A pair of brown leather leggings with leather strap and two buckle fasteners.

Topic

African American

Clothing and dress

Military

World War I

Credit Line

Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture, Gift of Peter L. Robinson, Jr. and Marie Robinson Johnson

Object number

2010.18.4ab

Restrictions & Rights

No Known Copyright Restrictions

See more items in

National Museum of African American History and Culture Collection

Classification

Clothing-Historical

Exhibition

Double Victory: The African American Military Experience

On View

NMAAHC (1400 Constitution Ave NW), National Mall Location, Community/Third Floor, 3 053

Data Source

National Museum of African American History and Culture

Manufactured by

Crouch & Fitzgerald, American, founded 1839

Owned by

Garrison, George Thompson, American, 1836 - 1904

Subject of

55th Massachusetts Infantry Regiment, American, 1863 - 1865

Medium

wood, leather, cotton, metal

Dimensions

trunk: 18 × 31 × 17 in. (45.7 × 78.7 × 43.2 cm)

insert tray: 3 9/16 × 29 5/8 × 15 3/4 in. (9 × 75.3 × 40 cm)

canvas bag: 12 5/8 × 30 11/16 × 16 9/16 in. (32 × 78 × 42 cm)

Type

trunks (containers)

Place made

New York City, New York, United States, North and Central America

Place used

Boston, Suffolk County, Massachusetts, United States, North and Central America

South Carolina, United States, North and Central America

Date

ca. 1860

Description

A traveling trunk owned by George Thompson Garrison while serving as an officer with the 55th Massachusetts Infantry Regiment. The wood, leather bound trunk is embossed throughout with four rows of brass rivets along the front, top and back of the base and lid. The leather is also stitched along the edges and lip of the trunk. Two metal buckles attached to leather straps are on the left and right sides of the front. A leather strap is attached to the top left of the trunk but the top right strap is removed. The removed strap is broken into nine pieces and includes a meral buckle. The leather is a different color where the original strap was located. A hinged lock plate is on the front of the base with the locking mechanism directly above it on the lid. Embossed below the lock plate on the base is “CROUCH & FITZGERALD / MAKERS / New York.” Embossed on the left and right sides of the trunk is “Geo T. Garrison.” The interior of the trunk has a removable cloth lined tray and a red leather pouch embedded into the cloth lined lid. Underneath the tray is a canvas bag with “Geo T. Garrison.” printed on each side in black paint. The canvas bag is torn in several places.

Topic

African American

Military

Slavery

United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865

Credit Line

Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture

Object number

2010.24a-d

Restrictions & Rights

No known copyright restrictions

See more items in

National Museum of African American History and Culture Collection

Classification

Slavery and Freedom Objects

Tools and Equipment-Military

Exhibition

Double Victory: The African American Military Experience

On View

NMAAHC (1400 Constitution Ave NW), National Mall Location, Community/Third Floor, 3 053

Data Source

National Museum of African American History and Culture

Written by

Col. Young, Charles, American, 1864 - 1922

Received by

Price, Oscar W., American, born 1894

Medium

ink on paper (fiber product)

Dimensions

H x W: 5 7/8 x 6 1/2 in. (14.9 x 16.5 cm)

Type

itineraries

Place depicted

Wilberforce, Greene, Ohio, United States, North and Central America

Washington, District of Columbia, United States, North and Central America

Date

1918

Description

Black typewritten text printed on yellowed paper, at the top is [ITINERARY OF COL. CHARLES YOUNG.] At the bottom is [Total number of miles 497. / Rest one day, trip 16 days. / Walked 15 min. out of each hr. / Average 31 miles.]

Transcription Center Status

Transcribed by digital volunteers

Topic

African American

Correspondence

Local and regional

Military

Race discrimination

Resistance

World War I

Credit Line

Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture

Object number

2010.39.3

Restrictions & Rights

Public domain

See more items in

National Museum of African American History and Culture Collection

Classification

Documents and Published Materials

Exhibition

Double Victory: The African American Military Experience

On View

NMAAHC (1400 Constitution Ave NW), National Mall Location, Community/Third Floor, 3 053

Data Source

National Museum of African American History and Culture

Written by

Col. Young, Charles, American, 1864 - 1922

Received by

Price, Oscar W., American, born 1894

Medium

ink on paper (fiber product)

Dimensions

H x W: 10 3/4 x 7 5/16 in. (27.3 x 18.6 cm)

Type

letters (correspondence)

Place made

Wilberforce, Greene County, Ohio, United States, North and Central America

Date

August 14, 1918

Description

A typewritten letter printed in black ink on yellowed paper. At the top is [Wilberforce, Ohio, Aug. 14, 1918]. The letter is addressed to [Sergt. Oscar W. Price] at Camp Hancock, Georgia and signed [Chas. Young]. The letter concerns Young's decision not to give Price a recommendation, writing [You have the stuff in you and don't stand in need of any recommendatory letters]. Young also notes that he has enclosed an itinerary (2010.39.3) of his trip to Washington, DC, to lobby for his reinstatement to active duty.

