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  • Medal of Honor bestowed on Sergeant Cornelius H. Charlton

    Issued by
    United States Congress, American, founded 1789
    Received by
    Sergeant Charlton, Cornelius H., American, 1929 - 1951
    Subject of
    United States Army, American, founded 1775
    Date
    1952
    On View
    Community/Third Floor, 3 053A
    Exhibition
    Double Victory: The African American Military Experience
    Medium
    Medal: metal, brass, gold plating, and enamel;
    Neck and service ribbons: silk;
    Case: plastic, brass, and velvet
    Dimensions
    Medal: H x W x D: 2 1/4 × 1 1/2 × 1/16 in. (5.7 × 3.8 × 0.2 cm)
    Neck Ribbon: H x W: 1 1/4 × 22 in. (3.2 × 55.9 cm)
    Service Ribbon: H x W x D: 1 7/16 × 3/8 × 1/8 in. (3.7 × 1 × 0.3 cm)
    Case: H x W x D: 6 5/8 × 3 5/16 × 1 1/16 in. (16.8 × 8.4 × 2.7 cm)
    Description
    The medal (.1a) consists of a gold five pointed star, each point tipped with trefoils, surrounded by a green laurel wreath and suspended from a gold bar inscribed [VALOR], surmounted by an eagle. In the center of the star is Minerva’s head surrounded by the words [UNITED STATES OF AMERICA]. On each ray of the star is a green oak leaf. On the recto, the bar is engraved with [THE CONGRESS TO] with [SGT/CORNELIUS H./CHARLTON/CO C. 24TH INF REGT/25TH INF DIV.USA] engraved on the star.
    The neck ribbon (.1b) is blue silk with two snaps on either end for the wearer to attach the ribbon around his neck. The center of the ribbon is covered in blue silk with 13 white stars.
    The service ribbon (.2) is a rectangular bar covered in blue silk with five white stars.
    The case (.3) has a clear plastic top with blue velvet and gold bordered insert.
    Collection title
    Sergeant Cornelius H. Charlton Collection
    Classification
    Awards and Medals
    Type
    medals
    Topic
    Korean War, 1950-1953
    Military
    Credit Line
    Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture, Gift of Ray R. and Patricia A.D. Charlton in memory of Cornelius H. Charlton
    Object number
    2013.165.1.1ab-.3
    Restrictions & Rights
    No Known Copyright Restrictions
    Usage
    Usage conditions apply
    GUID
    http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/fd5faa0892b-03f6-408a-b319-36e1f01aefce
  • Edward Theodore Taylor Oral History Interview

    Created by
    National Museum of African American History and Culture, American, founded 2003
    Recorded by
    Patrick Telepictures, Inc., American
    Interview of
    Taylor, Edward Theodore, American, 1932 - 2020
    Interviewed by
    Navies, Kelly Elaine, American
    Subject of
    United States Armed Forces, American, founded 1775
    Date
    July 18, 2016
    Medium
    digital
    Dimensions
    Duration (2016.129.6.1a): 95.9 minutes
    Duration (2016.129.6.2a): 92.9 minutes
    Description
    The oral history consists of 2016.129.6.1a and 2016.129.6.2a: two versions (unedited, and edited) of a single digital video recording.
    152.84613 GB
    Edward Taylor was interviewed as part of the NMAAHC Donor Oral History Collection. Mr. Taylor donated a photograph of himself that was taken in Korea during the Korean War to the National Museum of African American History and Culture. He was 19 years old at the time the photograph was taken.
    Edward Taylor vividly recounts his childhood in the segregated world of Maryland’s eastern shore, including a particularly tragic incident involving racial violence. He continues on to tell the story of his experience as a combat infantryman during the Korean War, after the US military had been recently integrated. This story includes the tale of how he earned two Purple Hearts. Later, after he returns to the United States, he recounts a racial incident that lead him to discard his Purple Hearts in the Chesapeake Bay. The last part of the interview is devoted to his role as a pioneering educator in the desegregation of the public schools in Wicomico County, Maryland.
    Place collected
    Randallstown, Baltimore County, Maryland, United States, North and Central America
    Place depicted
    Wicomico County, Maryland, United States, North and Central America
    Collection title
    The Collection Donor Oral History Project
    Classification
    Media Arts-Film and Video
    Type
    video recordings
    oral histories
    digital media - born digital
    Topic
    Civil rights
    Communities
    Education
    Korean War, 1950-1953
    Military
    Museums
    Race discrimination
    Segregation
    U.S. History, 1953-1961
    U.S. History, 1961-1969
    Violence
    Credit Line
    Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture
    Object number
    2016.129.6.1a-.2a
    Restrictions & Rights
    © Smithsonian National Museum of African American History & Culture
    Usage
    Usage conditions apply
    GUID
    http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/fd5a7cb40a5-8944-499b-992b-a70f620fc31b
  • William Saunders Oral History Interview

