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  • John and Jean Rosenburg Oral History Interview

    Created by
    Civil Rights History Project, American, founded 2009
    Interview of
    Rosenburg, John J. D., born 1931
    Rosenburg, Jean, American
    Interviewed by
    Cline, David P. Ph. D., American, born 1969
    Subject of
    Quakers, English, founded c. 1650
    National Socialist German Workers' Party, German, 1920 - 1945
    Wilmington College, American, founded 1870
    United States Department of Justice Civil Rights Division, American, founded 1957
    Federal Bureau of Investigation, American, founded 1908
    Duke University, American, founded 1838
    United States Air Force, American, founded 1947
    University of North Carolina School of Law, American, founded 1845
    Doar, John Andrew, American, 1921 - 2014
    Turnbow, Hartman, American, 1905 - 1988
    Voting Rights Act, American, founded 1965
    Appalachian Citizens' Law Center, American, founded 2002
    Date
    August 15, 2013
    Medium
    digital
    Dimensions
    Duration: 02:36:57
    Description
    The oral history consists of ten digital files: 2011.174.100.1a, 2011.174.100.1b, 2011.174.100.1c, 2011.174.100.1d, 2011.174.100.1e, 2011.174.100.1f, 2011.174.100.1g, 2011.174.100.1h, 2011.174.100.1i, and 2011.174.100.1j.
    Jean and John Rosenberg, J. D. begin this interview with recollections of their families' backgrounds. Jean learned about social issues as she was raised by a Quaker family in Pennsylvania, and John's family fled Germany under threat from the Nazis. Jean attended Wilmington College and became a research analyst for the Department of Justice's Civil Rights Division. John grew up in Gastonia, North Carolina, where FBI agents kept tabs on his family, attended Duke University, served in the Air Force, and attended the University of North Carolina School of Law. He became an attorney with the Department of Justice's Civil Rights Division, which became effective after reorganization by John Doar. Much of this interview concerns Jean and John's work with the Civil Rights Division, including support for voter registration efforts in Georgia and Alabama, the investigation of the Hartman Turnbow case, in which a black activist was arrested for an arson attempt on his own home, and an effort to address a murder in Mississippi. John also addresses the effects of the Voting Rights Act in the South, the role of the lawyers in the Civil Rights Division in relation to the FBI and local law enforcement, and a variety of other cases and issues he dealt with. After retirement, the Rosenbergs founded the Appalachian Citizens Law Center.
    LOC ID: afc2010039_crhp0100
    Place collected
    Prestonburg, Floyd County, Kentucky, United States, North and Central America
    Place depicted
    Pennsylvania, United States, North and Central America
    Germany, Europe
    Gastonia, Gaston County, North Carolina, United States, North and Central America
    Georgia, United States, North and Central America
    Alabama, United States, North and Central America
    Mississippi, United States, North and Central America
    Collection title
    Civil Rights History Project
    Classification
    Media Arts-Film and Video
    Movement
    Civil Rights Movement
    Type
    video recordings
    oral histories
    digital media - born digital
    Topic
    Activism
    American South
    Associations and institutions
    Civil rights
    Education
    Law
    Military
    Social reform
    Suffrage
    U.S. History, 1961-1969
    U.S. History, 2001-
    Credit Line
    Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture in partnership with the American Folklife Center, Library of Congress
    Object number
    2011.174.100.1a-j
    Restrictions & Rights
    © Smithsonian National Museum of African American History & Culture and The American Folklife Center, Library of Congress
    Usage
    Usage conditions apply
    GUID
    http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/fd58950827d-d062-433f-b281-3f5890b3c305
  • Ekwueme Michael Thelwell, Ph.D. Oral History Interview

    Created by
    Civil Rights History Project, American, founded 2009
    Interview of
    Thelwell, Ekwueme Michael Ph.D., Jamaican, born 1939
    Interviewed by
    Dr. Crosby, Emilye Ph. D., American
    Subject of
    Howard University, American, founded 1867
    Howard University Nonviolent Action Group, American, founded 1960s
    Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee, American, 1960 - 1970s
    Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party, American, founded 1964
    Date
    August 23, 2013
    Medium
    digital
    Dimensions
    Duration: 04:15:05
    Description
    The oral history consists of twenty-four digital files: 2011.174.104.1a, 2011.174.104.1b, 2011.174.104.1c, 2011.174.104.1d, 2011.174.104.1e, 2011.174.104.1f, 2011.174.104.1g, 2011.174.104.1h, 2011.174.104.1i, 2011.174.104.1j, 2011.174.104.1k, 2011.174.104.1l, 2011.174.104.1m, 2011.174.104.1n, 2011.174.104.1o, 2011.174.104.1p, 2011.174.104.1q, 2011.174.104.1r, 2011.174.104.1s, 2011.174.104.1t, 2011.174.104.1u, 2011.174.104.1v, 2011.174.104.1w, and 2011.174.104.1x.
    Ekwueme Michael Thelwell, Ph.D. remembers his time as a student activist at Howard University and his experiences with the Nonviolent Action Group (NAG), the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC), and the Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party (MFDP). Working primarily out of Washington, D.C., Thelwell marched in and organized demonstrations and made major contributions to SNCC and MFDP strategy around voter registration and the MFDP's 1965 effort to challenge the seating of the Mississippi congressional delegation. He details the developing MFDP strategy, his attempts to navigate Washington politics, and his relationships with various figures involved in the effort.
    LOC ID: afc2010039_crhp0104
    Place collected
    Pelham, Hampshire County, Massachusetts, United States, North and Central America
    Place depicted
    Washington, District of Columbia, United States, North and Central America
    Mississippi, United States, North and Central America
    Collection title
    Civil Rights History Project
    Classification
    Media Arts-Film and Video
    Movement
    Civil Rights Movement
    Mississippi Freedom Summer
    Type
    video recordings
    oral histories
    digital media - born digital
    Topic
    Activism
    Associations and institutions
    Civil rights
    Education
    HBCUs (Historically Black Colleges and Universities)
    Local and regional
    Politics (Practical)
    Social reform
    Suffrage
    U.S. History, 1961-1969
    Credit Line
    Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture in partnership with the American Folklife Center, Library of Congress
    Object number
    2011.174.104.1a-x
    Restrictions & Rights
    © Smithsonian National Museum of African American History & Culture and The American Folklife Center, Library of Congress
    Usage
    Usage conditions apply
    GUID
    http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/fd58bcbe04b-649e-433a-a73a-5acf4694c2e1
  • Annie Pearl Avery Oral History Interview