Transcription Center Status

Transcribed by digital volunteers

Topic

African American

Correspondence

Men

Military

Race discrimination

Resistance

World War I

Credit Line

Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture

Object number

2010.39.5

Restrictions & Rights

Public domain

See more items in

National Museum of African American History and Culture Collection

Classification

Documents and Published Materials

Exhibition

Double Victory: The African American Military Experience

On View

NMAAHC (1400 Constitution Ave NW), National Mall Location, Community/Third Floor, 3 053

Data Source

National Museum of African American History and Culture

Created by

Kelly, Thomas

Subject of

Douglass, Frederick, American, 1818 - 1895

Delany, Martin Robison, American, 1812 - 1885

Revels, Hiram Rhodes, American, 1827 - 1901

President Grant, Ulysses S., American, 1822 - 1885

Colfax, Schulyer, American, 1823 - 1885

President Lincoln, Abraham, American, 1809 - 1865

Recorded by

Brown, John, American, 1800 - 1859

Medium

lithographic ink on paper

Dimensions

H x W: 20 1/2 x 26 1/4 in. (52.1 x 66.7 cm)

Type

color lithographs

Place depicted

Baltimore, Maryland, United States, North and Central America

Date

1870

Description

At center, a depiction of a parade in celebration of the passing of the 15th Amendment. Framing it are portraits and vignettes illustrating the rights granted by the 15th Amendment: "We till our own fields," "The Ballot Box is Open to Us," "We Unite in the Bonds of Fellowship with the Whole Human Race," etc.

Topic

African American

Art

Civil Rights

Law

Military

Politics (Practical)

Reconstruction (United States History, 1865-1877)

Credit Line

Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture

Object number

2010.45.11

Restrictions & Rights

Public Domain

See more items in

National Museum of African American History and Culture Collection

Classification

Visual Arts

Exhibition

Double Victory: The African American Military Experience

On View

NMAAHC (1400 Constitution Ave NW), National Mall Location, Community/Third Floor, 3 053

Data Source

National Museum of African American History and Culture

Photograph by

Unidentified

Subject of

Cookman, Pauline C., American, born 1922

Medium

silver and photographic gelatin on photographic paper with pigment

Dimensions

H x W (Image and Sheet): 6 13/16 x 5 in. (17.3 x 12.7 cm)

Type

chromogenic color prints

portraits

Date

ca. 1945

Description

Hand tinted photograph of a Women's Army Corps soldier wearing a khaki uniform. It is inscribed "to mom love Polly" in the lower right corner on the front. The photograph has the name "Pauline Cookman" written on the back.

Topic

African American

Military

Photography

United States--History--1945-1953

Women

World War II

Credit Line

Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture

Object number

2011.155.135

Restrictions & Rights

Unknown – Restrictions Possible

See more items in

National Museum of African American History and Culture Collection

Classification

Media Arts-Photography

Exhibition

Double Victory: The African American Military Experience

On View

NMAAHC (1400 Constitution Ave NW), National Mall Location, Community/Third Floor, 3 053

Data Source

National Museum of African American History and Culture

Issued by

United Spanish War Veterans, American, 1904 - 1992

Medium

bronze and ribbon

Dimensions

2 5/8 x 7/8 x 1/4 in. (6.7 x 2.2 x 0.6 cm)

Type

medals

Date

after 1904

Description

A bronze three piece Spanish American War Veterans medal with ribbon issued to members of the United Spanish War Veterans. At the top of the medal is bronze American eagle in mid-flight within a laurel wreath in front of a shield with vertical stripes and five-pointed stars. Attached to this piece is a ribbon in the shape of an American flag hanging vertically with thirteen stripes and thirteen stars. Attached to the bottom of the ribbon is a bronze piece consisting of a cavalry saber, an infantry rifle, and a naval anchor, all crossed. Attached to this piece is the final component of the medal which is a bronze Spanish American War cross, with the four arms (clockwise from right to left), reading: "PORTO RICO/ CUBA/ PHILIPPINES/ USA". This cross also contains the dates "1898-1902" with the words "SPANISH WAR VETERANS" surround a small circular military scene. On the reverse side of the cross the four arms read (clockwise from right to left): "NORTH/ SOUTH/ EAST/ WEST." At the center circle of the cross is a field of five-pointed stars and vertical stripes with the word "UNITED" atop the field of stars and stripes.

