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  • Delegate

    Published by
    MelPat Associates, American, 1965 - 1986
    Created by
    Patrick, C. Melvin, American, died 1985
    Subject of
    National Association of Broadcasters, American
    Opportunities Industrialization Center of America, Inc., American, founded 1964
    National Pan-Hellenic Council, American, founded 1930
    National Association of Black Social Workers, American, founded 1968
    Omega Psi Phi Fraternity, Inc., American, founded 1911
    The Girl Friends, Inc., American, founded 1927
    Ellington, Duke, American, 1899 - 1974
    National Medical Association, American, founded 1895
    Prince Hall Freemasonry, founded 1784
    National Newspaper Publishers Association, American, founded 1827
    Chi Delta Mu Fraternity, Inc., American, founded 1913
    Morsell, John Albert, American, 1912 - 1974
    National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, American, founded 1909
    Chi Eta Phi Sorority, Inc., American, founded 1932
    Lambda Kappa Mu Sorority, Inc., American, founded 1937
    National Insurance Association, American, founded 1921
    National Urban League, American, founded 1910
    National United Church Ushers Association of America, Inc., American, founded 1919
    Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity, Inc., American, founded 1906
    National Dental Association, American, founded 1913
    CBS Broadcasting, Inc., American, founded 1927
    American Bridge Association, American, founded 1932
    Delta Sigma Theta Sorority, American, founded 1913
    National Sorority of Phi Delta Kappa, Inc., American, founded 1906
    Phi Beta Sigma Fraternity, American, founded 1914
    Improved Benevolent and Protective Order of the Elks of the World, American, founded 1898
    Smith, Nettie B., American
    National Association of Negro Business and Professional Women's Clubs, Inc., American, founded 1935
    National Medical Association, American, founded 1895
    National Funeral Directors and Morticians Association, Inc., American, founded 1924
    Davis, John Warren, American, 1888 - 1980
    Shriners International, American, founded 1870
    Congressional Black Caucus, American, founded 1971
    National Business League, American, founded 1900
    National Alliance of Postal and Federal Employees, American, founded 1913
    369th Veterans Association, American
    Association for the Study of African American Life and History, American, founded 1915
    National Council of Negro Women, founded 1935
    Johnson, Clifton Herman, American, 1921 - 2008
    Date
    1975
    Medium
    ink on paper
    Dimensions
    H x W x D: 10 13/16 × 8 7/16 × 3/8 in. (27.5 × 21.4 × 0.9 cm)
    Description
    A 1975 issue of Delegate magazine published by MelPat Associates. The cover of the magazine shows a collage of black and white photographic portraits with a red tinted band on the top third, a white band in the middle, and a blue tinted band on the bottom third. There is a yellow ribbon badge at the top left that reads [1975 / DELEGATE]. White text in a black box at the bottom right reads [PLEASE TURN TO PAGES DEVOTED TO YOUR CONVENTION].
    The magazine’s content opens with “A Message to Delegate Readers” from the National Association of Broadcasters in support of broadcast license renewal legislation, followed by an article titled “Black Leaders Oppose Pay-Television.”
    The content continues with articles and profiles of African American business organizations, business leaders, community organizations, sororities, fraternities, doctors, dentists, politicians, actors, and journalists. This includes the Opportunities Industrialization Center of America, National Pan-Hellenic Council, National Association of Black Social Workers, Omega Psi Phi Fraternity, The Girl Friends, Inc., Duke Ellington, National Medical Association, Prince Hall masons, National Newspaper Publishers Association, Chi Delta Mu Fraternity, John Albert Morsell, NAACP, Chi Eta Phi Sorority, Lambda Kappa Mu Sorority, National Insurance Association, National Urban League, National United Church Ushers Association, Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity, National Dental Association, CBS Broadcasting, Inc., American Bridge Association, Delta Sigma Theta Sorority, Phi Delta Kappa Sorority, Phi Beta Sigma Fraternity, Elks of the World, Nettie B. Smith, The National Association of Negro Business and Professional Women's Clubs, National Medical Association, National Funeral Directors and Morticians Association, John Warren Davis, Shriners, Congressional Black Caucus, National Business League, National Alliance of Postal and Federal Employees, 369th Veterans Association, Association for the Study of African American Life and History, National Council of Negro Women. There is also an article titled “The Negro Convention Movement Before the Civil War,” by Clifton H. Johnson.
    The issue concludes with an editorial note, masthead and table of contents on the final page. There are 258 pages with black and white photographs and advertisements throughout, as well as a few advertisements in color. The back cover of the magazine features a full page advertisement for Viceroy cigarettes.
    Transcription Center Status
    Transcribed by Digital Volunteers
    Place made
    Harlem, New York City, New York, United States, North and Central America
    Classification
    Documents and Published Materials-Published Works
    Movement
    Colonization movement
    Type
    magazines (periodicals)
    Topic
    Advertising
    Associations and institutions
    Business
    Calypso (Music)
    Caricature and cartoons
    Communities
    Fraternal organizations
    Fraternities
    Funeral customs and rites
    Government
    HBCUs (Historically Black Colleges and Universities)
    Journalism
    Labor
    Law
    Mass media
    Men
    Political organizations
    Politics (Practical)
    Professional organizations
    Religious groups
    Sororities
    Television
    U.S. History, 1969-2001
    Urban life
    Women
    Credit Line
    Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture, Gift of Anne B. Patrick and the family of Hilda E. Stokely
    Object number
    2012.167.9
    Restrictions & Rights
    Public domain
    Usage
    Not determined
    GUID
    http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/fd5c80d5f1b-2384-44ae-91b1-bb42a6fc4395
  • Delegate