    Created by
    Civil Rights History Project, American, founded 2009
    Interview of
    Avery, Anne Pearl, American, born 1943
    Interviewed by
    Mosnier, Joseph Ph. D.
    Subject of
    Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee, American, 1960 - 1970s
    Moore, William Lewis, American, 1927 - 1963
    Date
    May 31, 2011
    Medium
    digital
    Dimensions
    Duration: 01:31:05
    Description
    The oral history consists of seven digital files: 2011.174.19.1a, 2011.174.19.1b, 2011.174.19.1c, 2011.174.19.1d, 2011.174.19.1e, 2011.174.19.1f, and 2011.174.19.1g.
    Annie Pearl Avery remembers her childhood in Birmingham, Alabama, and Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, and joining the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) at age sixteen. She recalls attending a SNCC meeting in Atlanta and being stranded and threatened in Marietta, Georgia, on the way home. She discusses her involvement in the Albany Movement, her many arrests for protesting, marching with William Moore, and participating in voter registration drives in many locations across the South.
    LOC ID: afc2010039_crhp0019
    Place collected
    Selma, Dallas County, Alabama, United States, North and Central America
    Place depicted
    Birmingham, Jefferson County, Alabama, United States, North and Central America
    Pittsburgh, Allegheny County, Pennsylvania, United States, North and Central America
    Atlanta, Fulton County, Georgia, United States, North and Central America
    Marietta, Cobb County, Georgia, United States, North and Central America
    Albany, Dougherty County, Georgia, United States, North and Central America
    Collection title
    Civil Rights History Project
    Classification
    Media Arts-Film and Video
    Movement
    Civil Rights Movement
    Albany Movement
    Type
    video recordings
    oral histories
    digital media - born digital
    Topic
    Activism
    American South
    Associations and institutions
    Civil rights
    Law
    Politics (Practical)
    Social reform
    Suffrage
    U.S. History, 1953-1961
    Credit Line
    Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture in partnership with the American Folklife Center, Library of Congress
    Object number
    2011.174.19.1a-g
    Restrictions & Rights
    © Smithsonian National Museum of African American History & Culture and The American Folklife Center, Library of Congress
    Usage
    Usage conditions apply
    GUID
    http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/fd504254ce9-4699-4f5d-96ee-572dcd40a6a3
  • Gwendolyn M. Patton Oral History Interview

    Created by
    Civil Rights History Project, American, founded 2009
    Interview of
    Patton, Gwendolyn M., American, born 1943
    Interviewed by
    Mosnier, Joseph Ph. D.
    Subject of
    Tuskegee Institute, American, founded 1881
    Freedom Riders, American, founded 1961
    Dexter Avenue Baptist Church, American, founded 1877
    Date
    June 1, 2011
    Medium
    digital
    Dimensions
    Duration: 01:51:26
    Description
    The oral history consists of eight digital files: 2011.174.20.1a, 2011.174.20.1b, 2011.174.20.1c, 2011.174.20.1d, 2011.174.20.1e, 2011.174.20.1f, 2011.174.20.1g, and 2011.174.20.1h.
    Gwendolyn Patton discusses attending the Tuskegee Institute, where she became involved in many civil rights organizations and was elected student body president. She recalls hosting the Freedom Riders in 1961, and spending a year in a segregated sanitarium when she had tuberculosis. She recounts organizing Tuskegee students for the Selma to Montgomery March, occupying the Dexter Avenue Baptist Church, and registering voters in Lowndes County.
    LOC ID: afc2010039_crhp0020
    Place collected
    Montgomery, Alabama, United States, North and Central America
    Place depicted
    Selma, Dallas County, Alabama, United States, North and Central America
    Lowndes County, Alabama, United States, North and Central America
    Collection title
    Civil Rights History Project
    Classification
    Media Arts-Film and Video
    Movement
    Civil Rights Movement
    Freedom Riders
    Selma to Montgomery Marches
    Type
    video recordings
    oral histories
    digital media - born digital
    Topic
    Activism
    American South
    Associations and institutions
    Civil rights
    HBCUs (Historically Black Colleges and Universities)
    Medicine
    Politics (Practical)
    Social reform
    Suffrage
    U.S. History, 1961-1969
    Credit Line
    Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture in partnership with the American Folklife Center, Library of Congress
    Object number
    2011.174.20.1a-h
    Restrictions & Rights
    © Smithsonian National Museum of African American History & Culture and The American Folklife Center, Library of Congress
    Usage
    Usage conditions apply
    GUID
    http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/fd5b935803a-91d5-443e-b2c4-1c6ba93b5951
  • Charles F. McDew Oral History Interview