    Created by
    Civil Rights History Project, American, founded 2009
    Interview of
    Saunders, William, American, born 1935
    Interviewed by
    Taylor, Kieran Walsh
    Subject of
    Jenkins, Esau, American, 1910 - 1972
    Highlander Folk School, American
    Charleston Hospital Workers Movement, American, 1968 - 1969
    Date
    June 9, 2011
    Medium
    digital
    Dimensions
    Duration: 01:23:43
    Description
    The oral history consists of four digital files: 2011.174.27.1a, 2011.174.27.1b, 2011.174.27.1c, and 2011.174.27.1d.
    William Saunders remembers his childhood on Johns Island, South Carolina, and working with Esau Jenkins, a local civil rights leader. He recalls serving in the army during the Korean War, attending the Highlander Folk School, and working at a mattress factory. He also discusses founding the Lowcountry Newsletter, helping the workers in the Charleston Hospital Strike of 1969, and running unsuccessfully for the state senate.
    LOC ID: afc2010039_crhp0027
    Place collected
    Charleston, Berkeley County, South Carolina, United States, North and Central America
    Place depicted
    Johns Island, Charleston+County"&op=Search">Charleston County, South Carolina, United States, North and Central America
    Collection title
    Civil Rights History Project
    Classification
    Media Arts-Film and Video
    Movement
    Civil Rights Movement
    Type
    video recordings
    oral histories
    digital media - born digital
    Topic
    Activism
    American South
    Civil rights
    Education
    Korean War, 1950-1953
    Labor
    Mass media
    Politics (Practical)
    Social reform
    U.S. History, 1961-1969
    Credit Line
    Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture in partnership with the American Folklife Center, Library of Congress
    Object number
    2011.174.27.1a-d
    Restrictions & Rights
    © Smithsonian National Museum of African American History & Culture and The American Folklife Center, Library of Congress
    Usage
    Usage conditions apply
    GUID
    http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/fd59da103e0-e32a-4bd1-8355-ae9062944c9d
  • Clarence B. Jones, Ph.D. Oral History Interview

    Created by
    Civil Rights History Project, American, founded 2009
    Interview of
    Jones, Clarence B. Ph.D., American, born 1931
    Interviewed by
    Cline, David P. Ph. D., American, born 1969
    Subject of
    Dr. King, Martin Luther Jr., American, 1929 - 1968
    March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom, American, founded 1963
    Columbia University, American, founded 1754
    Norton, Anne Aston Warder, American
    Boston University School of Law, American, founded 1872
    Date
    April 15, 2013
    Medium
    digital
    Dimensions
    Duration: 02:43:08
    Description
    The oral history consists of twelve digital files: 2011.174.84.1a, 2011.174.84.1b, 2011.174.84.1c, 2011.174.84.1d, 2011.174.84.1e, 2011.174.84.1f, 2011.174.84.1g, 2011.174.84.1h, 2011.174.84.1i, 2011.174.84.1j, and 2011.174.84.1k, 2011.174.84.1l.
    Dr. Clarence B. Jones shares memories from his work as a legal advisor and speechwriter for Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. In particular, he describes his significant contributions to the "I Have a Dream" speech, which King delivered at the March on Washington in 1963. Jones also describes his early life living in a Philadelphia home for indigent black orphans and foster children, because his parents, who were both domestic workers, could not afford to provide for him. Jones talks about his education at Columbia University, his training as a classical clarinetist, and some of his early encounters with leftist politics while in New York. Jones discusses the death of his mother and the profound effect it had on him. He describes his time spent in the military during the Korean War. Other topics discussed in the interview include Jones's marriage to Anne Norton, his studies at Boston University Law School, and his move to California to become an entertainment lawyer.
    LOC ID: afc2010039_crhp0084
    Place collected
    Palo Alto, Santa Clara County, California, United States, North and Central America
    Place depicted
    Washington, District of Columbia, United States, North and Central America
    Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States, North and Central America
    New York, United States, North and Central America
    Boston, Suffolk County, Massachusetts, United States, North and Central America
    California, United States, North and Central America
    Collection title
    Civil Rights History Project
    Classification
    Media Arts-Film and Video
    Movement
    Civil Rights Movement
    March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom
    Type
    video recordings
    oral histories
    digital media - born digital
    Topic
    Children
    Civil rights
    Education
    Instrumentalists (Musicians)
    Korean War, 1950-1953
    Law
    Military
    U.S. History, 1961-1969
    Credit Line
    Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture in partnership with the American Folklife Center, Library of Congress
    Object number
    2011.174.84.1a-l
    Restrictions & Rights
    © Smithsonian National Museum of African American History & Culture and The American Folklife Center, Library of Congress
    Usage
    Usage conditions apply
    GUID
    http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/fd558dce1a2-b00d-4f21-af61-d72ff93568a5
  • Photographic print of a sergeant and bride surrounded by wedding guests