    Published by
    MelPat Associates, American, 1965 - 1986
    Created by
    Patrick, C. Melvin, American, died 1985
    Subject of
    Rangel, Charles, American, born 1930
    The Links, Incorporated, American, founded 1946
    Avon, founded 1886
    Vice President Rockefeller, Nelson Aldrich, American, 1908 - 1979
    National Urban League, American, founded 1910
    National Association of Black Social Workers, American, founded 1968
    Interracial Council for Business Opportunity, American, founded 1963
    Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite of Freemasonry
    National Association of Market Developers, American, founded 1953
    National Medical Association, American, founded 1895
    Prince Hall Freemasonry, founded 1784
    National Association of Negro Musicians, Inc., founded 1919
    Opportunities Industrialization Center of America, Inc., American, founded 1964
    Chi Delta Mu Fraternity, Inc., American, founded 1913
    National Newspaper Publishers Association, American, founded 1827
    Sovereign Military Order of Malta, founded 1099
    Chi Eta Phi Sorority, Inc., American, founded 1932
    National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, American, founded 1909
    Universal Network Television, American, founded 1950
    Freedom National Bank, American, 1964 - 1990
    Gilbert, Jarobin Jr., American, born 1946
    Lambda Kappa Mu Sorority, Inc., American, founded 1937
    National United Church Ushers Association of America, Inc., American, founded 1919
    National Association of Negro Business and Professional Women's Clubs, Inc., American, founded 1935
    National Dental Association, American, founded 1913
    National Sorority of Phi Delta Kappa, Inc., American, founded 1906
    Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity, Inc., American, founded 1906
    National Pharmaceutical Association, American, founded 1947
    Omega Psi Phi Fraternity, Inc., American, founded 1911
    Iota Phi Lambda Sorority, Inc., American, founded 1929
    Delta Sigma Theta Sorority, American, founded 1913
    Shriners International, American, founded 1870
    Daughters of Isis, American, founded 1910
    Brown, Roscoe C., American, 1922 - 2016
    Young Men's Christian Association (YMCA), International, founded 1844
    New York Yankees, American, founded 1901
    Jackson, Reggie, American, born 1946
    The Doll League, Inc., American, founded 1958
    National Urban League Guild, American, founded 1946
    Morehouse Alumni Association, American, founded 1900
    Congressional Black Caucus, American, founded 1971
    National Bar Association, American, founded 1925
    National Business League, American, founded 1900
    National Bankers Association, American, founded 1927
    Alliance for Women in Media, American, founded 1951
    369th Veterans Association, American
    Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite of Freemasonry
    The Salvation Army, American, founded 1865
    Phi Beta Sigma Fraternity, American, founded 1914
    Written by
    Anti-Bakke Decision Coalition, American, founded 1977
    Subject of
    One Hundred Black Men, Inc., American, founded 1963
    Improved Benevolent and Protective Order of the Elks of the World, American, founded 1898
    Date
    1979
    Medium
    ink on paper
    Dimensions
    H x W x D: 10 13/16 × 8 7/16 × 7/16 in. (27.5 × 21.4 × 1.1 cm)
    Description
    A 1979 issue of Delegate magazine published by MelPat Associates. The cover of the magazine features a blue ribbon that reads [1979 / DELEGATE] on a collage of cropped black and white photographic portraits with a yellow tint. The spine of the magazine is white with black text that reads [DELEGATE 1979 - The 3rd Year of the 3rd Century].
    The magazine’s content opens on the first page with an untitled editorial note recounting events of the past year, focusing on the effects of the Bakke decision and reinterpretations of the Equal Employment Opportunity law. There is also a masthead, set in white text against a dark blue background reading [DELEGATE, 1979], followed by a table of contents.
    The content then continues with a feature on Charles B. Rangel, an article titled “Black in the Board Room,” and a feature on beauty and cosmetics titled “Black is Beautiful.” This is followed by profiles of African American business organizations, business leaders, community organizations, sororities, fraternities, doctors, dentists, politicians, actors, and journalists. This includes Boggs Academy, Links, Bottle and Cork Club, National Urban League, Association of Black Social Workers, ICBO, Aubrey Lewis, Philip Morris, National Urban Affairs Council, Franklin Thomas, National Association of Market Developers, Queens Clinical Society of New York, National Medical Association, Eastern Stars, Prince Hall Grand Lodge, Black Music Association, Opportunities Industrial Centers, Chi Delta Mu, Othan Mondy, National Publishers Association, National Newspaper Publishers Association, Steven Lockett, Chi Eta Phi Sorority, NAACP, Kellogg, Chesebrough-Ponds, NBC, Lambda Kappa Mu Sorority, Gulf Oil, National United Church Ushers Association of America, National Business and Professional Negro Women’s Clubs, National Medical Association, William Toles, National Dental Association, Phi Delta Kappa Sorority, Alpha Phi Alpha, National Pharmaceutical Association, Omega Psi Phi Fraternity, Iota Phi Lambda Sorority, Delta Sigma Theta Sorority, Ancient Egyptian Arabic Order Nobles Mystic Shriners, Daughters of Isis, Herb Wright, Negro College Fund, Roy Campanella, Reggie Jackson, The Doll League, John Hunter, American Airlines, Morehouse College, Norman J. Johnson, Jr., Sag Harbor, Eastern Airline, National Association for Sickle Cell, Oak Bluffs, National Bar Association, Congressional Black Caucus, The Edges Group, National Business League, Council of Concerned Black Executives, National Bankers Association, National Association of Media Women, Donald McGannon, 369th Veterans, George Alexander, WBLS radio, Brenda Scofield, Budweiser, Alice Kornegay, Phi Beta Sigma Fraternity, the IBPOE of W, and the Broadway musicals “Eubie!” and “Ain’t Misbehavin.’”
    There are approximately 352 pages with black and white photographs and advertisements throughout, as well as a few advertisements in color. The back cover of the magazine features a full page advertisement for Kool cigarettes.
    Transcription Center Status
    Transcribed by Digital Volunteers
    Place made
    Harlem, New York City, New York, United States, North and Central America
    Place depicted
    Sag Harbor, Southampton, Suffolk County, New York, United States, North and Central America
    Martha's Vineyard, Oak Bluffs, Dukes County, Massachusetts, United States, North and Central America
    Classification
    Documents and Published Materials-Published Works
    Type
    magazines (periodicals)
    Topic
    Advertising
    Associations and institutions
    Business
    Caricature and cartoons
    Communities
    Fraternal organizations
    Fraternities
    Government
    HBCUs (Historically Black Colleges and Universities)
    Journalism
    Labor
    Mass media
    Men
    Political organizations
    Politics (Practical)
    Professional organizations
    Radio
    Religious groups
    Social life and customs
    Sororities
    Television
    U.S. History, 1969-2001
    Urban life
    Women
    Credit Line
    Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture, Gift of Anne B. Patrick and the family of Hilda E. Stokely
    Object number
    2012.167.13
    Restrictions & Rights
    Public domain
    Usage
    Not determined
    GUID
    http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/fd5cc6b172d-2d13-4670-95ea-2e52493801a5
  • Delegate