    Created by
    Civil Rights History Project, American, founded 2009
    Interview of
    McDew, Charles F., American, born 1938
    Interviewed by
    Mosnier, Joseph Ph. D.
    Subject of
    Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee, American, 1960 - 1970s
    Date
    June 4, 2011
    Medium
    digital
    Dimensions
    Duration: 01:21:53
    Description
    The oral history consists of five digital files: 2011.174.21.1a, 2011.174.21.1b, 2011.174.21.1c, 2011.174.21.1d, and 2011.174.21.1e.
    Charles McDew recalls growing up in Massillon, Ohio, his family's involvement in the steel mill unions and attending South Carolina State University. He remembers being arrested three times in two days for not obeying segregation laws in South Carolina, founding the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC), and registering voters in Mississippi.
    LOC ID: afc2010039_crhp0021
    Place collected
    Albany, Dougherty County, Georgia, United States, North and Central America
    Place depicted
    Massillon, Stark County, Ohio, United States, North and Central America
    South Carolina, United States, North and Central America
    Mississippi, United States, North and Central America
    Collection title
    Civil Rights History Project
    Classification
    Media Arts-Film and Video
    Movement
    Civil Rights Movement
    Type
    video recordings
    oral histories
    digital media - born digital
    Topic
    Activism
    American South
    Civil rights
    Labor
    Law
    Politics (Practical)
    Segregation
    Social reform
    Suffrage
    U.S. History, 1961-1969
    Credit Line
    Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture in partnership with the American Folklife Center, Library of Congress
    Object number
    2011.174.21.1a-e
    Restrictions & Rights
    © Smithsonian National Museum of African American History & Culture and The American Folklife Center, Library of Congress
    Usage
    Usage conditions apply
    GUID
    http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/fd51bb04874-8b8f-4ce6-84ef-06a6bfed18bf
  • Gloria Hayes Richardson Oral History Interview

    Created by
    Civil Rights History Project, American, founded 2009
    Interview of
    Richardson, Gloria St. Clair Hayes, American, born 1922
    Interviewed by
    Mosnier, Joseph Ph. D.
    Subject of
    Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee, American, 1960 - 1970s
    Cambridge Nonviolent Action Committee, American, founded 1962
    Frazier, E. Franklin, American, 1894 - 1962
    March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom, American, founded 1963
    Nation of Islam, American, founded 1930
    X, Malcolm, American, 1925 - 1965
    Date
    July 19, 2011
    Medium
    digital
    Dimensions
    Duration: 01:32:37
    Description
    The oral history consists of five digital files: 2011.174.35.1a, 2011.174.35.1b, 2011.174.35.1c, 2011.174.35.1d, and 2011.174.35.1e.
    Gloria Richardson recalls growing up in Cambridge, Maryland, attending Howard University, and joining Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) with her daughter, Donna, after returning to Cambridge and running her father's drug store. She recalls traveling to the South with her family to assist SNCC with voter registration, organizing the Cambridge Nonviolent Action Committee, assisting E. Franklin Frazier with research on African Americans, and marching in a protest where the police used cyanogen gas. She also discusses attending the March on Washington, her involvement with the Nation of Islam, and meeting Malcolm X.
    LOC ID: afc2010039_crhp0035
    Place collected
    New York City, New York, United States, North and Central America
    Place depicted
    Cambridge, Dorchester County, Maryland, United States, North and Central America
    Washington, District of Columbia, United States, North and Central America
    Collection title
    Civil Rights History Project
    Classification
    Media Arts-Film and Video
    Movement
    Civil Rights Movement
    March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom
    Type
    video recordings
    oral histories
    digital media - born digital
    Topic
    Activism
    American South
    Associations and institutions
    Civil rights
    Education
    Labor
    Religion
    Resistance
    Social reform
    Suffrage
    U.S. History, 1961-1969
    Credit Line
    Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture in partnership with the American Folklife Center, Library of Congress
    Object number
    2011.174.35.1a-e
    Restrictions & Rights
    © Smithsonian National Museum of African American History & Culture and The American Folklife Center, Library of Congress
    Usage
    Usage conditions apply
    GUID
    http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/fd5662c23c0-7c29-4344-8690-066160ec7342
  • Phil Hutchings Oral History Interview

    Created by
    Civil Rights History Project, American, founded 2009
    Interview of
    Hutchings, Phil, American, born 1942
    Interviewed by
    Mosnier, Joseph Ph. D.
    Subject of
    Howard University, American, founded 1867
    Howard University Nonviolent Action Group, American, founded 1960s
    Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party, American, founded 1964
    Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee, American, 1960 - 1970s
    Students for a Democratic Society, American, 1960 - 1969
    Newark Community Union Project, American, founded 1964
    March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom, American, founded 1963
    Date
    September 1, 2011
    Medium
    digital
    Dimensions
    Duration: 02:43:40
    Description
    The oral history consists of ten digital files: 2011.174.42.1a, 2011.174.42.1b, 2011.174.42.1c, 2011.174.42.1d, 2011.174.42.1e, 2011.174.42.1f, 2011.174.42.1g, 2011.174.42.1h, 2011.174.42.1i, and 2011.174.42.1j.
    Phil Hutchings recalls growing up in Cleveland, Ohio, his parents' involvement in many civic organizations, and attending Howard University. He remembers joining the Nonviolent Action Group (a precursor to the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC), protesting at the White Rice Inn in Maryland, and working with the Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party. He discusses moving to Newark, New Jersey, to work for SNCC, Students for a Democratic Society (SDS), and the Newark Community Union Project. He also recalls organizing District of Columbia residents for the March on Washington and witnessing the Newark riots in 1967.
    LOC ID: afc2010039_crhp0042
    Place collected
    Oakland, Alameda County, California, United States, North and Central America
    Place depicted
    Cleveland, Cuyahoga County, Ohio, United States, North and Central America
    Maryland, United States, North and Central America
    Mississippi, United States, North and Central America
    Place collected
    Newark, Essex County, New Jersey, United States, North and Central America
    Collection title
    Civil Rights History Project
    Classification
    Media Arts-Film and Video
    Movement
    Civil Rights Movement
    Mississippi Freedom Summer
    March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom
    Type
    video recordings
    oral histories
    digital media - born digital
    Topic
    Activism
    Associations and institutions
    Civil rights
    Education
    HBCUs (Historically Black Colleges and Universities)
    Race riots
    Social reform
    Suffrage
    U.S. History, 1961-1969
    Credit Line
    Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture in partnership with the American Folklife Center, Library of Congress
    Object number
    2011.174.42.1a-j
    Restrictions & Rights
    © Smithsonian National Museum of African American History & Culture and The American Folklife Center, Library of Congress
    Usage
    Usage conditions apply
    GUID
    http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/fd5d93b745e-90bb-4493-9896-64af061b2e2b
  • Gwendolyn Zoharah Simmons, Ph.D. Oral History Interview