Topic

African American

Military

Spanish-American War, 1898

Credit Line

Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture

Object number

2011.155.217

Restrictions & Rights

No Known Copyright Restrictions

See more items in

National Museum of African American History and Culture Collection

Classification

Awards and Medals

Exhibition

Double Victory: The African American Military Experience

On View

NMAAHC (1400 Constitution Ave NW), National Mall Location, Community/Third Floor, 3 053

Data Source

National Museum of African American History and Culture

Manufactured by

Unidentified

Distributed by

United States Army, American, founded 1775

Subject of

93rd Infantry Division, American, 1917 - 1919

Medium

wool, wood, tooth or horn

Dimensions

Tunic on form: 27 1/2 x 24 1/2 x 14 1/2 in. (69.9 x 62.2 x 36.8 cm)

Cigarette holder: 3 3/4 x 7/16 in. (9.5 x 1.1 cm)

Type

military uniforms

Date

1914-1918

Description

A World War I enlisted soldier's olive drab tunic with a 2nd Lieutenant cloth insignia on the shoulder strap and a 93rd Infantry Division patch on the shoulder. A cigarette holder (2011.155.299b) made of wood and tooth or horn was discovered inside one of the pockets.

Topic

African American

Buffalo Soldiers

Clothing and dress

Military

World War I

Credit Line

Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture

Object number

2011.155.299ab

Restrictions & Rights

No Known Copyright Restrictions

See more items in

National Museum of African American History and Culture Collection

Classification

Clothing-Historical

Exhibition

Double Victory: The African American Military Experience

On View

NMAAHC (1400 Constitution Ave NW), National Mall Location, Community/Third Floor, 3 053

Data Source

National Museum of African American History and Culture

Issued by

State of Connecticut, American, founded 1778

Subject of

Continental Army, American, 1775 - 1796

4th Connecticut Regiment, 1775 - 1783

Signed by

Little, Jack, American

Lawrence, Samuel, American

Butler, Richard, American

Medium

ink on paper

Dimensions

H x W: 4 3/16 x 8 5/16 in. (10.6 x 21.1 cm)

Type

receipts

Place used

Connecticut, United States, North and Central America

Date

1782

Description

Revolutionary War payment receipt owned by Jack Little, a soldier from the 2nd Company, 4th Regiment of the Connecticut Line, in the Continental Army. The receipt is printed on yellowed paper with black ink. It has a printed border with the words “FOR THE PAYMENT OF” at the top and “THE CONNECTICUT LINE” at the bottom. At the center of the document is printed text with blank spaces. Additional handwritten words and numbers have been recorded in the document in order to complete it. The left side of the document has been trimmed and there is a circular hole in the center of the paper. On the back of the certificate additional payments are recorded with handwritten notes in black ink by at least two different people. Also written on the back is Jack Little’s mark.

Topic

African American

Business

Colonial America

Military

United States--History--Revolution, 1775-1783

Credit Line

Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture

Object number

2011.155.313

Restrictions & Rights

No Known Copyright Restrictions

See more items in

National Museum of African American History and Culture Collection

Classification

Documents and Published Materials-Business and Legal Documents

Exhibition

Double Victory: The African American Military Experience

On View

NMAAHC (1400 Constitution Ave NW), National Mall Location, Community/Third Floor, 3 053

Data Source

National Museum of African American History and Culture

Photograph by

Unidentified

Subject of

Unidentified Man or Men

Medium

albumen and silver on photographic paper on card mount

Dimensions

H x W: 3 15/16 x 2 7/16 in. (10 x 6.2 cm)

H x W x D (Framed): 4 1/8 x 2 11/16 x 1 1/2 in. (10.5 x 6.8 x 3.8 cm)

Type

cartes-de-visite

albumen prints

portraits

Date

late 19th century

Description

An off white and black studio photograph of an African American sailor standing with his right hand resting on a small pillar. His left hand is resting on his hip and his left arm is bent at the elbow. He is wearing a sailor’s uniform with an unidentifiable lozenge on left sleeve. A book is on the pillar and a curtain is on the left side of the photograph. Below the image written in pencil is “Jim” and “my servant.” The photograph is inscribed on the back.

Topic

African American

Military

Photography

United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865

Credit Line

Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture

Object number

2011.155.55

Restrictions & Rights

Public Domain

See more items in

National Museum of African American History and Culture Collection

Classification

Media Arts-Photography

Exhibition

Double Victory: The African American Military Experience

On View

NMAAHC (1400 Constitution Ave NW), National Mall Location, Community/Third Floor, 3 053

Data Source

National Museum of African American History and Culture