    Subject of
    MelPat Associates, American, 1965 - 1986
    Created by
    Patrick, C. Melvin, American, died 1985
    Subject of
    Rawls, Lou, American, 1933 - 2006
    United Negro College Fund, American, founded 1944
    President Carter, Jimmy, American, born 1924
    Wilma Rudolph, American, 1940 - 1994
    National Urban League, American, founded 1910
    American Association of Blacks in Energy, American, founded 1977
    One Hundred Black Men, Inc., American, founded 1963
    National Association of Black Social Workers, American, founded 1968
    Interracial Council for Business Opportunity, American, founded 1963
    National Association for Equal Opportunity in Higher Education, American, founded 1969
    American Bridge Association, American, founded 1932
    African Methodist Episcopal Zion Church, American, founded 1821
    National Association of Market Developers, American, founded 1953
    The Girl Friends, Inc., American, founded 1927
    Prince Hall Freemasonry, founded 1784
    Sears, Roebuck & Co., American, founded 1893
    Morehouse College, American, founded 1867
    Opportunities Industrialization Center of America, Inc., American, founded 1964
    National Newspaper Publishers Association, American, founded 1827
    National Pharmaceutical Association, American, founded 1947
    Chi Delta Mu Fraternity, Inc., American, founded 1913
    Chi Eta Phi Sorority, Inc., American, founded 1932
    Top Ladies of Distinction, Inc., American, founded 1964
    National Association of Negro Musicians, Inc., founded 1919
    The Links, Incorporated, American, founded 1946
    National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, American, founded 1909
    Lambda Kappa Mu Sorority, Inc., American, founded 1937
    Republican Party, American, founded 1854
    Charms, Inc., American, founded 1952
    Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority, Incorporated, founded 1908
    National United Church Ushers Association of America, Inc., American, founded 1919
    Zeta Phi Beta Sorority, American, founded 1920
    Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity, Inc., American, founded 1906
    Sigma Gamma Rho Sorority, Inc., founded 1922
    Eta Phi Beta Sorority, Inc., American, founded 1943
    National Pharmaceutical Association, American, founded 1947
    National Medical Association, American, founded 1895
    National Association of Negro Musicians, Inc., founded 1919
    National Association of University Women, American, founded 1910
    Shriners International, American, founded 1870
    Daughters of Isis, American, founded 1910
    American Tennis Association, American, founded 1916
    Democratic Party, American, founded 1828
    CBS Broadcasting, Inc., American, founded 1927
    Randolph, A. Philip, American, 1889 - 1979
    Iota Phi Lambda Sorority, Inc., American, founded 1929
    Congressional Black Caucus, American, founded 1971
    369th Veterans Association, American
    Hooks, Benjamin, American, 1925 - 2010
    National Bankers Association, American, founded 1927
    Association for the Study of African American Life and History, American, founded 1915
    Kappa Alpha Psi Fraternity, Inc., American, founded 1911
    Phi Beta Sigma Fraternity, American, founded 1914
    Alliance for Women in Media, American, founded 1951
    Date
    1980
    Medium
    ink on paper
    Dimensions
    H x W x D: 10 13/16 × 8 7/16 × 7/16 in. (27.5 × 21.4 × 1.1 cm)
    Description
    A 1980 issue of Delegate magazine published by MelPat Associates. The cover of the magazine features a red ribbon that reads [1980 / DELEGATE] on a collage of black and white portrait photographs. The magazine has a white spine with black text that reads [DELEGATE 1980 - The 4th Year of the 3rd Century].
    The magazine’s content opens with an untitled editorial note recounting events of the past year, including the presidential campaign and the death of A. Phillip Randolph. There is also a masthead, set in white text against a black background reading [DELEGATE, 1980], followed by a table of contents.
    The content then continues including a feature on black Olympic athletes and an article titled, “Black Businesses Need Black Conventions.” This is followed by profiles of African American business organizations, business leaders, community organizations, sororities, fraternities, doctors, dentists, politicians, actors, and journalists. This includes American Association of Blacks in Energy, One Hundred Black Men, Jewell Jackson McCabe and 100 Black Women, National Association of Black Social Workers, Interracial Council for Business Opportunity, Boggs Academy, Jackie Robinson Awards Dinner, National Association for Equal Opportunity in Higher Education, American Bridge Association, African Methodist Episcopal Zion Church, National Association of Market Developers, The Girl Friends, Gay Northeasterners Club, Bottle & Cork Club, Eureka Grand Chapter, Prince Hall Grand Lodge, Sears, Roebuck, Morehouse College, John Hunter Camp Fund, Bob Douglas, Opportunities Industrialization Centers, National Newspaper Publishers Association, Pharmaceutical Association, Chi Delta Mu Fraternity, Chi Eta Phi Sorority, Top Ladies of Distinction, Black Music Association, The Links, Inc., NAACP, National Urban League, Julius A. Thomas Society, National Medical Association, National Association of Negro Musicians, National Association of University Women, Ancient Egyptian Arabic Order Nobles Mystic Shrine, Daughters of Isis, American Tennis Association, Inc., History of Harlem Commonwealth Council, Inc., Democratic National Convention, CBS, A. Phillip Randolph, Iota Phi Lambda Sorority, Pope John Paul II, Oak Bluffs, Black Caucus, ABC, 369th Veterans Association, D. Parke Gibson, NBC, The Edges Groups, National Distillers, Dr. Benjamin Hooks, National Bankers Association, Association for the Study of Afro-American Life & History, William H. Toles, Patricia Roberts Harris, Arthur Ashe, Kappa Alpha Psi Fraternity, Omega Psi Phi Fraternity, Phi Beta Sigma Fraternity, and the National Association of Media Women.
    There are approximately 368 pages with black and white photographs and advertisements throughout, as well as a few advertisements in color. The back cover of the magazine features a full page advertisement for Kool cigarettes.
    Transcription Center Status
    Transcribed by Digital Volunteers
    Place made
    Harlem, New York City, New York, United States, North and Central America
    Classification
    Documents and Published Materials-Published Works
    Type
    magazines (periodicals)
    Topic
    Advertising
    Associations and institutions
    Business
    Caricature and cartoons
    Communities
    Fraternal organizations
    Fraternities
    Government
    HBCUs (Historically Black Colleges and Universities)
    Journalism
    Labor
    Mass media
    Men
    Political organizations
    Politics (Practical)
    Professional organizations
    Religious groups
    Social life and customs
    Sororities
    Television
    U.S. History, 1969-2001
    Urban life
    Women
    Credit Line
    Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture, Gift of Anne B. Patrick and the family of Hilda E. Stokely
    Object number
    2012.167.14
    Restrictions & Rights
    Public domain
    Usage
    Not determined
    GUID
    http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/fd533a4aa5f-52b1-4ee7-8dd0-1df51498bd61
  • Great Migration Home Movie Study Collection

    smithsonian online virtual archive
    Record
    Creator
    National Museum of African American History and Culture (U.S.)
    name
    Church of God
    WHUT Howard University Television
    Mid-Atlantic Regional Moving Image Archive (MARMIA)
    Most Worshipful Prince Hall Grand Lodge of District of Columbia
    inclusive dates
    1940 - Ongoing
    1940 - Ongoing
    Physical description
    825 Digital files
    Abstract
    The Great Migration is a unique, ongoing digitization service program that partners the National Museum of African American History and Culture with individuals across the United States to preserve their important analog audiovisual media. While major motion picture film and television historically lacked diverse representation, black history was instinctively being preserved in everyday home movies. Today, these personal narratives serve as an invaluable tool for understanding and re-framing black moving image history, and provide a much needed visualization of African American history and culture.
    Preferred Citation
    Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture. Supported by the Robert Frederick Smith Fund of the National Museum of African American History and Culture.
    Restrictions
    Collection is available online for open research.
    Scope and Contents
    The collection contains 825 digitized audiovisual media objects. However, as an ongoing project the scope of the collection will continue to increase over time. The scope will be updated as is appropriate.
    The content of the collection consists predominantly of amateur recordings created by families to document their lives. This includes major life events, such as birthdays, as well as family vacations and holidays. Additionally, the collection includes footage produced by professionals for broadcast on television. This particular footage entered the collection through partnerships with other memory institutions.
    Physical description
    825 Digital files
    Abstract
    The Great Migration is a unique, ongoing digitization service program that partners the National Museum of African American History and Culture with individuals across the United States to preserve their important analog audiovisual media. While major motion picture film and television historically lacked diverse representation, black history was instinctively being preserved in everyday home movies. Today, these personal narratives serve as an invaluable tool for understanding and re-framing black moving image history, and provide a much needed visualization of African American history and culture.
    Preferred Citation
    Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture. Supported by the Robert Frederick Smith Fund of the National Museum of African American History and Culture.
    Restrictions
    Collection is available online for open research.
    Scope and Contents
    The collection contains 825 digitized audiovisual media objects. However, as an ongoing project the scope of the collection will continue to increase over time. The scope will be updated as is appropriate.
    The content of the collection consists predominantly of amateur recordings created by families to document their lives. This includes major life events, such as birthdays, as well as family vacations and holidays. Additionally, the collection includes footage produced by professionals for broadcast on television. This particular footage entered the collection through partnerships with other memory institutions.
    object type
    Archival materials
    topic
    Amateur films
    Families
    Travel
    Parties
    African Americans
    Usage
    Usage conditions apply
  • The Black G.I. (Black Journal segment)