    Created by
    Civil Rights History Project, American, founded 2009
    Interview of
    Simmons, Gwendolyn Zoharah Ph.D., American, born 1944
    Interviewed by
    Mosnier, Joseph Ph. D.
    Subject of
    Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee, American, 1960 - 1970s
    Spelman College, American, founded 1881
    Mississippi Freedom Schools, American, founded 1964
    Mississippi Freedom Summer Project, American, founded 1964
    American Friends Service Committee, American, founded 1917
    Federal Bureau of Investigation, American, founded 1908
    COINTELPRO, American, 1956 - 1971
    Date
    September 14, 2011
    Medium
    digital
    Dimensions
    Duration: 01:37:29
    Description
    The oral history consists of five digital files: 2011.174.49.1a, 2011.174.49.1b, 2011.174.49.1c, 2011.174.49.1d, and 2011.174.49.1e.
    Gwendolyn Simmons, Ph.D. recalls joining the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) while a student at Spelman College. She remembers directing SNCC's voter registration and Freedom School, called the Freedom Summer Project in Laurel, Mississippi. She discusses learning about Black Nationalism in New York, the decision in SNCC to expel white members, and her work with the American Friends Service Committee's Program on Government Surveillance and Citizens' Rights to interview members of organizations investigated by the FBI's Counterintelligence Program (COINTELPRO).
    LOC ID: afc2010039_crhp0049
    Place collected
    Gainesville, Alachua County, Florida, United States, North and Central America
    Place depicted
    Laurel, Jones County, Mississippi, United States, North and Central America
    New York, United States, North and Central America
    Collection title
    Civil Rights History Project
    Classification
    Media Arts-Film and Video
    Movement
    Civil Rights Movement
    Mississippi Freedom Summer
    Type
    video recordings
    oral histories
    digital media - born digital
    Topic
    Activism
    American South
    Associations and institutions
    Civil rights
    Education
    HBCUs (Historically Black Colleges and Universities)
    Race relations
    Social reform
    Suffrage
    U.S. History, 1961-1969
    Credit Line
    Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture in partnership with the American Folklife Center, Library of Congress
    Object number
    2011.174.49.1a-e
    Restrictions & Rights
    © Smithsonian National Museum of African American History & Culture and The American Folklife Center, Library of Congress
    Usage
    Usage conditions apply
    GUID
    http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/fd553135a49-42f6-484d-8e4d-3e23458a6d03
  • Lawrence Guyot Oral History Interview

    Created by
    Civil Rights History Project, American, founded 2009
    Interview of
    Guyot, Lawrence, Jr., American, 1939 - 2012
    Interviewed by
    Representative Julian Bond, American, 1940 - 2015
    Subject of
    Tougaloo College, American, founded 1869
    Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee, American, 1960 - 1970s
    Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party, American, founded 1964
    Mississippi Freedom Summer Project, American, founded 1964
    Date
    December 30, 2010
    Medium
    digital
    Dimensions
    Duration: 1:27:13
    Description
    The oral history consists of two digital files: 2011.174.5.1a and 2011.174.5.1b.
    Lawrence Guyot recalls growing up in Pass Christian, Mississippi, and the influence of his family, and attending Tougaloo College. He remembers meeting members of the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC), joining the organization, and participating in Freedom Summer. He discusses his opinions and memories of Mississippi politics, the Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party, and his later life in Washington, D. C.
    LOC ID: afc2010039_crhp0005
    Place collected
    Washington, District of Columbia, United States, North and Central America
    Place depicted
    Pass Christian, Harrison County, Mississippi, United States, North and Central America
    Collection title
    Civil Rights History Project
    Classification
    Media Arts-Film and Video
    Movement
    Civil Rights Movement
    Mississippi Freedom Summer
    Type
    video recordings
    oral histories
    digital media - born digital
    Topic
    Activism
    American South
    Associations and institutions
    Civil rights
    Education
    HBCUs (Historically Black Colleges and Universities)
    Politics (Practical)
    Suffrage
    U.S. History, 1961-1969
    Credit Line
    Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture in partnership with the American Folklife Center, Library of Congress
    Object number
    2011.174.5.1ab
    Restrictions & Rights
    © Smithsonian National Museum of African American History & Culture and The American Folklife Center, Library of Congress
    Usage
    Usage conditions apply
    GUID
    http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/fd5070e5518-43e4-425f-b3d5-4ce7623702c9
  • Dorie Ann Ladner and Joyce Ladner, Ph. D. Oral History Interview