    Photograph by
    Unidentified
    Subject of
    Unidentified Woman or Women
    Unidentified Man or Men
    Unidentified Child or Children
    Date
    1950s
    Medium
    photographic gelatin and silver on photographic paper
    Dimensions
    H x W: 3 5/16 × 4 1/2 in. (8.4 × 11.4 cm)
    Description
    A black and white photograph of a groom and bride. The groom is wearing his Army master sergeant's uniform. The bride, a Korean woman, is wearing a white dress and headpiece. Seated with the couple, are two other women in white dresses holding flowers and two children, who are also dressed in white. There are several other soldiers in the background. The reverse side has a caption: [The only one of our engr. Batt to marry a Korean "Moose."]
    Place depicted
    Korea, Asia
    Classification
    Media Arts-Photography
    Type
    black-and-white photographs
    Topic
    Children
    Families
    Korean War, 1950-1953
    Marriage customs and rites
    Military
    Credit Line
    Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture
    Object number
    2011.155.143
    Restrictions & Rights
    No Known Copyright Restrictions
    Usage
    Not determined
    GUID
    http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/fd55576daa9-1c33-40ca-acd2-142b61d0dc17
  • Purple Heart medal bestowed on Sergeant Cornelius H. Charlton

    Issued by
    United States Army, American, founded 1775
    Received by
    Sergeant Charlton, Cornelius H., American, 1929 - 1951
    Date
    1952
    On View
    Community/Third Floor, 3 053
    Exhibition
    Double Victory: The African American Military Experience
    Medium
    metal, enamel, bronze, ribbon
    Dimensions
    Purple Heart Medal (2.1): 3 3/8 × 1 9/16 × 3/8 in. (8.6 × 4 × 1 cm)
    Case (2.2) - Closed: 1 3/8 × 3 9/16 × 6 9/16 in. (3.5 × 9 × 16.7 cm)
    Case (2.2) - Open: 7 × 3 9/16 × 6 7/8 in. (17.8 × 9 × 17.5 cm)
    Description
    The Purple Heart award is a heart-shaped medal within a gold border, 1 inch (35 mm) wide, containing a profile of General George Washington. Above the heart appears a shield of the coat of arms of George Washington (a white shield with two red bars and three red stars in chief) between sprays of green leaves. The reverse consists of a raised bronze heart with the words FOR MILITARY MERIT below the coat of arms and leaves. The ribbon is 1 inch (35 mm) wide and consists of the following stripes: (3 mm) white 67101; (29 mm) purple 67115; and (3 mm) white 67101.
    Collection title
    Sergeant Cornelius H. Charlton Collection
    Classification
    Awards and Medals
    Type
    medals
    Topic
    Korean War, 1950-1953
    Military
    Credit Line
    Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture, Gift of Ray R. and Patricia A.D. Charlton in memory of Cornelius H. Charlton
    Object number
    2013.165.2.1-.2
    Restrictions & Rights
    No Known Copyright Restrictions
    Usage
    Not determined
    GUID
    http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/fd5a959d75e-f3ce-4897-bc26-49edccbe8d69
  • James Monroe High School Hall of Fame coin honoring Sgt. Cornelius H. Charlton

    Issued by
    James Monroe High School, American, 1924 - 1994
    Subject of
    Sergeant Charlton, Cornelius H., American, 1929 - 1951
    Date
    1969
    Medium
    metal
    Dimensions
    Diameter: 2 × 1/8 in. (5.1 × 0.3 cm)
    Description
    Bronze colored coin with [James Monroe High School/June 6, 1969] in a square frame surrounded by a laurel and oak wreath on recto. On verso is a Greek woman holding a torch in her left hand with [HALL OF FAME/Cornelius Charlton Posthumously] inscribed.
    Collection title
    Sergeant Cornelius H. Charlton Collection
    Classification
    Awards and Medals
    Type
    coins
    Topic
    Korean War, 1950-1953
    Military
    Credit Line
    Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture, Gift of Ray R. and Patricia A.D. Charlton in memory of Cornelius H. Charlton
    Object number
    2013.165.3
    Restrictions & Rights
    No Known Copyright Restrictions
    Usage
    Not determined
    GUID
    http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/fd55a7b240c-a180-4f72-9944-e9d290873425
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