    Directed by
    Garrett, Kent, American, born 1941
    Produced by
    Greaves, William, American, 1926 - 2014
    National Educational Television, American, 1954 - 1970
    Subject of
    Bennett, L. Howard, American, 1913 - 1993
    Bracey, Sylvester Sr., American, ca. 1949 - 2019
    Owned by
    Bowser, Pearl, American, born 1931
    Date
    1971
    Medium
    acetate film
    Dimensions
    Duration: 50 Minutes
    Length (Film): 1,800 Feet
    Title
    16mm motion picture film of The Black G.I. (Black Journal segment)
    Caption
    The Black G.I. is a two-part documentary episode of the television series Black Journal. It focuses on the experiences of African-American soldiers in the Vietnam War. This film features frank and open discussions from soldiers, ranked officers, and politicians about the racism that defined the different experiences black soldiers had in this war.
    Description
    This 16mm color film is an hour-long documentary segment of Episode No. 22 of the NET (National Educational Television) television program, Black Journal; a weekly public television newsmagazine in the late 1960s/early 1970s that examined the many issues pertinent to the black American experience at the time. It was originally broadcast on March 30, 1970, and is believed to have been filmed over the course of 1969. Episode No. 22 of Black Journal was directed by Stan Lathan, while the "Black G.I." segment was directed by Kent Garrett. Executive Produced by William Greaves.
    This film opens with a narration over images of African American men in the history of the US military. The first moving image section shows African American men fighting during World War II. The narrator discusses the irony of African American men fighting for freedom in Europe while not enjoying the same freedoms in the US. There are multiple shots of the Tuskegee Airmen. Eleanor Roosevelt pins (unknown) medal on African American soldier. Next, newsreel footage of Joe Louis arriving at an airbase and greeting black troops. The narrator then talks about the desegregation of the US military during the Korean War and points out the lack of black soldiers in leadership positions. Color footage marks the transition of the narration to coverage of the Vietnam War. Two African American soldiers in civilian clothing with soul power patches can be seen dapping. Series of brief excerpts from interviews of black soldiers play, each stating their position on being black and in the military during the Vietnam War. The narrator reveals the disproportionate percentage of black men who are killed in action versus their white counterparts. There are multiple shots of combat and post-combat footage in Vietnamese rice fields and footage of riverside villages. Two sailors patrol a river and discuss their experience in Vietnam thus far and what they'll do when they get home. They discuss their mission and how to be black while being in the military. A girl group performs at the USO in Saigon. Tanks and amored personnel carriers patrol suspected enemy locations along border with North Vietnam. Sailors on a patrol boat open fire at the river bank and a confederate flag can be seen flying from a flag pole on board. Black sailors discuss cultural challenges of being in the Navy and the lack entertainment geared towards black musical tastes of the time. One sailor talks about being disciplined for getting into an altercation after a white sailor ripped his tape player from the wall for playing soul music. The narrator reveals that an all white court martial found the sailor, Bobby Jenkins, guilty of assault, demoted him and docked his pay. A sailor relays that he and other African Americans met with the Assistant Secretary of Defense for civil rights to discuss their poor treatment and were promised changes by the Assistant Secretary. The sailors talk about how some local Vietnamese have adopted some of the negative perceptions of African Americans, which some black sailors believe they learned from some white members of the military. The sailors discuss how their hands are tied when it comes to standing up for their rights as sailors on a patrol boat dap and salute the camera with black/soul power fists. Air Force fighter pilot, John Bordeaux, discusses his personal experience of not facing the same discrimination expressed by other African American military personnel. Two black career Army officers, Davis and Rogers, discuss the systematic discrimination they've faced; in particular, they recall incidents of being passed over for promotions despite strong credentials. Brigadier General Frederick E. Davison, the first African American combat general, rejects the assertion that an African American who succeeds in the military is an Uncle Tom and discusses the many actions that the Army has taken to ensure equal treatment and opportunities. A cover of "Sittin' on a Dock in the Bay" plays over a montage of black soldiers in the field. A group of black Marines in a mess hall at Camp Hansen, Okinawa discuss the unfair treatment they've experienced, such as being forced to wear a collared shirt with their dashikis and not being allowed to wear their hair in an afro. One marine relates an incident in which they were violently confronted after returning from a USO show that primarily featured soul music. There is a series of shots of shops in Koza "Four Corners", Okinawa geared towards African American soldiers. Another group of soldiers discuss their dissatisfaction with being drafted to fight in Vietnam despite social and economic discrimination at home, and being harassed and targeted as being "troublesome" if they decide to attend country music night at local clubs. L. Howard Bennett, Deputy Assistant Secretary for Civil Rights, discusses how black soldiers complaining about the lack of soul music are expressing grievances beyond simply entertainment selection and dissatisfaction with communcation in the chain of command. He also states his opinion that black soldiers fighting for the US puts them in a better position to demand equal rights at home.
    Place filmed
    H? Chí Minh, Viet Nam, Asia
    Camp Hansen, Okinawa, Japan, Asia
    Arlington County, Virginia, United States, North and Central America
    Collection title
    Pearl Bowser Collection
    Portfolio/Series
    Black Journal segment
    Classification
    Media Arts-Film and Video
    Type
    motion pictures (information artifacts)
    16mm (photographic film size)
    Topic
    Film
    Gesture
    Mass media
    Military
    Race discrimination
    Race relations
    Television
    Vietnam War, 1961-1975
    Credit Line
    Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture, Gift of Pearl Bowser
    Object number
    2012.79.1.51.1a
    Restrictions & Rights
    © National Educational Television
    Usage
    Usage conditions apply
    GUID
    http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/fd52bd1f8e2-5401-4dc0-9984-bb011645927b
  • Pinback button supporting Oprah Winfrey as John Kerry’s running mate

    Manufactured by
    Unidentified
    Subject of
    Winfrey, Oprah, American, born 1954
    Secretary of State Kerry, John, American, born 1943
    Date
    ca. 2004
    Medium
    ink on paper with metal and plastic laminate
    Dimensions
    H x W x D: 2 3/16 × 2 3/16 × 1/4 in. (5.6 × 5.6 × 0.6 cm)
    Description
    A pinback button supporting Oprah Winfrey as a Vice Presidential running mate for Senator John Kerry's 2004 presidential campaign. The button is red with white, block text the reads, [THE BEST/ FOR 2004 / JOHN / KERRY / & / OPRAH / WINFREY]. Below the text are two, cropped, color photographic images of John Kerry and Oprah Winfrey. Kerry is depicted from the shoulders up, in three quarters profile. He is looking towards the left side of the button. He is wearing a black jacket, white button down shirt, and a pink tie. Winfrey is depicted from the waist up, facing the viewer, with her arms slightly extended. She is wearing a grey, off-the-shoulders, wrap dress. Her image overlays Kerry's. The back of the button is silver toned with a silver toned pin.
    Classification
    Memorabilia and Ephemera-Political and Activist Ephemera
    Type
    buttons (information artifacts)
    Topic
    Actors
    Politics (Practical)
    Television
    U.S. History, 2001-
    Credit Line
    Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture, Gift of Dr. Rhea L. Combs
    Object number
    2017.72.1
    Restrictions & Rights
    Unknown - Restrictions Possible
    Usage
    Usage conditions apply
    GUID
    http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/fd58bfab097-52a1-44a1-8a69-709e0d6f3e4b
  • Talking to Lonnie Bunch about his Smithsonian-size Task

    Published by
    Chicago Tribune, American, founded 1847
    Written by
    Johnson, Steve, American
    Subject of
    Bunch, Lonnie G. III, American, born 1952
    Used by
    Jim Vance, American, 1942 - 2017
    Date
    December 10, 2014; printed February 28, 2017
    Medium
    ink on paper, metal
    Dimensions
    H x W: 8 1/2 × 11 in. (21.6 × 27.9 cm)
    Description
    A printed copy of an interview given by Lonnie G. Bunch III to Steve Johnson, a reporter for the Chicago Tribune. The interview was published on the Chicago Tribune website in 2014. The interview is titled “Talking to Lonnie Bunch about his Smithsonian-size Task.” The copy was made by Jim Vance in 2017 for research purposes. It is printed on white paper with back ink and consists of seven pages stapled together. Portions of the text are highlighted in yellow. Other portions are blocked off with black, handwritten brackets.
    Place depicted
    Washington, District of Columbia, United States, North and Central America
    Classification
    Documents and Published Materials
    Type
    documents
    xerographic copies
    Topic
    Journalism
    Local and regional
    Mass media
    Museums
    Television
    U.S. History, 2001-
    Credit Line
    Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture, Gift of NBC Universal / WRC-TV
    Object number
    2019.12.6
    Restrictions & Rights
    © Chicago Tribune. Permission required for use.
    Usage
    Usage conditions apply
    GUID
    http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/fd5857ba515-5034-4dc7-bc56-bafcec0759f4
  • Lonnie Bunch on his father’s ‘gentlemanly defiance’ of Jim Crow

    Published by
    CBS Broadcasting, Inc., American, founded 1927
    Attributed to
    Bunch, Lonnie G. III, American, born 1952
    Used by
    Jim Vance, American, 1942 - 2017
    Date
    July 24, 2014; printed February 28, 2017
    Medium
    ink on paper, metal
    Dimensions
    H x W: 8 1/2 × 11 in. (21.6 × 27.9 cm)
    Description
    A printed copy of an interview given by Lonnie G. Bunch III to CBS news, published on their website in 2014. The interview is titled “Lonnie Bunch on his father’s ‘gentlemanly defiance’ of Jim Crow.” The copy was made by Jim Vance in 2017 for research purposes. It is printed on white paper with back ink and consists of three pages stapled together.
    Place depicted
    Washington, District of Columbia, United States, North and Central America
    Classification
    Documents and Published Materials
    Type
    documents
    xerographic copies
    Topic
    Journalism
    Local and regional
    Mass media
    Museums
    Television
    U.S. History, 2001-
    Credit Line
    Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture, Gift of NBC Universal / WRC-TV
    Object number
    2019.12.7
    Restrictions & Rights
    © CBS Broadcasting, Inc. Permission required for use.
    Usage
    Usage conditions apply
    GUID
    http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/fd56c0394db-6b57-4757-942d-ab4af9b5b85a
  • Flyer advertising television program about liberation in Namibia