    Created by
    Civil Rights History Project, American, founded 2009
    Interview of
    Dorie Ann Ladner, American, born 1942
    Ladner, Joyce Ph. D., American, born 1943
    Interviewed by
    Mosnier, Joseph Ph. D.
    Subject of
    March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom, American, founded 1963
    Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee, American, 1960 - 1970s
    Evers, Medgar, American, 1925 - 1963
    NAACP Youth Council, American, founded 1936
    Kennard, Clyde, American, 1927 - 1963
    Till, Emmett, American, 1941 - 1955
    Tougaloo College, American, founded 1869
    Mississippi Freedom House Co-Op, American
    Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party, American, founded 1964
    Date
    September 20, 2011
    Medium
    digital
    Dimensions
    Duration: 02:01:26
    Description
    The oral history consists of seven digital files: 2011.174.54.1a, 2011.174.54.1b, 2011.174.54.1c, 2011.174.54.1d, 2011.174.54.1e, 2011.174.54.1f, and 2011.174.54.1g.
    Dorie Ladner and Joyce Ladner, Ph. D. discuss organizing for the March on Washington with the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC). Dorie Ladner recalls her work with SNCC in Natchez, Mississippi, and the murder and trial of Medgar Evers. They both remember growing up in Palmers Crossing, Mississippi, their family history, joining the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) youth chapter led by Clyde Kennard, and the impact that Emmett Till's murder had on their generation. Dorie Ladner also recalls attending Tougaloo College, staying at the Freedom House in Jackson, Mississippi, and organizing the Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party.
    LOC ID: afc2010039_crhp0054
    Place collected
    Washington, District of Columbia, United States, North and Central America
    Place depicted
    Natchez, Adams County, Mississippi, United States, North and Central America
    Palmers Crossing, Hattiesburg, Forrest County, Mississippi, United States, North and Central America
    Jackson, Hinds County, Mississippi, United States, North and Central America
    Collection title
    Civil Rights History Project
    Classification
    Media Arts-Film and Video
    Movement
    Civil Rights Movement
    Mississippi Freedom Summer
    March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom
    Type
    video recordings
    oral histories
    digital media - born digital
    Topic
    Activism
    American South
    Civil rights
    Education
    HBCUs (Historically Black Colleges and Universities)
    Political organizations
    Politics (Practical)
    Social reform
    Suffrage
    U.S. History, 1961-1969
    Credit Line
    Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture in partnership with the American Folklife Center, Library of Congress
    Object number
    2011.174.54.1a-g
    Restrictions & Rights
    © Smithsonian National Museum of African American History & Culture and The American Folklife Center, Library of Congress
    Usage
    Usage conditions apply
    GUID
    http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/fd591a0445e-6fa8-4d35-8a20-21dacfbad668
  • Carrie M. Young Oral History Interview

    Created by
    Civil Rights History Project, American, founded 2009
    Interview of
    Young, Carrie M., American, born 1948
    Interviewed by
    Mosnier, Joseph Ph. D.
    Subject of
    Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee, American, 1960 - 1970s
    Gonza Glascoe, Myrtle, American, 1936 - 2019
    Hansen, Bill, American, born 1939
    Himmelbaum, Howard, American
    Black United Youth, American
    Date
    September 26, 2011
    Medium
    digital
    Dimensions
    Duration: 02:05:25
    Description
    The oral history consists of nine digital files: 2011.174.56.1a, 2011.174.56.1b, 2011.174.56.1c, 2011.174.56.1d, 2011.174.56.1e, 2011.174.56.1f, 2011.174.56.1g, 2011.174.56.1h, and 2011.174.56.1i.
    Carrie Young recalls growing up in on a farm, moving to West Helena, Arkansas, with her family, and meeting civil rights organizers from the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC), including Myrtle Glascoe, Bill Hansen, and Howard Himmelbaum. She remembers registering voters, gathering signatures to overturn a poll tax, and protesting at the Arkansas state capitol. She discusses her marriage to Howard Himmelbaum, suing her employer for discrimination, and working with the group Black United Youth in Little Rock, Arkansas.
    LOC ID: afc2010039_crhp0056
    Place collected
    Little Rock, Pulaski County, Arkansas, United States, North and Central America
    Place depicted
    West Helena, Phillips County, Arkansas, United States, North and Central America
    Collection title
    Civil Rights History Project
    Classification
    Media Arts-Film and Video
    Movement
    Civil Rights Movement
    Type
    video recordings
    oral histories
    digital media - born digital
    Topic
    Activism
    Agriculture
    American South
    Associations and institutions
    Civil rights
    Justice
    Labor
    Politics (Practical)
    Race discrimination
    Social reform
    Suffrage
    U.S. History, 1961-1969
    Youth
    Credit Line
    Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture in partnership with the American Folklife Center, Library of Congress
    Object number
    2011.174.56.1a-i
    Restrictions & Rights
    © Smithsonian National Museum of African American History & Culture and The American Folklife Center, Library of Congress
    Usage
    Usage conditions apply
    GUID
    http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/fd57dac9f67-4705-41f7-b01b-102bde958cce
  • Steven McNichols Oral History Interview

    Created by
    Civil Rights History Project, American, founded 2009
    Interview of
    McNichols, Steven, American, 1939 - 2013
    Interviewed by
    Cline, David P. Ph. D., American, born 1969
    Subject of
    University of California, Los Angeles, American, founded 1919
    United States Student Association, American, founded 1947
    National Student Federation of America, American, founded 1925
    Freedom Riders, American, founded 1961
    Delta Ministry, American, founded 1964
    Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party, American, founded 1964
    1964 Democratic National Convention, American, founded 1964
    Date
    March 1, 2013
    Medium
    digital
    Dimensions
    Duration: 02:17:14
    Description
    The oral history consists of eleven digital files: 2011.174.58.1a, 2011.174.58.1b, 2011.174.58.1c, 2011.174.58.1d, 2011.174.58.1e, 2011.174.58.1f, 2011.174.58.1g, 2011.174.58.1h, 2011.174.58.1i, 2011.174.58.1j, and 2011.174.58.1k.
    Steven McNichols discussed his childhood in New York City, his mother's illnesses and attending the University of California, Los Angeles in 1958. He became involved in politics through the National Student Federation and National Student Association, and participated in the Freedom Rides, riding a train from Los Angeles, California, to Houston, Texas. He also discusses his work with the Delta Ministry, the Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party, and the 1964 Democratic Party convention.
    LOC ID: afc2010039_crhp0058
    Place collected
    Burlingame, San Mateo County, California, United States, North and Central America
    Place depicted
    New York City, New York, United States, North and Central America
    Los Angeles, California, United States, North and Central America
    Houston, Harris County, Texas, United States, North and Central America
    Mississippi, United States, North and Central America
    Collection title
    Civil Rights History Project
    Classification
    Media Arts-Film and Video
    Movement
    Civil Rights Movement
    Freedom Riders
    Mississippi Freedom Summer
    Type
    video recordings
    oral histories
    digital media - born digital
    Topic
    Activism
    American South
    American West
    Associations and institutions
    Civil rights
    Education
    Politics (Practical)
    Social reform
    Suffrage
    U.S. History, 1953-1961
    U.S. History, 1961-1969
    Credit Line
    Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture in partnership with the American Folklife Center, Library of Congress
    Object number
    2011.174.58.1a-k
    Restrictions & Rights
    © Smithsonian National Museum of African American History & Culture and The American Folklife Center, Library of Congress
    Usage
    Usage conditions apply
    GUID
    http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/fd57d53a14c-c132-4f14-a222-0ad7faa59c03
  • Lucius Holloway, Sr. and Emma Kate Holloway Oral History Interview