    Created by
    Brath, Elombe, American, 1936 - 2014
    Subject of
    Nujoma, Sam, Namibian, born 1929
    South West Africa People's Organization, Namibian, founded 1960
    Date
    1970s
    Medium
    ink on paper
    Dimensions
    H x W (Sheet): 11 × 8 1/2 in. (27.9 × 21.6 cm)
    Description
    This flyer advertises a television program about liberation in Namibia featuring an interview with Sam Nujoma. The flyer is white and features a photograph of Sam Nujoma. All text is centered on the page and reads: [NAMIBIA / FOCUS ON A LIBERATION STRUGGLE / Sunday, Dec. 21st, 12:30pm / LIKE IT IS/WABC-TV / Featuring An Exclusive Interview With / SWAPO President Sam Nujoma / A Program Produced by Elombe Brath]. The back of the flyer is blank.
    Place used
    New York City, New York, United States, North and Central America
    Place depicted
    Namibia, Africa
    Classification
    Memorabilia and Ephemera-Political and Activist Ephemera
    Movement
    Pan Africanism
    Type
    fliers (printed matter)
    Topic
    Africa
    Black power
    Decolonization
    International affairs
    Mass media
    Television
    U.S. History, 1969-2001
    Credit Line
    Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture
    Object number
    2015.97.27.71
    Restrictions & Rights
    Unknown - Restrictions Possible
    Usage
    Usage conditions apply
    GUID
    http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/fd50deb1149-7498-4205-92c9-eabe5d3407c4
  • Tribute to Malcolm X (Black Journal segment)

    Produced by
    National Educational Television, American, 1954 - 1970
    Edited by
    Anderson, Madeline, American
    Subject of
    X, Malcolm, American, 1925 - 1965
    Dr. Shabazz, Betty, American, 1934 - 1997
    Owned by
    Bowser, Pearl, American, born 1931
    Date
    1969
    Medium
    acetate film
    Dimensions
    Duration: 14 Minutes
    Length (Film): 500 Feet
    Title
    16mm motion picture film of Tribute to Malcolm X (Black Journal segment)
    Caption
    This 16mm film is a short documentary made by Madeline Anderson for National Education Television's Black Journal television program to commemorate the four year anniversary of the assassination of Malcolm X.
    Description
    This 16mm black and white film print is a short documentary made for the National Education Television's Black Journal television program. Editor Madeline Anderson compiled footage of Malcolm X to commemorate the four year anniversary of his assassination.
    This film opens with footage of the public attending the funeral/wake of Malcolm X, and a voice-over of a male narrator recounts the sentiments of some individuals describing what Malcolm X meant to the African American community during his life and after his assassination. Malcolm X's wife, Betty Shabazz, discusses Malcolm's early childhood roots, family, stints in foster care and boys' homes, and his struggle to stay on the straight and narrow in Boston, MA. The narrator then picks back up describing Malcolm X's biography and attitude towards race relations and integration in America. Excerpts from various television interviews with Malcolm X play. During the first interview clip, Malcolm explains why he believes integration has not been successful and cannot be successful (during that particular point in time) unless certain issues are addressed. In the second interview clip, Malcolm discusses why he was silenced by the Nation of Islam for a comment he made shortly after the assassination of President John F. Kennedy. He elaborates on what he actually meant by saying that "chickens are coming home to roost" amid an unaddressed climate of hate in the United States. The third interview is with Malcolm after he returned from his pilgrimage to Mecca. American reporters ask him about his feelings on integration in America, now that he has returned from Mecca, where Muslims from all over were participating in the pilgrimage to Mecca together. Malcolm states that his feelings on integration have not changed as a result of the brotherhood he experienced during his trip Mecca. An interview with Betty Shabazz picks up again, and she further explains her late husband's beliefs concerning integration and his wish to redirect the goal of the black struggle from civil rights to human rights by internationalizing the struggle and aligning African Americans with other marginalized groups around the world. Another interview with Malcolm X plays, and he explains, in his own words, how human rights is an international issue that should be addressed by the United Nations. Footage of a civil rights demonstration plays. Malcolm X addresses students in Selma, Alabama and talks about charging the United States with human rights violations. Further, he tells a story in which he defines what he believes to be the difference in mentality between what he calls a "field negro" and a "house negro". He states that he is a "field negro" ready to fight for his freedom.
    Place filmed
    Harlem, Manhattan, New York City, New York County, New York, United States, North and Central America
    Collection title
    Pearl Bowser Collection
    Classification
    Media Arts-Film and Video
    Movement
    Civil Rights Movement
    Black Nationalism
    Type
    sound films
    black-and-white films (visual works)
    short subjects
    16mm (photographic film size)
    Topic
    Black power
    Civil rights
    Film
    Funeral customs and rites
    Mass media
    Resistance
    Social reform
    Television
    U.S. History, 1961-1969
    Credit Line
    Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture, Gift of Pearl Bowser
    Object number
    2012.79.1.37.1a
    Restrictions & Rights
    © National Educational Television
    Usage
    Usage conditions apply
    GUID
    http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/fd57efc83f7-85eb-4584-b0b4-fc285ae6a92d
  • Julian Bond (Black Journal segment)

    Produced by
    National Educational Television, American, 1954 - 1970
    Subject of
    Representative Julian Bond, American, 1940 - 2015
    O'Dwyer, Paul, American, 1907 - 1998
    Maddox, Lester, American, 1915 - 2003
    Date
    1969
    Medium
    acetate film
    Dimensions
    Duration: 11 Minutes
    Length (Film): 420 Feet
    Title
    16mm motion picture film of Julian Bond
    Caption
    This 16mm film is a short documentary produced for the National Educational Television program Black Journal. It examines the promising political career of civil rights activist and then member of the Georgia State Legislature, Julian Bond.
    Description
    This 16mm color film is a short documentary produced for the Black Journal television program on the early and promising political career of Julian Bond; a civil rights activist and then member of the Georgia State Legislature. In this short film, Julian Bond discusses his constituents and political conflicts and goals as a black activist.
    The film begins with the 1968 Democratic National Convention in Chicago, where Democrats announced their nomination of Julian Bond for Vice President of the United States. The narrator then begins to describe who Julian Bond is and how he started his political career as a civil rights activist, and later shifting his efforts to the political arena. Julian Bond discusses why he got involved in politics and how he hopes to use it to implement some of the changes he advocated for during his years as an activist. As a young and popular politician, he is in high demand and travels to New York to campaign on behalf of New York State Senatorial candidate Paul O'Dwyer. In New York, he engages in a light debate with an African American bystander who questions why he would campaign on behalf of a Ccaucasian politician that he believes is focused on black rights and progress. Another clip from the 1968 Democratic National Convention plays, in which Bond mentions Lester Maddox. An interview with Bond inside of a moving car follows. Julian Bond discusses the economic and social demographic of his constituents, as well as his options for effectively creating change from within the political system. He also discusses his opinions on segregation and integration, and the pros and cons of each regarding specific things like public education and black owned businesses. The films ends with the narrator asking whether or not Julian Bond can continue to express the will of black America while still attracting support from white America.
    Place filmed
    New York City, New York County, New York, United States, North and Central America
    Atlanta, Fulton County, Georgia, United States, North and Central America
    Scarsdale, Westchester County, New York, United States, North and Central America
    Collection title
    Pearl Bowser Collection
    Portfolio/Series
    Black Journal segment
    Classification
    Media Arts-Film and Video
    Type
    motion pictures (information artifacts)
    16mm (photographic film size)
    Topic
    Activism
    Civil rights
    Education
    Film
    Politics (Practical)
    Race discrimination
    Race relations
    Television
    U.S. History, 1961-1969
    Credit Line
    Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture, Gift of Pearl Bowser
    Object number
    2012.79.1.99.1a
    Restrictions & Rights
    © National Educational Television
    Usage
    Usage conditions apply
    GUID
    http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/fd55238b40d-c136-4de5-9333-e4cc622296f8
  • Southern Trailer Home • South Carolina

    Photograph by
    Freed, Leonard, American, 1929 - 2006
    Subject of
    Unidentified Man or Men
    Printed by
    Steinmetz Studio, French
    Date
    1965; printed 1998
    Medium
    silver and photographic gelatin on photographic paper
    Dimensions
    H x W (Image): 12 15/16 x 19 1/16 in. (32.8 x 48.4 cm)
    H x W (Sheet): 16 x 20 in. (40.6 x 50.8 cm)
    H x W (Matted): 20 x 26 in. (50.8 x 66 cm)
    Description
    A black-and-white photograph of a young man and a television in a darkened room in a trailer home in South Carolina by the photographer Leonard Freed. The young man stands to the extreme left of the frame and wears a patterned white shirt. His left hand is raised to his jaw, partly obscuring his face. To the extreme right of the photo is a television, turned on and showing a woman on the screen. The date and place the photo was taken are inscribed on the back along with the photographer's stamp.
    Place captured
    South Carolina, United States, North and Central America
    Classification
    Media Arts-Photography
    Type
    gelatin silver prints
    Topic
    Domestic life
    Photography
    Television
    U.S. History, 1961-1969
    Credit Line
    Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture
    Object number
    2009.10.8
    Restrictions & Rights
    © Leonard Freed & Magnum Photos, Inc.
    Usage
    Usage conditions apply
    GUID
    http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/fd503192b90-d662-49d8-befc-9fb2cc0e2346
  • Alice Coltrane (Black Journal segment)

    Produced by
    National Educational Television, American, 1954 - 1970
    Greaves, William, American, 1926 - 2014
    Directed by
    Bourne, St. Clair, American, 1943 - 2007
    Subject of
    Coltrane, Alice, American, 1937 - 2007
    Coltrane, John, American, 1926 - 1967
    Owned by
    Bowser, Pearl, American, born 1931
    Date
    1970
    Medium
    acetate film
    Dimensions
    Duration: 17 Minutes
    Length (Film): 580 Feet
    Title
    16mm motion picture film of Alice Coltrane (Black Journal segment)
    Caption
    This 16mm film is a documentary segment focusing on the life of Alice Coltrane and her children in the wake of the death of her husband, famed jazz magician John Coltrane.
    Description
    The 16mm color film print is a short documentary made for a segment of National Education Television's Black Journal television program. The segment focuses on the life of Alice Coltrane and her children in the wake of the death of her husband, famed jazz magician John Coltrane. This film was shot sometime during 1970; three years after the death of John Coltrane.
    This film opens with a collage of photos of jazz musician John Coltrane with a voice-over of a male narrator communicating the musical genius and personal demeanor of the renowned music artist. The voice-over ends with an open-ended statement on John Coltrane's family; leading into an interview with his wife, Alice Coltrane. Alice Coltrane discusses the influence her late husband has had on her life, both musically and spiritually. She speaks of him being a spiritual person, although not tied to one organized religion, his vegetarian diet, and the how he carved time out of his days to meditate. There is footage of their children playing in the yard and walking with their mother. Alice plays the harp and talks about how her music is a manifestation of her spirituality. She discusses her musical career and how she balances that with being a mother and paying tribute to her late husband, but also not wanting to be defined as an extension of John Coltrane's music. Instead, when she finds herself playing some of the music he wrote, she sees herself as sharing in what he produced throughout his career. Footage of her playing the piano at a small jazz concert with a few other musicians plays for two minutes. In the final minutes of the segment, Alice Coltrane explains her relationship with a higher power and the personal enlightenment she has felt and gained through meditation. The film ends with a dolly-out/zoom-out long shot of Alice Coltrane and her children waving from their home.
    Place filmed
    Dix Hills, Huntington, Long Island, New York, United States, North and Central America
    Collection title
    Pearl Bowser Collection
    Classification
    Media Arts-Film and Video
    Type
    color films (visual works)
    16mm (photographic film size)
    Topic
    Families
    Jazz (Music)
    Motherhood
    Musicians
    Profile films
    Spirituality
    Television
    Credit Line
    Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture, Gift of Pearl Bowser
    Object number
    2012.79.1.16.1a
    Restrictions & Rights
    © National Educational Television
    Usage
    Usage conditions apply
    10 year streaming license agreement with WNET. Agreement is dated May 16 2017.
    GUID
    http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/fd5cc27a5ab-2c2f-4077-9403-28720a470ace
  • Malcolm X Liberation University (Black Journal segment)

    Produced by
    Bourne, St. Clair, American, 1943 - 2007
    National Educational Television, American, 1954 - 1970
    Greaves, William, American, 1926 - 2014
    Owned by
    Bowser, Pearl, American, born 1931
    Subject of
    Dr. Shabazz, Betty, American, 1934 - 1997
    X, Malcolm, American, 1925 - 1965
    Interview of
    Fuller, Howard, American, born 1941
    Subject of
    Harambee Singers, American, founded 1966
    Reagon, Bernice Johnson, American, born 1942
    Date
    1969
    On View
    Concourse, C X06
    Exhibition
    A Century in the Making
    Medium
    acetate film and metal
    Dimensions
    Duration: 10 Minutes
    Length (Film): 320 Feet
    Title
    16mm motion picture of Malcolm X Liberation University [Black Journal segment]
    Caption
    This 16mm film is a short documentary made for National Educational Television's Black Journal television program. Producer St. Clair Bourne chronicles the opening of Malcolm X Liberation University in Durham, North Carolina on October 25, 1969.
    Description
    This 16mm color film is a short documentary subject made for National Educational Television's Black Journal television program. Producer St. Clair Bourne chronicles the opening of Malcolm X Liberation University in North Carolina. It consists of: a 16mm film (a), original 400 foot film reel (b), and original 400 foot film canister (c).
    2012.79.1.68.1a: The film opens with a student meeting/rally at Duke University, in which one unidentified student speaker (male) states why they longer wish to participate in a system they don't believe speaks to the needs of African American college students. A male narrator begins to speak, explaining what the Black Student Movement at Duke University was and how it originated and morphed into a separate institution. An interview with Howard Fuller begins to play, and he expresses why he doesn't believe in institutionalized black studies programs. Footage of him announcing the opening of Malcolm X Liberation University begins to play, and is followed by clips of the opening celebratory parade and rally. The narrator describes the new university's proposed curriculum and study abroad program in Africa. Howard Fuller addressed the crowd by reading a statement from Stokely Carmichael, and introduced guest speaker Betty Shabazz. During her speech, white train workers in a nearby train yard rang a train car bell to interrupt her speech. A visiting professor who was in attendance climbed on top of the train car and silenced the bell so Betty Shabazz could finish her speech. A small group of women sing "The Black Magician" onstage. Courtland Cox, a representative from Malcolm X Liberation University's sister school in Washington, DC, closed the ceremony. The film ends with an interview with Howard Fuller speaking on the role of Malcolm X Liberation University can and hopes to play in the black liberation struggle.
    2012.79.1.68.1b: Original 400 foot film reel.
    2012.79.1.68.1c: Original 400 foot film canister. The metal can has a sticker label from a film distribution company with the name of film.
    Place filmed
    Raleigh, Wake County, North Carolina, United States, North and Central America
    Durham, Durham County, North Carolina, United States, North and Central America
    Collection title
    Pearl Bowser Collection
    Classification
    Media Arts-Film and Video
    Type
    sound films
    color films (visual works)
    short subjects
    16mm (photographic film size)
    Topic
    Civil Rights
    Education
    Film
    Race discrimination
    Race relations
    Television
    Credit Line
    Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture, Gift of Pearl Bowser
    Object number
    2012.79.1.68.1abc
    Restrictions & Rights
    © National Educational Television
    Usage
    Usage conditions apply
    GUID
    http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/fd5ff49a8a3-10f3-473a-8719-85e8e5f89db0
  • Ethiopia (Black Journal segment)