    Created by
    Civil Rights History Project, American, founded 2009
    Interview of
    Holloway, Lucius Sr., American, born 1932
    Holloway, Emma Kate, American
    Interviewed by
    Dr. Jeffries, Hasan Kwame, American, born 1973
    Date
    March 9, 2013
    Medium
    digital
    Dimensions
    Duration: 00:30:35
    Description
    The oral history consists of two digital files: 2011.17462.1a and 2011.174.62.1b.
    In this short interview, Lucius Holloway, Sr., and Emma Kate Holloway describe their experiences in Terrell County, Georgia. They discuss their childhood memories of Southwest Georgia, and how they came to meet and marry. The remainder of the interview focuses on their involvement in the Civil Rights Movement, the harassment they faced from white supremacists, and their role in registering black voters.
    LOC ID: afc2010039_crhp0062
    Place collected
    Albany, Dougherty County, Georgia, United States, North and Central America
    Place depicted
    Terrell County, Georgia, United States, North and Central America
    Collection title
    Civil Rights History Project
    Classification
    Media Arts-Film and Video
    Movement
    Civil Rights Movement
    Type
    video recordings
    oral histories
    digital media - born digital
    Topic
    Activism
    American South
    Civil rights
    Families
    Race discrimination
    Social reform
    Suffrage
    U.S. History, 1961-1969
    White supremacy movements
    Credit Line
    Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture in partnership with the American Folklife Center, Library of Congress
    Object number
    2011.174.62.1ab
    Restrictions & Rights
    © Smithsonian National Museum of African American History & Culture and The American Folklife Center, Library of Congress
    Usage
    Usage conditions apply
    GUID
    http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/fd5bb88d172-556d-45bc-b8c9-f62119fb0317
  • Sam Mahone Oral History Interview

    Created by
    Civil Rights History Project, American, founded 2009
    Interview of
    Mahone, Sam, American, born 1945
    Interviewed by
    Dr. Jeffries, Hasan Kwame, American, born 1973
    Subject of
    Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee, American, 1960 - 1970s
    Americus Four, American
    Leesburg Stockade, American, 1960s
    Date
    March 9, 2013
    Medium
    digital
    Dimensions
    Duration: 01:03:21
    Description
    The oral history consists of one digital file: 2011.174.63.1a.
    Sam Mahone discusses his experiences of racial segregation and discrimination in Americus, Georgia, and how he came to be involved in the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC). After he joined SNCC, he participated in an array of activism: picketing a segregated movie theater, registering voters, and organizing in the black community. He also discusses the arrests that he and other activists experienced due to their activism, including the Americus Four case and the Leesburg Stockade. He concludes the interview by discussing his current involvement in showcasing African American art.
    LOC ID: afc2010039_crhp0063
    Place collected
    Albany, Dougherty County, Georgia, United States, North and Central America
    Place depicted
    Americus, Sumter County, Georgia, United States, North and Central America
    Collection title
    Civil Rights History Project
    Classification
    Media Arts-Film and Video
    Movement
    Civil Rights Movement
    Type
    video recordings
    oral histories
    digital media - born digital
    Topic
    Activism
    American South
    Art
    Associations and institutions
    Civil rights
    Education
    Race discrimination
    Resistance
    Segregation
    Social reform
    Suffrage
    U.S. History, 1961-1969
    Credit Line
    Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture in partnership with the American Folklife Center, Library of Congress
    Object number
    2011.174.63.1a
    Restrictions & Rights
    © Smithsonian National Museum of African American History & Culture and The American Folklife Center, Library of Congress
    Usage
    Usage conditions apply
    GUID
    http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/fd5db3a2e0e-a70f-49af-8e06-8dd132b88382
  • Robert McClary Oral History Interview

    Created by
    Civil Rights History Project, American, founded 2009
    Interview of
    McClary, Robert, American, born 1938
    Interviewed by
    Dr. Jeffries, Hasan Kwame, American, born 1973
    Subject of
    Southwest Georgia Project for For Community Education, Inc., American
    Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee, American, 1960 - 1970s
    Date
    March 9, 2013
    Medium
    digital
    Dimensions
    Duration: 00:28:17
    Description
    The oral history consists of two digital files: 2011.174.64.1a and 2011.174.64.1b.
    In this short interview, Robert McClary discusses his involvement in the Southwest Georgia Project. McClary describes attending mass meetings in Worth County, Georgia, and he discusses his work with the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) which consisted of keeping the books, registering voters and informing people about welfare services.
    LOC ID: afc2010039_crhp0064
    Place collected
    Albany, Dougherty County, Georgia, United States, North and Central America
    Place depicted
    Worth County, Georgia, United States, North and Central America
    Collection title
    Civil Rights History Project
    Classification
    Media Arts-Film and Video
    Movement
    Civil Rights Movement
    Type
    video recordings
    oral histories
    digital media - born digital
    Topic
    Activism
    American South
    Associations and institutions
    Civil rights
    Social reform
    Suffrage
    U.S. History, 1961-1969
    Credit Line
    Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture in partnership with the American Folklife Center, Library of Congress
    Object number
    2011.174.64.1ab
    Restrictions & Rights
    © Smithsonian National Museum of African American History & Culture and The American Folklife Center, Library of Congress
    Usage
    Usage conditions apply
    GUID
    http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/fd5b9516eb2-4ec7-4f6e-9f02-1d0eee848bdf
  • Johnnie Ruth McCullar Oral History Interview