    Directed by
    Garrett, Kent, American, born 1941
    Produced by
    Garrett, Kent, American, born 1941
    Greaves, William, American, 1926 - 2014
    National Educational Television, American, 1954 - 1970
    Photograph by
    Lucas, Leroy, American
    Owned by
    Bowser, Pearl, American, born 1931
    Date
    1969
    Medium
    acetate film
    Dimensions
    Length (Film): 860 Feet
    Duration: 24 Minutes
    Title
    16mm motion picture film of Ethiopia (Black Journal segment)
    Caption
    This 16mm film is a special half-hour-long documentary produced for the National Educational Television program Black Journal. It examines the cultural and historical life of African nation of Ethiopia.
    Description
    This 16mm film was a special half-hour-long documentary produced by Kent Garrett for the National Educational Television program Black Journal. This documentary examines the cultural and historical life of Ethiopia.
    This 16mm film was a special half-hour-long documentary produced for the National Educational Television program Black Journal. This documentary examines the cultural and historical life of Ethiopia. The entire documentary is voiced-over by a male narrator who describes Ethiopia's intersecting political, religious, and social history. The first half of the documentary is spent telling the history of Christianity in Ethiopia, and its ties to and influence on ancient Ethiopia. There are shots of the Obelisk of Aksum in Ethiopia's Tirgay; a 1,700-year-old granite stele that stands 24 meters tall and weighs 160 metric tons. The narrator then describes the historical architecture and founding of the Church of St. George in the city of Lalibela, located in the Amhara Region of Ethiopia. One of eleven monolithic churches in the city of Lalibela, the narrator explains the importance of this group of rock-hewn churches that were built in the late 12th to early 13th century and serves as a pilgrimage for some. Next, there are scenes of the festival of Timket Holiday in Adis Abeba and footage of various Ethiopian tribes singing and dancing. Ethiopians are described as an African people, diverse in tribal association while sharing common African ancestry. The narrator states that it is a common mistake to racially identify Ethiopians as Middle Eastern.
    Place filmed
    Aksum, Tigray, Ethiopia, Africa
    Place depicted
    Ethiopia, Africa
    Place filmed
    Adis Abeba, Adis Abeba, Ethiopia, Africa
    Lalibela, Amara, Ethiopia, Africa
    Collection title
    Pearl Bowser Collection
    Portfolio/Series
    Black Journa
    Classification
    Media Arts-Film and Video
    Type
    motion pictures (information artifacts)
    16mm (photographic film size)
    Topic
    Africa
    Architecture
    Film
    Religion
    Television
    Credit Line
    Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture, Gift of Pearl Bowser
    Object number
    2012.79.1.49.1a
    Restrictions & Rights
    © National Educational Television
    Usage
    Usage conditions apply
    GUID
    http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/fd5ed51da75-430b-4f9e-a5fb-7138ac67938a
  • Harpo Studios jacket worn by Bill Camacho on set of The Oprah Winfrey Show

    Manufactured by
    Hilton Apparel, founded 1980
    Worn by
    Camacho, Bill, American
    Subject of
    Harpo, Inc., American, founded 1986
    Date
    1990-2011
    Medium
    synthetic fiber, leather, nylon thread, and metal fasteners
    Dimensions
    H x W x D (on form): 27 1/2 × 26 × 13 1/2 in. (69.9 × 66 × 34.3 cm)
    Description
    This jacket was worn by Bill Camacho during his employment as a crew member for The Oprah Winfrey Show. The body of the jacket is made from heavy black synthetic fleece while the full-length sleeves and the standard collar are made from caramel colored leather. The jacket closes at the center front with a black metal zipper and three (3) metal snaps, one at the center front neck and two at the waistband. The cuffs and the waistband are made from ribbed black synthetic fabric. There are two (2) patch pockets with flap closures, one at each front side waist. The flaps close with one (1) metal snap at the center. Two (2) welted pockets, with the welts made from the caramel leather, open vertically at the exterior side of each front waist patch pocket. The name "Camacho" is machine-embroidered in white thread at the proper left front chest. A large design in silver, teal, yellow, purple, and black thread is embroidered at the center back across the shoulders. The design features an oval sign with the text "HARPO / STUDIOS" inside it. The sign is above a building placed catty-corner and with a banner on the building reading "THE OPRAH WINFREY SHOW".
    The jacket is fully lined in a black synthetic fabric that is quilted in a grid set on point throughout. There is one (1) welted pocket at the interior proper left waist with the welts made from the caramel leather. White stabilizing material is present where the reverse of the designs on the back and left chest are embroidered. There is a manufacturer's tag sewn at the interior center back neck that reads "HILTON / ACTIVE APPAREL / RN 71661 / MADE IN THE U.S.A." with two smaller tags below it, one indicating size and the second identifying the item as made in the United States.
    Place used
    Chicago, Cook County, Illinois, United States, North and Central America
    Classification
    Clothing-Historical
    Type
    jackets
    Topic
    Clothing and dress
    Communication
    Entertainers
    Labor
    Mass media
    Television
    Credit Line
    Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture, Gift of Oprah Winfrey
    Object number
    2016.7.1
    Restrictions & Rights
    No Known Copyright Restrictions
    Usage
    Not determined
    GUID
    http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/fd50bbb4284-26ed-4800-9751-3266038fdf5b
  • CC0 Creative Commons - No Rights Reserved icon

    Peach dress and belt worn by Oprah Winfrey on The Oprah Winfrey Show

    Designed by
    Scott, L'Wren, American, 1964 - 2014
    Worn by
    Oprah Winfrey, American, born 1954
    Subject of
    Harpo, Inc., American, founded 1986
    Date
    2011
    On View
    Concourse 1, C1 053
    Exhibition
    A Changing America: 1968 and Beyond
    Medium
    a: silk twill, synthetic fiber, and metal fasteners;
    b: silk chiffon, silk twill, and metal fasteners
    Dimensions
    H x W x D ((ab) on form): 43 1/2 × 26 × 14 in. (110.5 × 66 × 35.6 cm)
    H x W ((b) flat): 29 × 41 1/4 in. (73.7 × 104.8 cm)
    Description
    This peach dress (a) and pleated chiffon belt (b) were designed by L'Wren Scott and worn by Oprah Winfrey during the series finale of The Oprah Winfrey Show in May 2011. The dress is made from a peach twill silk and has a fitted bodice that ends at the natural waist. A band of self-fabric piping trims the scoop neckline. The sleeves are 3/4 length and straight cut. A band of self-fabric decorative piping is sewn near the hem of the sleeves. The pencil skirt falls to the mid-calf and has a 5 1/2-inch slit at the center back. The dress closes at the center back with a metal zipper painted peach to match the fabric, which extends from the neckline to the lower back. One (1) metal hook-and-eye is sewn above the zipper. The interior bodice and skirt of the dress are lined with a cream mesh synthetic fabric, while the sleeves are not lined. A length of peach thread is sewn at each interior top shoulder that can be closed with one (1) small metal snap each. The hem of the skirt is turned to the interior and edged with peach lace on the seam. The hem of the skirt lining is edged in cream lace. A white rectangular fabric label with plum embroidery reading "L'Wren Scott" is sewn at the interior proper left back side below the neckline.
    This pleated chiffon belt accompanies the peach dress (a). The chiffon fabric is dyed in an ombre ranging from peach to mauve. The waistband of the belt is faced in the chiffon with only the peach to pale pink ombre. It closes at the proper right front side with three (3) flat metal hook-and-eyes and one (1) metal snap. The closure is behind a stiff rectangular material covered in the peach chiffon. Extending below the closure are three tiered flounces of the pleated chiffon featuring the full range of ombre colors. The interior of the waistband is lined in the same peach fabric used for the dress (a). Four (4) pieces of vertically-oriented boning are sewn inside the lining at intervals around the waistband. A white rectangular fabric label with plum embroidery reading "L'Wren Scott" is sewn at the interior proper left side.
    Place used
    Chicago, Cook County, Illinois, United States, North and Central America
    Classification
    Clothing-Costume
    Type
    dresses
    Topic
    Actors
    Clothing and dress
    Communication
    Costume
    Entertainers
    Fashion
    Fashion design
    Mass media
    Television
    Credit Line
    Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture, Gift of Oprah Winfrey
    Object number
    2016.7.2ab
    Restrictions & Rights
    No Known Copyright Restrictions
    Usage
    CC0
    GUID
    http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/fd5dbf586d6-92f6-403d-83a8-2e0b4e6f69fb
  • CC0 Creative Commons - No Rights Reserved icon

    Red suit worn by Oprah Winfrey during the car giveaway on The Oprah Winfrey Show

    Designed by
    Céline, French, founded 1945
    Worn by
    Oprah Winfrey, American, born 1954
    Subject of
    Harpo, Inc., American, founded 1986
    Date
    2004
    Medium
    .1: wool and nylon blend cloth with plastic buttons;
    .2: wool and nylon blend cloth with metal fasteners
    Dimensions
    H x W x D ((.1-.2) on form): 39 1/4 × 23 × 11 1/2 in. (99.7 × 58.4 × 29.2 cm)
    H x W x D ((.1) on form): 22 1/2 × 23 × 11 1/2 in. (57.2 × 58.4 × 29.2 cm)
    H x W x D ((.2) on form): 24 3/4 × 14 1/2 × 10 1/2 in. (62.9 × 36.8 × 26.7 cm)
    Description
    This red suit, consisting of a jacket (.1) and skirt (.2), was designed by Céline and worn by Oprah Winfrey on an episode of The Oprah Winfrey Show that aired in September 2004. The suit is made from a red wool and nylon blend boucle fabric. The fitted jacket has a shawl collar with an open neckline and closes proper right side over left side at the center front with two (2) large round brown tortoise-shell plastic buttons with the text "CELINE" etched on them and two (2) smaller buttons of the same design. The two (2) smaller buttons cannot be seen from the facing side. Two (2) additional decorative large round buttons of the same design are sewn on the proper right side corresponding to the placement of the functioning buttons on the proper left side. The 3/4-length sleeves are cut straight and do not have cuffs. The back of the jacket has seaming and pleating for a form-fitting silhouette, though the waistband around the front and back has a slight flare. The interior of the jacket is not lined. There are two (2) red transparent plastic buttons on the interior proper left front side that are backing the large tortoiseshell buttons on the facing side for stabilization. The large buttons on the proper right side are stabilized by the smaller tortoiseshell buttons. Three (3) labels are sewn at the interior center back neck. The top label is white fabric with gray embroidered text reading "FINITION MAIN." The middle label is sewn to the bottom edge of the top label and is white fabric with gray embroidered text reading "CELINE". The bottom label is sewn to the bottom edge of the middle label and is white paper with black preprinted text and handwritten black ink text with style, size, fiber content, and care information.
    The pencil skirt (.2) falls just below the knee and has an 8-inch slit at the center back. The skirt closes at the center back waist with one (1) metal hook-and-eye and a red metal invisible zipper. The skirt is not lined. There are three (3) labels sewn at the interior back to the proper left of the zipper. The top label is white fabric with gray embroidered text reading "CELINE". The next label has sizing information. Sewn to the bottom of the top label and behind the size label is a white paper label with black preprinted text and handwritten black ink text with style, size, fiber content, and care information.
    Place used
    Chicago, Cook County, Illinois, United States, North and Central America
    Classification
    Clothing-Costume
    Type
    jackets
    skirts
    Topic
    Actors
    Clothing and dress
    Communication
    Costume
    Entertainers
    Fashion
    Fashion design
    Mass media
    Television
    Credit Line
    Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture, Gift of Oprah Winfrey
    Object number
    2016.7.3.1-2
    Restrictions & Rights
    No Known Copyright Restrictions
    Usage
    CC0
    GUID
    http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/fd5b300e588-ba75-4da8-8b51-a885b288a43e
  • CC0 Creative Commons - No Rights Reserved icon

    Three red car bows from the car giveaway episode of The Oprah Winfrey Show

    Manufactured by
    Unidentified
    Used by
    Harpo, Inc., American, founded 1986
    Date
    2004
    Medium
    .1: synthetic velvet ribbon, elastic cord, and foam;
    .2: synthetic velvet ribbon, elastic cord, and foam;
    .3: synthetic velvet ribbon, elastic cord, and wire
    Dimensions
    H x W x D (.1): 44 × 19 1/2 × 9 in. (111.8 × 49.5 × 22.9 cm)
    H x W x D (.2): 50 × 22 1/2 × 10 in. (127 × 57.2 × 25.4 cm)
    H x W x D (.3): 8 × 21 1/2 × 19 1/2 in. (20.3 × 54.6 × 49.5 cm)
    Description
    .1: A red bow made from synthetic velvet ribbon that was placed on a car for an audience giveaway on The Oprah Winfrey Show in 2004. The multiple loops of the bow are held together with red elastic cord. Two tails with bias cut ends extend below the bow. There are (2) strips of adhesive foam with a protective cover over them, one on each tail near the bow.
    .2: A red bow made from synthetic velvet ribbon that was placed on a car for an audience giveaway on The Oprah Winfrey Show in 2004. The multiple loops of the bow are held together with red elastic cord. Two tails with bias cut ends extend below the bow. There are (2) strips of adhesive foam with a protective cover over them, one on each tail near the bow.
    .3: A red bow made from synthetic velvet ribbon that was placed on a car for an audience giveaway on The Oprah Winfrey Show in 2004. The multiple loops of the bow are held together with red elastic cord. Green thread-wrapped wire is holding some of the loops together as well. The bow has no tails.
    Place used
    Chicago, Cook County, Illinois, United States, North and Central America
    Classification
    Memorabilia and Ephemera
    Tools and Equipment-Props and set design
    Type
    memorabilia
    Topic
    Communication
    Entertainers
    Mass media
    Television
    Credit Line
    Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture, Gift of Oprah Winfrey
    Object number
    2016.7.4.1-3
    Restrictions & Rights
    No Known Copyright Restrictions
    Usage
    CC0
    GUID
    http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/fd5ebb13ca8-296c-436e-b340-3063d8d79deb
  • Key ring from the car giveaway episode of The Oprah Winfrey Show

    Manufactured by
    Unidentified
    Used by
    Harpo, Inc., American, founded 1986
    Date
    2004
    Medium
    metal, rubber, and glass
    Dimensions
    H x W x D: 3 1/2 × 2 × 1/2 in. (8.9 × 5.1 × 1.3 cm)
    Description
    A silver metal key ring connected to a square silver metal fob with rounded edges. One side of the fob has "Oprah" in the font of her signature etched at the center oriented diagonally. The other side has a tear-drop shaped rubber push switch with a circle indention in the center which functions as an on/off button for the red LED light. The fob has a whole in one corner with a small metal jump ring attached to the fob through the hole and then the jump ring is attached to the larger key ring.
    Place used
    Chicago, Cook County, Illinois, United States, North and Central America
    Classification
    Memorabilia and Ephemera
    Tools and Equipment-Personal use
    Type
    key rings
    Topic
    Communication
    Entertainers
    Mass media
    Television
    Credit Line
    Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture, Gift of Oprah Winfrey
    Object number
    2016.7.5
    Restrictions & Rights
    Unknown - Restrictions Possible
    Usage
    Not determined
    GUID
    http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/fd5b4929539-482e-4da6-982d-19fff17ce5b6

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