    Created by
    Civil Rights History Project, American, founded 2009
    Interview of
    McCullar, Johnnie Ruth, American, born 1940
    Interviewed by
    Dr. Jeffries, Hasan Kwame, American, born 1973
    Date
    March 9, 2013
    Medium
    digital
    Dimensions
    Duration: 01:02:17
    Description
    The oral history consists of two digital files: 2011.174.65.1a and 2011.174.65.1b.
    Johnnie Ruth Browner McCullar describes growing up in southwest Georgia, attending segregated schools in Sasser, Georgia, and her work in the Civil Rights Movement in the 1960s. She was a secretary of the Terrell County Movement and she also participated in sit-ins and helped to register voters. McCullar reflects on the legacy of the movement, noting the changes in social and political life that she has witnessed during her life, but also recognizing present-day challenges.
    LOC ID: afc2010039_crhp0065
    Place collected
    Albany, Dougherty County, Georgia, United States, North and Central America
    Place depicted
    Sasser, Terrell County, Georgia, United States, North and Central America
    Collection title
    Civil Rights History Project
    Classification
    Media Arts-Film and Video
    Movement
    Civil Rights Movement
    Type
    video recordings
    oral histories
    digital media - born digital
    Topic
    Activism
    American South
    Civil rights
    Education
    Segregation
    Social reform
    Suffrage
    U.S. History, 1961-1969
    Credit Line
    Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture in partnership with the American Folklife Center, Library of Congress
    Object number
    2011.174.65.1ab
    Restrictions & Rights
    © Smithsonian National Museum of African American History & Culture and The American Folklife Center, Library of Congress
    Usage
    Usage conditions apply
    GUID
    http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/fd559578d90-6fa1-4833-a1c8-b15ebdfa25e6
  • Ruby Nell Sales Oral History Interview

    Created by
    Civil Rights History Project, American, founded 2009
    Interview of
    Nell Sales, Ruby, American, born 1948
    Interviewed by
    Mosnier, Joseph Ph. D.
    Subject of
    Tuskegee Institute, American, founded 1881
    Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee, American, 1960 - 1970s
    Daniels, Jonathan Myrick, American, 1939 - 1965
    Date
    April 25, 2011
    Medium
    digital
    Dimensions
    Duration: 01:32:09
    Description
    The oral history consists of ten digital files: 2011.174.7.1a, 2011.174.7.1b, 2011.174.7.1c, 2011.174.7.1d, 2011.174.7.1e, 2011.174.7.1f, 2011.174.7.1g, 2011.174.7.1h, 2011.174.7.1i, and 2011.174.7.1j.
    Ruby Sales discusses her father's military career, growing up in Columbus, Georgia, and attending the Tuskegee Institute. Her father was a Baptist minister and grew up in a racist and segregated society. Her grandmother was either born into slavery or right after it, and learned to read and write. She recalls joining the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC), the Selma to Montgomery March, registering voters in Lowndes County, Alabama, and her arrest in Hayneville, Alabama. She remembers the murder of Jonathan Daniels, a seminary student who saved her life, and discusses her opinions on African American history and the current rate of African Americans in prison.
    LOC ID: afc2010039_crhp0007
    Place collected
    Atlanta, Fulton County, Georgia, United States, North and Central America
    Place depicted
    Columbus, Muscogee County, Georgia, United States, North and Central America
    Hayneville, Lowndes County, Alabama, United States, North and Central America
    Collection title
    Civil Rights History Project
    Classification
    Media Arts-Film and Video
    Movement
    Civil Rights Movement
    Selma to Montgomery Marches
    Type
    video recordings
    oral histories
    digital media - born digital
    Topic
    Activism
    American South
    Associations and institutions
    Civil rights
    HBCUs (Historically Black Colleges and Universities)
    Justice
    Military
    Politics (Practical)
    Prisons
    Religion
    Segregation
    Slavery
    Social reform
    Suffrage
    Tuskegee Airmen
    U.S. History, 1961-1969
    Credit Line
    Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture in partnership with the American Folklife Center, Library of Congress
    Object number
    2011.174.7.1a-j
    Restrictions & Rights
    © Smithsonian National Museum of African American History & Culture and The American Folklife Center, Library of Congress
    Usage
    Usage conditions apply
    GUID
    http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/fd5739065a1-0358-4132-bccb-2266a2146091
  • Walter Bruce Oral History Interview

    Created by
    Civil Rights History Project, American, founded 2009
    Interview of
    Bruce, Walter, American, 1928 - 2014
    Interviewed by
    Dittmer, John Ph. D., American, born 1939
    Subject of
    Mississippi Freedom Summer Project, American, founded 1964
    Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party, American, founded 1964
    Date
    March 11, 2013
    Medium
    digital
    Dimensions
    Duration: 01:24:55
    Description
    The oral history consists of nine digital files: 2011.174.71.1a, 2011.174.71.1b, 2011.174.71.1c, 2011.174.71.1d, 2011.174.71.1e, 2011.174.71.1f, 2011.174.71.1g, 2011.174.71.1h, and 2011.174.71.1i.
    Walter Bruce shares memories of his childhood in Durant, Mississippi, where his family sharecropped. As a young man he became a carpenter and also a gospel singer. He describes his early involvement in the Civil Rights Movement, including his participation in Mississippi Freedom Summer. Bruce was involved in community and political organizing throughout the 1960s, from helping to start health clinics and participating in the Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party to his involvement in sit-ins and marches. Bruce also discusses the process of choosing and running black candidates for political office in the 1960s.
    LOC ID: afc2010039_crhp0071
    Place collected
    Durant, Holmes County, Mississippi, United States, North and Central America
    Collection title
    Civil Rights History Project
    Classification
    Media Arts-Film and Video
    Movement
    Civil Rights Movement
    Mississippi Freedom Summer
    Type
    video recordings
    oral histories
    digital media - born digital
    Topic
    Activism
    Agriculture
    American South
    Associations and institutions
    Civil rights
    Gospel (Music)
    Labor
    Medicine
    Politics (Practical)
    Resistance
    Singers (Musicians)
    Social reform
    Suffrage
    U.S. History, 1961-1969
    Credit Line
    Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture in partnership with the American Folklife Center, Library of Congress
    Object number
    2011.174.71.1a-i
    Restrictions & Rights
    © Smithsonian National Museum of African American History & Culture and The American Folklife Center, Library of Congress
    Usage
    Usage conditions apply
    GUID
    http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/fd52565f101-573d-4602-a88c-355dde617652
  • Euvester Simpson Oral History Interview

    Created by
    Civil Rights History Project, American, founded 2009
    Interview of
    Simpson, Euvester, American, born 1946
    Interviewed by
    Dittmer, John Ph. D., American, born 1939
    Subject of
    Hamer, Fannie Lou, American, 1917 - 1977
    Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee, American, 1960 - 1970s
    Council of Federated Organizations, founded 1962
    Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party, American, founded 1964
    Date
    March 12, 2013
    Medium
    digital
    Dimensions
    Duration: 01:34:46
    Description
    The oral history consists of seven digital files: 2011.174.72.1a, 2011.174.72.1b, 2011.174.72.1c, 2011.174.72.1d, 2011.174.72.1e, 2011.174.72.1f, and 2011.174.72.1g.
    Euvester Simpson discusses her childhood in Itta Bena, Mississippi, and she describes her parents' decision to send her to Racine, Wisconsin, to attend high school because they were fed up with segregated public schools in Mississippi. For her last year of high school, Simpson returned to Mississippi, and she became active in the Civil Rights Movement. She describes attending a citizenship school in Charleston, South Carolina, going to mass meetings, and being arrested with a group of women, including Fannie Lou Hamer. She also discusses her involvement in the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC), the Council of Federated Organizations, and the Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party. Simpson ends the interview by discussing the legacy of the movement.
    LOC ID: afc2010039_crhp0072
    Place collected
    Jackson, Hinds County, Mississippi, United States, North and Central America
    Place depicted
    Itta Bena, Leflore County, Mississippi, United States, North and Central America
    Racine, Wisconsin, United States, North and Central America
    Charleston, Berkeley County, South Carolina, United States, North and Central America
    Collection title
    Civil Rights History Project
    Classification
    Media Arts-Film and Video
    Movement
    Civil Rights Movement
    Mississippi Freedom Summer
    Type
    video recordings
    oral histories
    digital media - born digital
    Topic
    Activism
    American South
    Associations and institutions
    Civil rights
    Education
    Resistance
    Segregation
    Social reform
    Suffrage
    U.S. History, 1961-1969
    Women
    Credit Line
    Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture in partnership with the American Folklife Center, Library of Congress
    Object number
    2011.174.72.1a-g
    Restrictions & Rights
    © Smithsonian National Museum of African American History & Culture and The American Folklife Center, Library of Congress
    Usage
    Usage conditions apply
    GUID
    http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/fd584affffa-a658-4ba2-96da-2ae96e2fbf1f
  • Rosie Head Oral History Interview

    Created by
    Civil Rights History Project, American, founded 2009
    Interview of
    Head, Rosie M., American
    Interviewed by
    Dittmer, John Ph. D., American, born 1939
    Subject of
    Mississippi Freedom Summer Project, American, founded 1964
    Child Development Group of Mississippi, American, founded 1965
    Date
    March 13, 2013
    Medium
    digital
    Dimensions
    Duration: 01:18:59
    Description
    The oral history consists of seven digital files: 2011.174.74.1a, 2011.174.74.1b, 2011.174.74.1c, 2011.174.74.1d, 2011.174.74.1e, 2011.174.74.1f, and 2011.174.74.1g.
    Rosie Head describes her early life in Greenwood, Mississippi, where her family lived and worked on a plantation. She discusses how her parents faced racial discrimination in their work and how they were cheated by the plantation owner and then blacklisted. In 1964, Head joined the Civil Rights Movement in Tchula, Mississippi, where her family had relocated. Head recounts the various ways she was involved in the movement: registering voters, working with Freedom Summer volunteers, helping to establish the Child Development Group of Mississippi, and campaigning for black candidates for political office.
    LOC ID: afc2010039_crhp0074
    Place collected
    Tchula, Holmes County, Mississippi, United States, North and Central America
    Place depicted
    Greenwood, Leflore County, Mississippi, United States, North and Central America
    Collection title
    Civil Rights History Project
    Classification
    Media Arts-Film and Video
    Movement
    Civil Rights Movement
    Mississippi Freedom Summer
    Type
    video recordings
    oral histories
    digital media - born digital
    Topic
    Activism
    American South
    Associations and institutions
    Children
    Civil rights
    Labor
    Politics (Practical)
    Race discrimination
    Social reform
    Suffrage
    U.S. History, 1961-1969
    Credit Line
    Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture in partnership with the American Folklife Center, Library of Congress
    Object number
    2011.174.74.1a-g
    Restrictions & Rights
    © Smithsonian National Museum of African American History & Culture and The American Folklife Center, Library of Congress
    Usage
    Usage conditions apply
    GUID
    http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/fd5d8a8250b-ebaf-4003-8fcf-38d0755f5467

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